home Plumbing installation

What is the diameter of the pipe to plant in the house. Formalities that must be observed when connecting. Stationary centralized system

Private houses are slightly different from the usual apartments. On a separate private site a person does not have access to all those communications that are in the city.

More often, a private house completely cut off from communications, except perhaps electricity. The task of laying a water pipe in a private house, its installation and repair falls on the shoulders of the owner.

In this article we will tell you how to build a water pipe in a private house, what you need to do to simplify its installation, etc.

Contents of the article

Design features

Let's start, perhaps, from the most important moment. The private house, as a rule, initially does not have access to water sources. And in order to conduct water supply, you need to understand the access to water.

In the city, access to water is easy. Each building is supplied with all necessary communications, including working water. The same scheme applies central sewerage. Maintenance of all communications and their repair falls on the shoulders of utilities.

In a private house of water supply, they are organized around independently formed sources of water. These sources we choose ourselves. On the one hand, we get a lot of advantages. After all, now we do not have to pay for water, we get it as much as we want, there are no interruptions with water (unless it is necessary to repair the source or the entire system).

On the other hand, all cares for servicing the system fall on us. Is something broken and repairs needed? We do it ourselves. Has the pipe broken? We change ourselves. Worn pipes or pump? We also change or try to repair ourselves.

As you can see, in such a situation, more responsibility falls on our shoulders. However, more responsibility - means more opportunities.

The quality of water received in the water supply system, too, is usually different for the better. However, it happens the other way around. Sometimes the water on the plot is such that you can not drink it. For example, it is too much contaminated with iron additives, salts, etc. In this case, you can not do without cleaning systems.

In a private house there is a sewage system, or rather the sewage system itself, and its connection and laying also depends only on the owners of the house.

In advanced suburban areas there is a central sewage system. It is understood that the sewage system consists of a large central pipe connected to the main systems. You can draw a conclusion from your own risers, but the internal sewerage, that is, located directly on your site - your headache.

Components of the water supply system

The scheme of a water pipe in a private house implies a combination of several elements. You can not just pipe the house and make a quality water pipe: empty pipes do not chase water.

First you need to create a source, then connect to it, then connect the piping system inside the house, and only then you can talk about the completion of work.

So, private system water supply, as a rule, consists of:

The source of water, as well as equipment for pumping fluid.
Systems of pipes that drive water from a source into the house.
Intermediate elements that process the resulting liquid.
Pipes of water inside the house, distributing the liquid through the rooms and units.

Modern water supply not only supplies people with water in quantities necessary for hygiene procedures, but also delivers water for heating, irrigation of crops, etc.

Water source

Begin the installation of water pipes from the source of water supply. What will serve as a source is up to you.

It is most convenient to use the following two options. Getting water from:

wells;
wells.

You just can not tell which way is right. In fact, they are equally comfortable, but everyone is suitable for their tasks.

The presence of a well on a suburban area is almost standard. Wells dig where they want, and as they want. Depth of bedding aquifers on most of the habitable territories is at a level of 5-8 meters, so you can get to them if you want, even with your own hands. What, actually, people do.

However, to dig a hole, whose depth is 6-8 meters, no one forces you. You can instead hire a brigade of diggers.

The well gives a certain amount of water, but it is not as much as we would like. To ensure the needs of a dacha, a small country plot or a small house for several people, there will certainly be enough water, but it is unlikely that there will be more.

Another thing is the connection of the pipeline to the well. Installation of the well is also done at almost any site. However, the well is oriented not to the upper aquifers, as well, but to the lower ones.

The depth of the medium well is 15-25 meters. The depth of the artesian well is only beginning from 50 meters. The greater the depth, the more water the well will receive, and the purer it will be.

It is proved that artesian wells, the depth of which in some situations reaches up to hundreds of meters, give a huge amount of water, clean and ready to eat almost without treatment. The maximum is required - easy filtration.

