What is the pressure in the heating boiler. Features of the construction of a closed type tank. Manual or automatic replenishment
The widely spread open heating system has a number of serious shortcomings. One of them is direct contact with the atmosphere. As a result, a coolant flows through the pipes, in which there is air. Air bubbles can gradually cause corrosion of the metallic elements of the heating system, and also cause "noise" of the coolant. All this can be avoided by doing the entire private heating system of a private house.
How does closed water heating work?
The main feature of such systems (and what does not have an open circuit) is complete isolation from the influence of the environment. In a closed heating system, which you can do with your own hands, includes the following elements:
- boiler;
- automatic air valve;
- thermostatic valve;
- radiators of heating;
- expansion tank;
- balancing valve;
- ball valve;
- pump and filter;
- manometer;
- safety valve.
How does it work water heating closed type? If the coolant temperature rises, excess liquid is squeezed out into the expansion tank. When the temperature falls, the liquid returns to the system, i. E. A constant pressure is maintained in a rather narrow range.
For effective circulation of the coolant, a pump is used (the open system can have a natural circulation). The truth here is also a minus - in the absence of electricity closed system normally can not function (the absence of electricity for a suburban private house is a very pressing problem). But the advantages of using a "pump" are more than compensate for shortcomings - and for the apartment and for a private house it is possible to install additional heating systems. In particular, you can make a warm floor.
The circulation pump is installed on reverse pipe ("Return") in front of the heating boiler. An expansion tank is immediately installed here. Such an arrangement of these important elements allows one to be uncritical of the diameter of the pipes used in the installation and the compliance of the slope, which must necessarily have an open water heating system.
As a result, the installation of such a heating system is less time consuming, materials (for example, it is not necessary to insulate the pipeline, since the expansion tank is installed next to the boiler). However, it is not necessary to "abuse" such advantages. This is especially true of the slope (it is better to do it anyway) - if it is observed, the system in the event of a power outage is at the very least, but it will still work, i.e. The defrosting does not threaten it.
In the video below you can see a detailed example of the organization of closed type heating using solid fuel and electric boilers.
The closed heating system is insulated from air penetration. However, its operation does not ensure 100% airtightness: air can fill the pipes, for example, when refilling in the coolant system. In this case, it will accumulate at the top points. To get rid of it it is possible by means of the crane of the Majewski or float collectors working on the "automatic machine". The air already dissolved in water is removed with the help of special separators installed directly in the pipeline.
Good results in terms of saving heat gives the use of a thermostat. It includes the main electricity consumer (pump) only when the room temperature falls below a set limit.
How to choose a boiler for closed heating
The closed house heat supply scheme provides for the use of any type of fuel. This can be gas (the most efficient and profitable option), electricity, diesel or solid fuel.
Pay attention to the power of the boiler. The approximate value for the insulated room, which has ceilings up to 3 meters high, is 1 kW per 10 "squares" of the area of the private house.
The figure, voiced above - is very, very approximate. It all depends on many factors: the material that they are building the building, the quality of the insulation, the presence (absence) of a heated attic or attic. The efficiency of heating is affected by the number of windows and the way in which their installation was performed. Therefore, competent heat calculation is required, which can be done by a qualified engineer.
The heating boiler can be single-circuit, double-circuit or with a boiler. As practice shows, mostly country houses have a small area and, consequently, a small need for hot water. From this point of view the best choice there will be a two-circuit boiler (its installation is simple), capable of heating for 30 minutes to + 30 ° C about 10 liters of water. The boiler with the storage boiler is more comfortable - it constantly "has" already ready several tens of liters of hot water - constant filling is not required.
Expansion tank for closed type heating
Most often in the heating system of a private house the role of the coolant is played by water. As the temperature rises, its volume increases, the pressure increases. If the scheme of closed heat supply is used, the pressure can overcome a certain critical value and then the elements of the heating system will be destroyed.
To avoid such a development of events, the installation of a private house heating system implies the use of expansion tank.
Features of the construction of a closed type tank
Any tank of this type has two main parts: a body made of metal and an elastic membrane inside.
The scheme of its operation is quite simple: air is pumped into the upper half of the tank (in expensive modifications - inert gas), the lower part is filled with water from the pipeline.
When the coolant is heated, the pressure rises, the membrane "bends", sealing the air or inert gas. To prevent dangerous situations, there are safety valves. When the pipeline with water cools, the pressure of air on the membrane becomes stronger than the pressure of the coolant, and it fills the heating system. The expansion tank is installed next to the heating boiler. Membranes are of 2 types.