It is equal to 1-2 meters. The diameter of the well is smaller. Its dimensions are 15-40 cm.

And in the first and second case, pumping water is carried out by installing the pump.

Water supply to the house

The pump in the source pumps water, feeding it in large quantities. The resulting liquid must be transported somehow, for which the external water supply pipes are used.

The pipes are connected to the pump, and lead directly from the source to the house. Putting the pipe into the house is carried out, mainly, in the basement rooms, through the walls of the basement.

The main danger when laying pipes outside is their possible freezing. Indeed, in winter the water supply pipe can freeze up corny. Then, at best, it will require its repair, and at worst, a complete replacement. While the pipes need repair, the house remains cut off from the water source, which, you will agree, is absolutely unacceptable.

To protect the pipes use underground channels and. In some situations, a full caisson is built. The caisson is an underground room, the depth of which is 2 meters, and the diameter is 1-1.5 meters. In the caisson is a pump and all necessary equipment, including the feed pipe inlet.

The presence of a caisson simplifies the repair and maintenance of pumping equipment, and also keeps it from freezing.

From the caisson below the ground a pipe is fed into the house. It is also insulated with external thermal insulation.

Heating and cleaning

In the house, where the pipe is organized, install something like an intermediate point of supply of liquid. It is installed, as a rule, in basements or basements.

It includes storage tanks, the connection of which to the wiring system gives us some autonomy, heating devices, filtration systems, etc.

The storage tanks are used to maintain the required level of pressure in the water supply system, as well as the accumulation of water. Heating systems, I think, do not need additional representation. Boilers and boilers - an indispensable part of the technological scheme, preparing water for heating the room and comfortable use.

Filtration systems involve the installation of filters reverse osmosis, coal filters, distillation pipes, etc. Their presence reduces the likelihood that repairs are necessary for the equipment, and they also improve the quality of the water itself.

However, the presence of filters is not necessary, and their installation should be carried out only if you are really sure of the need for cleaning.

Internal wiring and installation

The installation of pipes inside the house is an important and important stage. The installation of pipes can be done by oneself, but only taking into account constructive features distribution of pipes inside the house.

To make the correct distribution of pipes means to simplify your life in the future. With proper wiring for any pipe reduces the risk of destruction, its repair is required very rarely, and the useful return improves.

There are two main types of water distribution systems in private homes. There is a wiring:

parallel;
sequential.

Parallel wiring is better suited for large houses, where the pipes diverge over a multitude of rooms spaced from each other. Serial is suitable for apartment buildings, where the bathrooms are compact.

Installation in parallel circuit

The parallel scheme of laying pipes involves the installation of a number of branches, whose diameter is equal to the minimum values, namely, does not exceed the mark of 30-40 mm, except in rare cases.

The small diameter of the pipe positively plays on cost savings. The point here is that the parallel wiring makes it necessary to make a lot of parallel branches of water supply. Each branch serves its specific direction. There are one or two nodes per branch.

Branches are isolated from each other, the input is carried out in the boiler room, where they are connected to the ready collector output. At each outlet are mounted, allowing you to cut off any pipe from the supply.

Such a scheme allows you to make the safest and most autonomous pipeline possible. Each pipe operates separately, the breakdown at any site is easily localized.

But at the same time, a parallel wiring diagram, even taking into account the fact that the diameter of the pipes for it is minimal, requires a substantial amount of funds, because each branch needs to be laid, and this costs money.

Putting a water supply pipe into a private house (video)

Installation by serial circuit

The sequential scheme assumes a slightly different approach. It has one or two base tubes, the diameter of which starts from 80 mm. These pipes are a kind of clusters, they pass through all the premises with bathrooms.

At the location of the bathroom from the main pipe a smaller branch is withdrawn, whose diameter is calculated depending on the need for water of one or another device.

The larger the diameter, the more water the knot will receive. The sequential scheme is a more traditional option. The same system is going to sewerage.