- Fixed - tightly fixed around the perimeter of the expander. Such devices can be found in the heating tanks of a private house or a small enterprise.
These membranes will last a long time if you follow the operating instructions. In the case of a rupture, you can not change such a membrane - you will have to change the entire tank;
- Replaceable - they are made in the form of rubber pears, balls, which must be filled with water. Installation of such a membrane is performed on the flange of the tank. If there is a gap, then you can replace the damaged membrane with a new one yourself, without involving specialists.
When planning the heating scheme, it is important to calculate first the capacity of the heating boiler, take into account the number of radiators and the length of the pipeline.
Careful planning and calculation of the water heating system, and the installation carried out in accordance with the received data, will help you achieve efficient, economical and efficient heating.
Closed heating system in a private house
Features & Benefits
Heating systems differ in the configuration of the expansion tank - a special tank that compensates for the thermal expansion of the coolant. An open tank is installed in the gravity system - the liquid through the pipes moves without installing a circulation pump for heating. The transfer of the coolant occurs due to the natural circulation of the medium, which changes the density during heating and under the influence of gravity.
A special feature of the closed system is the use of a closed-type expansion tank, which is a sealed container equipped with an elastic membrane inside. This ensures efficient work under pressure and eliminates the contact of liquid with air.
Internal arrangement of expansion tanks of closed type With forced circulation
A closed-type heating system in a private house can have circulation pump, causing the coolant to actively move, maximally warming up all the heating appliances or the contour of the warm floor.
Closed heating system with forced circulation has several advantages:
- heating of the fluid under pressure is faster;
- the risk of pipeline and radiator venting is reduced;
- prevents the evaporation of the coolant (which is especially important when using antifreeze), penetration of oxygen into the liquid, which provokes corrosion of the metallic elements of the system;
- due to installation a membrane tank below the boiler, and not at the top of the outline, as in open systems, installation and maintenance are simplified;
- fluid movement under low pressure simplifies the calculation and installation of the pipeline - unlike the gravity system, in this version there are no strict requirements for the angle of inclination of the pipes and it is possible to use pipes of smaller diameter;
- there is no need to use large diameter pipes and install them in an open way to have access to any part of the system for eliminating air congestion.
Example with induction boiler The heating system of a private house with a circulation pump and a membrane expansion tank provides better heating of the premises in comparison with the gravitational one. But at the same time it has one significant drawback - energy dependence. The operation of the pump requires electricity, so this option is not suitable for buildings in a remote location with little or no electricity supply.
With natural circulation
The gravitational heating system is non-volatile, and this is its advantage. Typically, this is a heating system with a solid fuel boiler or furnace, less commonly used liquid fuel units.
Heating without a pump is suitable for a relatively small area of housing, it is important to correctly calculate the diameter of the pipes for each part of the system and design a scheme for their installation, observing the optimal angle of inclination of the pipeline links. It is necessary to reduce the risk of ejection and ensure effective promotion of the coolant.
In a closed heating system with natural circulation, the circulation pump can be added at any time, increasing its efficiency. This is the best option for the area where there are problems with power supply. In this case, in the temporary absence of electricity, the house will not remain without heat - a closed-type system in a private house will work as a gravitational system.
Natural circulation Note! The use of a membrane tank in a gravity system adversely affects its functioning, since the liquids in closed system Heating needs to overcome the resistance of the membrane in a sealed container. For gravity systems, an open tank is preferred, and a circulating pump is usually added to the circuit with a membrane expansion tank.
The scheme
The scheme of the closed heating system is single-tube and two-pipe. The choice depends on the conditions of use and the requirements for efficiency.
Single-pipe circuit The closed heating system is suitable for buildings of small dimensions. It can be mounted in two-story house, and for each floor should be no more than 5 radiators. One-pipe circuit (Leningrad) has a significant drawback - the radiators are connected in series, and the farther from the boiler the heating device is located, the lower the temperature of the coolant that passes through it. The radiators closing the chain should be heating devices with an increased heat-transfer area in comparison with the first ones.
Diagram of a two-pipe heating system The two-pipe scheme of the closed heating system is more effective, since it allows delivering a coolant of one temperature to all radiators. This option is suitable for large-area houses, including several floors.
Mounting Features
Solid fuel aggregates, two-circuit and single-circuit, tend to form condensation in the combustion chamber, which causes corrosion and damages the metal. In order to avoid this effect, a mixing unit is added to the strapping circuit, which includes a three-way valve and a bypass. Thanks to the valve, the coolant circulates through a small circuit until it reaches the required temperature, and then access to the boiler for the heating medium from the heating circuit opens. Solid fuel boilers with strapping of this type are safe in operation and serve as long as possible.