The large diameter of the pipes slightly increases their cost, but this approach is still cheaper than the parallel one, because in the end you save on the length of the pipes.

Water is needed in all aspects of human life, including in everyday life. Before buying a site for the construction of your dream home, it is worthwhile to think about the water supply system in advance. This issue is relevant as ever, as the number of settlers from urban apartments to the private sector is growing every year.

To conduct water in a private house is not an expensive pleasure, it is better to calculate all the costs in advance and to be financed. Spending is due to the fact that the process itself is not easy. How much does it cost to build a water pipe in a private house? What affects the final cost?

The cost of holding water in a private house

A private house must meet certain technical and household requirements. The hosts usually seek to bring the living conditions in it closer to those who were in the comfortable apartment.

And one of the key factors is the water supply in the house. The 21st century is moving around the world, which means that "convenience on the street" and water trips to the well are in the past.

The cost depends on which source to choose:

Backbone system.
Well.
Autonomous source.

Trunk water is not such a good option, as it may seem:

Unequal accessibility.
Insufficient quality of services, for example, a small pressure of water in the house.
Connection will turn into paper red tape.
Vodokanal's design service is paid separately (the price can vary from 20 thousand rubles, the amount of dependence on the region of residence).

It would be much cheaper to hold a well in a private house, including a storage tank and a pumping station. How much will it cost depends on the depth of the layer and the materials for the finish. Spending can range from 5 thousand rubles, installation and consumables are included.

The most expensive option for a private home is autonomous source. As a rule, it is an artesian well. It justifies the money spent, as it gives you access to an unrestricted supply of quality water.

In addition, it is possible to conduct water in this way without using a pump. Constant pressure in the well causes the liquid to flow to the surface without the use of additional devices.

The cost of a well will be expensive because of the need to register it and drill it to an impressive depth. All works will cost from 100 thousand rubles and above.

The direct costs of wiring through the premises inside a private house depend on the technical design prepared by the specialists. It is also better to entrust all work to professionals.

Well in a private house

The most simple and less expensive way to provide a house with water is a well. Its installation is not a difficult job, so it will not cost much.

A stock of water in the well is replenished, but as long as it is fed by underground sources. In addition, it must be equipped with a filtration system and an accumulation tank to maintain a good head. The quality of water will depend on the type of groundwater.

Wells are exposed to natural precipitation and various drains. With all its drawbacks, the well does not require huge expenses and will last for a long time. Still, the optimal type of water supply in a private home is an autonomous system.

Well for water

A well is expensive, but it's worth it. Wells are divided into two types: artesian and sand.

The second one is the cheaper analogue of the first, with its help extract water at a depth of 35 meters from sandy aquifers.

This is a good option for giving. Before conducting such a water supply, you should familiarize yourself with its nuances:

if the sand layer is located deeper than 35 meters, then an artesian well will have to be drilled;
if in the soil rocks, then drilling is impossible;
even if a sand well is produced in the house next door, there is no reason to believe that drilling will produce the desired result on your site;
the filter will often have to be cleaned due to the sticking of silt, the filter does not change, in case of its full contamination, a new well is drilled;
the filter does not provide complete purification, sand gets into the water, which has a bad effect on the pump operation;
the service life depends on the frequency of use in a private home;
the water pollution in the upper layers varies and depends on the weather conditions.

But it has one significant drawback, it can be used for a maximum of 7 years. But an artesian well will be used for many generations. In both cases, the quality of water is not dependent on any external factors.

Now you know how much it costs to hold water in a private house. Of course, everything is decided by the owner of the house, given the available opportunities, including financial ones.

Artesian well is the most the best option, so it should be considered as a perspective.

Most private sector residents deliberately refuse to connect to the backbone system for objective reasons.

Experts advise to take into account all the nuances and their plans for further residence in the projected private house when choosing a water supply system. This issue is better to work out in advance, even at the stage of buying a plot of land.