Tying the heating unit with pipes The closed-type heating system is designed to operate in an autonomous mode and use temperature sensors to maintain a comfortable microclimate. This is taken into account when choosing a version of the boiler - it is recommended to use an automated unit. Gas and electric boilers are equipped with automation, if a solid fuel boiler is connected to the heating system, it is better to choose a long-term combustion unit, pyrolysis or pellet.
Security group
The supplying coolant pipeline at the outlet of the boiler is equipped, which is responsible for controlling the operation of the heat generator. It consists of a manometer (measures pressure), an automatic air vent (for bleeding gases), a safety valve (resets surpluses of the coolant at elevated pressure). The security group (GB) can be purchased in ready-made form or installed on the collector appropriate devices, purchased separately.
Attention! It is prohibited to mount a shut-off valve between the safety group and the boiler connection.
Expansion tank
Closed-type heating involves the installation of a device to compensate for the increase in the volume of the heating medium. The membrane expansion tank is a sealed container with an elastic inner partition of a pear-shaped or disk-like shape. The heated coolant, increasing in volume, stretches the membrane and fills a part of the tank. As cooling, the volume of liquid decreases, and the membrane tends to assume the same shape, displacing the coolant from the container. Due to this, a certain level of pressure is maintained in the system.
Principle of operation of the expansion tank The volume of the membrane tank is calculated specifically for each system. It should make up at least 10% of the total volume of the coolant in the circuit (boiler capacity, all heating appliances and pipes), when it comes to water, or from 15% if antifreeze is chosen as the coolant.
Circulation pump
Circulation of water is provided by a special pump, the choice of which takes into account thermal power, the heated area, the length of the pipeline, the scheme of the autonomous system, the diameter of the pipes and a number of other factors.
It is recommended to choose a wet type circulation pump, where the coolant passes through the rotor - with such a device heating system Significantly less noise during operation. Installation of the system involves the installation of a pump on return pipeline.
Correctly mounted circulating pump If the system is designed for operation with natural and forced circulation, depending on the availability of electrical power, it is necessary to provide a bypass through which the coolant will pass bypassing the pump.
Filling the system
Home masters, heating system with their own hands, it is important to understand in advance how to properly fill the heating system in a private house to prevent the formation of air congestion.
For the first start of heating in a private house, it is advisable to invite a specialist who will check the correctness of the scheme and the quality of the installation of the elements, and control the operation of the boiler. But in the future, after preventive maintenance, the heating system needs to be filled again with a coolant, so you need to know how to do it without errors.
Pump for filling the heating system Note! It is recommended to fill the closed heating system with an assistant. One person will fill the circuit with water or antifreeze, and the second will monitor the descent of the air from the pipes.
Filling with water
At the top of the properly installed heating system is located. Before the circuit is filled with water, the valve must be fully opened in order for the expelled air to flow through it.
The return pipeline is mounted under a slope and a drain cock is installed at the bottom point, which allows the coolant to be removed from the system. Near, just below the boiler, there must be a branch pipe with a non-return valve, which serves to fill the heating system.
A water pipe can be connected to the branch pipe, in this case, to fill the heating system with water, it is enough to turn the valve. In the absence of a stationary pipe, the branch pipe is connected to the water pipe using a flexible hose. Filling the closed heating system with water requires that the water be supplied at a pressure slightly higher than the design operating pressure.
Checking the battery after filling with water The water supply to the system is completed when all the heating devices and pipes are full - the coolant starts to drain from the upper air valve. At the final stage of pouring, close the upper air valve and open the Mayevsky cranes on all the batteries in turn to eliminate air bubbles. Water injection stops when all air from the system is eliminated and the pressure gauge on the safety group shows the design pressure (1.5 atm or more, depending on the boiler characteristics).
If a two-circuit boiler with a water make-up module is used in a closed heating system, the procedure for connecting the filling hose to a special tap for the injection of the coolant that is part of the module.
If it is a question of a system with a gas boiler and a water circuit, it is important to know how to start the unit. The front cover is removed from the boiler to allow access to the circulation pump for swapping. After filling the system with your own hands and checking for leaks, the unit is turned on, setting the operating mode. With the circulation pump, which starts to gurgle, with a screwdriver, slightly unscrew the lid to let the air out and start to drip the water. Then the lid is screwed back and after 3-4 minutes the operation is repeated two to three times at short intervals. The unit starts to work quietly and the burner ignites. Check the gauge reading and briefly open the feeder valve to create the pressure corresponding to the design pressure.