Laying a pipeline for water supply is no less important than selecting and connecting pumping equipment, arranging a water source. Incorrectly conducted water distribution in a private house can lead to pressure jumps, disruption of the system. To avoid problems, you need to carefully study all the nuances of the work.

The water distribution can be carried out in two ways - with a serial and parallel connection. The choice of the scheme depends on the number of people living, periodically or permanently staying in the house or on the intensity of using tap water.

There is also a mixed type of wiring, in which the mixers are connected to the plumbing system through the collector, and the remaining plumbing points and household appliances are connected by a serial connection method.

Scheme of serial connection (tee)

It is a series of pipes from a riser or a water heater to the sanitary equipment. First they divert the common pipes, and then, with the help of tees, branches lead to places of consumption.

This method of connection is more economical, fewer pipes and fittings are required for its implementation, it is easy to install. The piping for the tee system is more compact, it is easier to hide under the finishing materials.

But serial connection is more suitable for municipal apartments, for houses with periodic living or with a small number of residents. It can not provide uniform pressure in the system when it is used by several users at the same time - the water pressure will change drastically at the outermost point.

With a sequential pipeline connection hot water discomfort is particularly noticeable - the water temperature changes dramatically, if several people use the water pipe

In addition, if you need to repair or connect a plumbing device will have to disconnect the entire house from water supply. Therefore, for private houses with high water consumption and permanent residence it is better to choose a scheme with parallel water distribution.

Scheme of parallel connection (collector)

Parallel connection is based on bringing individual pipes from the main collector to the water intake points. For cold and hot mains, their collector nodes are installed.

This method requires laying a large number of pipes and, accordingly, creates difficulties in their disguise. But each point of water intake will have stable head water, and with the simultaneous use of several plumbing devices, the water pressure changes will be insignificant.

The collector is a device with one input for water and several terminals, the number of which depends on the number of plumbing units, household appliances using tap water for operation. Collector for cold water mount closer to the entry of the pipe into the house, and for the hot one - at the outlet of the pipe from the water heater. Before the collector, a cleaning filter and a pressure regulating reducer are installed.

Each outlet from the collector is equipped with a shut-off valve, which allows you to disable a specific point of water intake, while the other terminals will operate in normal mode. In addition, each of them can be equipped with a regulator to support certain pressure for individual devices

Separation according to the principle of water supply

Installation dHW systems and CVC can be carried out in two ways:

With a "blind" wiring. The water supply pipe to the last water intake point ends in a dead end. Such a scheme is more advantageous for saving space from an economic point of view, but it can create inconvenience in the operation of the water supply. Water in the last node will arrive with a delay, and only after it reaches the stub, it will begin to flow into the tap.
With closed circulation wiring. With this method, the water is constantly moving in a circle, has the same temperature at each point of the system and is delivered to the user immediately after opening the crane. The peculiarity of this method of wiring is advisable to use it for the hot water system - it is important to avoid sudden temperature changes.

In order not to complicate the plumbing in the house unnecessarily, it is more rational to use a combined version. Cold system Water supply is carried out by means of wiring, hot - by means of a circulating one.

On a simple scheme, the differences in the different schemes of water supply are immediately visible: 1 - standard, "deaf"; From forced circulation; 3 - "blind" using the collector

How to create a scheme yourself

To properly plan a water supply system, you must first make a plan for the house, placing in it all the plumbing devices, equipment that will be connected to the water supply. All dimensions are indicated on a single scale, according to actual room measurements. The more accurately the plan is drawn up, the more accurately it will be possible to determine required amount materials and components.

The water supply scheme should reflect as accurately as possible all points of water intake, the extent and location of pipes for transporting water, and even sewerage, since these communications are often conducted side by side. The number of filters, the volume of the boiler, and the parameters of the pumping equipment are also taken into account.

The layout of the wiring should be simplified as much as possible, trying to avoid crossing the pipes. Water pipes are located closer to the sewer to hide them by a common box. When placing pipes under the floor, the output of the tees is exactly up

Installation of water supply system

A typical wiring diagram for a water system with a well or well can be used to sequentially route the pipeline. It consists of such nodes:

Pump equipment. For a deep well more than 8 meters or a well, only submersible pump. For shallow sources, you can use pump stations in the assembly or surface pumps.
Adapter nipple. It is necessary to connect to the following system elements, which in most cases have a different diameter from the pump outlet.
Check Valve. Prevents water from escaping from the system when the pump is idle, and the water pressure drops.
Trumpet. Pipes made of polypropylene, steel, metal-plastic or other materials are used. The choice depends on the wiring (outdoor or indoor, hidden or open), the price of the material itself, ease of installation. The pipeline, supplying water to the house, is supplied with a heat-insulating layer.
Water-diverting armature. Used for connecting pipes, shutting off water supply, installing the pipeline at an angle, etc. It can include: fittings, cranes, seaweeds, tees, etc.
Group of filters. It is designed to protect the equipment from hitting hard and abrasive particles, reduce the iron content in water and soften it.
Accumulator tank. It is required to create and maintain a stable water pressure, to prevent frequent operation of the pump.
Security group. It is necessary to monitor the pressure in the system - pressure switch, pressure gauge and dry run relay. Automatic control devices help maintain a stable head in the system and extend the life of the equipment.

All the elements of the system are connected in a certain sequence. More details can be considered on the chart. Further, the installation of the system is described using the example of a collector wiring as more complex.

A simple scheme of the water supply system makes it possible to imagine how the wiring from the source to the end point of consumption should be performed (+)

Mounting of the collector unit

The collector unit in a private house is installed in special rooms - boiler rooms or boiler rooms - specially allocated rooms of a residential building, in basements and semi-basements.

In the storey houses collectors are installed on each floor. In small houses, the system can be placed behind the flush tank in the toilet or hidden in a special closet. To save pipes, the collector is located closer to more plumbing fixtures, at approximately the same distance from them.

Installation of the collector unit, if to follow the direction of water, is carried out in this order:

A shut-off valve is installed at the collector connection with the main water supply pipe to shut off the entire system if necessary.
Next, a sediment filter is mounted, which retards large mechanical suspensions, which can lead to equipment failure.
Then another filter is installed, which will remove smaller inclusions from the water (depending on the model - particles from 10 to 150 microns).
The following in the installation diagram - check valve. It blocks the reverse flow of water when the pressure drops.

After installing the above equipment, a collector with a number of terminals is connected to the water supply pipe, which corresponds to the number of water consumption points in the house. If the house is not all plumbing fixtures connected, then the unclaimed terminals of the collector assembly are stubs.

Installation of water pipes of hot and cold water supply system is the same for central water supply. The installation in the house is slightly different: one of the cold water outlets of the collector is connected to a water heater, where hot water is directed to a separate collector unit

Ways of laying water pipes

Pipes in the water supply system can be laid in a closed and open way. The choice of one of the methods does not affect either the quality of the connections or the functionality of the entire system and depends only on personal preferences.

It would seem that it is not difficult to determine and the closed method is preferable as more aesthetic and allows to save up to 10 cm of useful space. Why is the open pipeline used to install the water supply system so far? Let's try to give an answer.

Hidden and open wiring

The hidden layout allows you to hide pipes and not spoil the aesthetic perception of the interior of a house or apartment. They hide it behind a decorative wall, for example, from a plasterboard, or shtrobyat walls and build pipes in the formed niches, covering with facing material or plaster on a grid.

The pipeline should not be close to the surfaces - always leave a small gap for possible repairs. When installing the pipeline in a monolith it is recommended to place them in a casing, inserting the pipe into the pipe.

The disadvantage of the method is manifested when it becomes necessary to repair or replace the hidden elements of the system - the plaster or tiling has to be opened and then re-decorated. In addition, in the event of damage and leaks, the problem may not be immediately apparent and lead, first, to a loss of operational technical specifications structures, then to the flooding of premises.

It is better to start the installation of the water supply system with a pre-designed scheme - otherwise inaccuracies in the calculations or assembly will lead to the fact that you have to groov new grooves and re-assemble the pipes

In order to avoid such complications, when assembling the wiring, only the entire sections of the pipe are hidden, placing the fitting in open areas. In the places of installation of the shut-off valves make an inconspicuous door. This gives access to the pipe connections, which are the weakest links of the system.

It should be noted that pipes not of all materials can be hidden under a layer of plaster - for this purpose only products made of polypropylene, metal-plastic or copper.

Piping open pipe is carried out after completion of the finish. The method assumes an uncovered laying of pipes and water pipe elements. It looks ugly, reduces the useful area of the room, but this method is very convenient for maintenance, repair and dismantling of items. Re-planning and rearrangement of plumbing in the house with such a device of water distribution will also not cause difficulties.

Open wiring makes it possible to quickly locate the leak and eliminate the cause of damage or damage to the system components

General installation rules

Before installing the pipeline, it is necessary to install all the fasteners and finish the welding work. Pipes that were stored or transported at minus temperatures before laying are kept for at least 24 hours at temperatures above 10 ° C. Before you start the installation, you need to align them and further prevent the deflections.

Pipes to the walls and supports are attached with clamps or hooks. The distance from the fasteners to the threaded connections must be more than 5 cm

For interstore risers use pipes with an outside diameter of at least 20 mm, for floor wiring - with a diameter of 16 mm and 14 mm. It is better to use as few collapsible connections as possible. It is necessary that all connecting elements answered the type (series) of pipes and also as armature and revision, were in accessible places.

The horizontal sections of the water pipe must have a slope toward the drainage to allow drainage, the lifting is made towards the device through which air will escape when the system is filled with water. When installing vertical structures, they are not allowed to tilt more than 2 mm per meter.

By performing a vertical installation of the pipeline, the DHW pipes are placed to the right of the HVS pipes. With horizontal wiring, the cold water pipe is placed underneath under hot water to avoid condensation.

When operating a water pipe with hot water supply, a phenomenon occurs such as thermal expansion, which is especially characteristic for products made of polypropylene. In this case, the pipes can be lengthened, this leads to damage and leakage. Correct arrangement of fastenings and self-compensation of such sections of the pipeline, as bends, turns, gaskets "snake" prevent deformation.

Close the channels or conduct pipe embedding only after a trial run of the system and checking it for operability, leakage and damage

Variants of plumbing in video

Wiring the HVS and DHW in a two-story house:

Features of installation of hot water and domestic hot water in the house:

How to compactly assemble the collector unit:

You can install wiring in your own house yourself, but in order to avoid unpleasant consequences from unprofessional work, it is better to ask a specialist to help design the system. Professional tips will help you avoid mistakes, unnecessary expenses and rework.

The functional purpose of the water pipe is to ensure that the owners of the autonomous structure need water in the drinking and economic water, and it is also necessary for firefighting. Arrange a water pipe in a private house is not easy, but it is possible. If the technical regulations and rules for the construction of this communication system are complied with, the water supply system will perform its duties impeccably.

Providing residents of a private house with water, the system must provide each of them with a volume of 30-50 liters per day. In order to service the sewerage system, shower, bathroom, the expenditure per family member needs to be increased approximately three times. For planting the plants, a minimum of 5 liters / m² is required. According to the fire-fighting standards adopted for houses built in the private sector, the engineering system must supply 5 liters of water per second (a condition that is possible only when connected to the facilities of a centralized water supply network).

By type of water supply, water pipes are divided into stationary centralized and decentralized communication systems.

Centralized water supply is connected to networks supplying locality or a nearby company.
The decentralized system "takes" water from an independent source. It can be a well, a well, a river, a spring, etc.

Attention. The power source of the autonomous water supply system must be remote from septic tanks, latrines, compost piles, cesspools at a distance of at least 20 m.

Connection to centralized water supply networks

The easiest way is to run a water pipe to a private house, connecting it to centralized water supply facilities. If you want to connect the user, you will need to contact the organization that owns the water supply system. When registering an official permit with the owner, the terms of connection and use of water are stipulated. At the same time they give out a scheme with the location of the object, to which it is possible to connect and recommend the best ways of laying the pipeline (or offering the services of their employees).

It is advisable to drill a well or dig a well near the house, thereby reducing pipe consumption. In addition, it will be easier to monitor the availability of the source in the winter. Owners do not need to install devices to drain water at minus temperatures.

Decentralized scheme of water supply organization

Important. If you still expect to install drainage device, it should be located below the freezing depth mark. You need to know it in the local weather service. This value will also be required when digging trenches for laying the outside of the water pipe.

The water supply network should have a slope (approximately 0.5 cm per meter of pipeline), which provides a full drain of the fluid from the engineering system. At the end of the pipeline, a drainage rod with a rotary handle is installed or a valve preventing the flow of water from the source.

Regardless of the scheme according to which the water main was connected to a private house, water should be drained from the system that is not used during the frosty period, shut off its flow, remove pumping equipment from the well, pond, wells. Plumbing connected to central networks, overlap in the inspection well, draining all the water through the valve.

Typical scheme of water supply system

Water supply system - a set of smoothly working external and internal parts. In order to carry out the installation of the pipeline in a private house, now predominantly metal-plastic and plastic products or complete sets of pipes, compatible fittings and fittings are chosen.

Water system in autonomous a country house

The autonomous water supply system includes:

Equipment for lifting and supplying water (submersible or surface types of pumps).
Filters that perform fine and coarse water purification.
Objects and devices for water distribution (shut-off valves, water distribution system, water tanks).
Heating installations.
Sewerage (drainage well).
Automatic devices control of pumping and heating equipment.

The pressure in the water main, connected to the centralized network, is provided by the functional of the highway. Decentralized water supply predetermines installation of a pumping station or the installation of a water tank on the site. To do this, build a 3-4-meter trestle, on which the finished plastic or metal tank is installed. It can be replaced old bath, mounted in a board made of boards, with insulation from sawdust, sand, slag or welded two to three barrels.

Water supply in a country house with a supply head pumping station

The device of an external part of a waterpipe

Depending on the period of operation (summer, year-round), the outer part can be hidden in a trench or paved open. Underground communications are installed with a bias towards the source of supply of water at a depth exceeding the values of freezing levels of soil in a particular region. Pipeline, mounted above the earth's surface and above the freezing level, should be wrapped with a layer of heat-insulating material.

Internal water supply system

Draw it necessary to calculate the consumption of materials and so that you do not have to correct errors after installation. Thanks to the simplest drawings and calculations, you do not have to transfer or change the plumbing to other models because of the discrepancy between their dimensions and the size of the sections surrounding the water intake points.

The scheme of organization of internal water supply system

A competent device and a properly made water supply scheme in a private house include:

pipeline;
water-measuring units required for connection to centralized water supply facilities;
plumbing and faucets;
water heaters (if hot water supply is provided);
shut-off and control valves;
a breeding network.

If there are schemes approved in government agencies, you need to compare them with the situation at the site and follow them exactly. In the absence of any technical documentation, it will be necessary to make the working drawings themselves. For this purpose, a plan is drawn, which is marked on the scale of the site of installation of risers and water points.

Important. All independent measurements in the cottage should be performed by one tape measure, so that there is no discrepancy in the values. Correcting them is too expensive and not too easy.

Open laying of water in a private house

Pipes of the water supply network can be "immured" in walls, hidden in the supporting structures of frame houses. Open laying of a water pipe in a private house is carried out only if another option is not possible. It is recommended to reduce the length of pipelines as much as possible, to try to have a minimum number of joints, folds - these are potential causes of leaks. Direct angles that reduce the amount of pressure are also not very desirable.

Pipes for laying the water supply system

Water pipes should be light, strong, inert to temperature and chemical effects. Therefore, often the installation of a water pipe in a private house is carried out using polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), PVC pipes (PVC) pipes or products made of metal-plastic.

With the installation of a plastic water pipe without problems, a novice can handle, right on the site of plastic pipes you can assemble a system of any complexity.
Strong, practically monolithic connections of elements are carried out by means of soldering.
Pipes made of plastic can be bent, thereby reducing the number of emergency points and areas.
No welding is necessary, since for the connection of parts and assemblies of metal with plastic pipes, combined fittings with metal inserts are used.
The plastic pipeline can be upgraded during operation.

Among the priorities of plastic pipes is the excellent torsional stiffness required in the event that the electric pump develops a high torque. The diameter of the pipeline is selected, being guided by the pump power and the depth of immersion of this equipment. Often the diameter is 40-50 mm.

For the laying of the plastic pipeline, sliding supports are used, which equip each meter of communications. The sections, the length of which exceeds 3 m, are fixed with the ready-made ring compensators.

Technology of installation of water supply system

Inside the structure of the water supply system is the piping to the water intake points in the kitchen, in the shower, in the combined bathroom or in the bathroom (and the wash basin, if it is in the toilet).

Regardless of the complexity of the system, the water distribution system in a private house usually begins with the installation of ball valves that equip the risers. These devices are necessary for emergency shutdowns.

Start of installation of water supply system - installation ball valve

Pipes are laid with a slight slope directed towards the risers, metal-plastic elements are connected by compression fittings, plastic by the method of specific soldering with a special soldering iron.
The equipment connected to the water supply system chosen by the owner of the water supply system is connected: regulating head and reserve tanks, heating equipment, if planned, devices for calculating water flow and automatic adjustment.

Important. When included in the communication water supply network electrical devices must be carried out measures to ensure grounding and lightning protection.

Optimize the operation of the water supply system will help install local cleaning devices, devices for pumping waste water, devices for sound insulation.

The scheme of installation of filters for a waterpipe

Care and maintenance

The working condition of the water pipe must be constantly monitored. Leaks and other malfunctions must be immediately eliminated, spare tanks washed and cleaned. The sections of communications laid in the ground are covered with insulating materials with bitumen content, the outer pipeline is painted.

In cases of small breaks, the repair of a water pipe in a private house consists in the installation of a bandage with a rubber gasket on the damaged area. Replace the rubber gasket in the absence of a factory product will help a flap cut from the boot of an old rubber boot, gloves, medical harness. The size of the "patch" should be noticeably larger than the damage site. The gasket is fixed with a coupler or clamp.

The bandage can be glued to the site with leakage. Instead of a rubber gasket for glutinous repairs, fiberglass is used, the epoxy resin serves as a binder. The length of the glued flap should allow it to wind around the pipe with a hole at least 6 times.

Repair of a water pipe in a country house is carried out with the help of clamps

If you need to repair at a fast pace, the method is applied cold welding. The composition simply smears the place of the leak, previously degreased with acetone. It will be 10 minutes and the pipeline will stop passing water.

Fistula in new pipes is repaired by screwing the bolt in the hole drilled for it. This method is not suitable for repairing old pipes, since attempts to make a carving will lead to an increase in fistula.

The water pipe in an autonomous structure is a criterion of normal civilized conditions residence, to refuse which is meaningless. Water performs many significant functions. Even if according to the results of the tests it is not potable, on the private plot the water is needed for irrigation, maintenance of own equipment and territory. Without water hygiene procedures are unreal, it is necessary for extinguishing fires. Nobody convinces the owners that it's easy to arrange a water supply system, but it's possible to do it, and you can do it yourself.