Filling with antifreeze
The use of non-freezing liquid as a coolant has its own characteristics. We'll figure out how to fill the closed-type heating system with antifreeze, given that it can not be poured through an expansion tank or fed from a water pipe.
Filling with antifreeze The system is populated as follows:
- Option 1. Non-freezing liquid is pumped by a manual pressure test pump, which will provide the necessary pressure.
- Variant 2. An electric pump is used, capable of pumping liquids of different density.
- Option 3. Pouring is carried out through a hose, the lower end of which is connected to the nozzle check valve, and the top is raised above the top of the system (in the attic, the roof, the second floor). After completion of the work, the remaining coolant from the hose is poured into the filled container.
Pressure in the system and make-up
Stable working pressure is the key to efficient operation of the heating system. We'll figure out why pressure in the heating system is falling. This is due to a reduction in the volume of the heat carrier, which is caused by unavoidable leaks in the nodes and junctions, the ejection of liquid from the air vents in the process of manually radiating the radiators, etc.
From the pressure drop below the required values, the automatic make-up valve connected to the water pipe will save. In small systems, a mechanical valve is mounted, but in this case the user needs to regularly check the pressure gauge and add the necessary volume of the coolant manually.
The conclusion. The ability to properly fill a closed-type heating system will allow you to properly prepare it for the heating season and perform the start-up after carrying out repair or maintenance work.
For a small country house a heating system open type, in which the coolant will circulate naturally, but for a larger area it is inefficient. The best option for a country house - closed heating system, which has two differences. First, the coolant moves forcibly - driven by a pump, and secondly, the expansion tank is closed (membrane).
Components and principle of operation of such a system
The main elements of the closed system are:
- boiler heating;
- circulation pump;
- expansion membrane tank;
- heating radiators;
- pipes.
Equally important are connecting and auxiliary elements: filters, fittings, valves, valves, fasteners, cranes. Consider the sequence of the entire system. To do this, you need a closed-circuit heating scheme.
Selection of the correct equipment parameters
In order to select the appropriate boiler type and power, the following factors must be considered:
- the area of the whole house;
- number of floors (take into account the basement and the attic, if there is heating required);
- quality of thermal insulation of premises;
- type of fuel.
If the insulation of the house is medium and the ceiling height is about 3 m, 1 kW of boiler power is required for every 10 m². Also it is necessary to calculate fuel consumption and stop on a more advantageous option.
The greatest popularity among owners of private houses gas boilers, in the absence of gas - solid fuel
Radiators can be steel, aluminum, cast iron. There is no fundamental difference between modern models, so you can choose those that are easy to transport and install - for example, panel steel radiators of convenient height 50 cm. The number depends on the area of rooms, the availability of windows and doors. Suppose, for a kitchen area of 18 m², two radiators of 60 cm length are required. Attachments are recommended to be installed directly under the windows to create a barrier for cold air from the street.
The choice of pipes depends on the type of system, since the closed one-pipe system needs a smaller footage. Experts recommend another option. They believe that a two-pipe system, in which two pipes are connected to each radiator, is more effective. The best option - horizontal bottom wiring sequential type.
Long pipes, convenient to install and corrosion resistant pipes made of metal-plastic, suitable diameter - 20-25 mm. To calculate the total length, you should measure the overall system footprint, multiply by 2, add stock. Start the installation from the boiler, moving from a diameter of 25 mm to a diameter of 20 mm. On both sides of the boiler, cranes are mounted - for a possible replacement or emergency. Next, on the feed pipe, establish a security group.
Designing a private house involves calculating the scheme of the heating system, which is open and closed (assuming the installation of an expansion tank). The second option is considered the most preferable among the owners of cottages, as it makes it possible to significantly save on the consumption of resources. The main advantage of this system is that the coolant does not come in contact with air, so it does not expose the corrosion equipment.
The main element of the closed-type heating system is the boiler to which the pipeline is connected. The tank and the circulation pump are also installed. Typically, this method of heating implies that the carrier moves through the pipes forcibly. This is a volatile method, since the devices operate on electricity. When the light is turned off, care must be taken to continue operating in the normal mode. To do this, install a special adapter - bypass, which blocks the pump and converts it into a closed heating system with natural circulation.
If it is a single-tube heating option, it is important to ensure a uniform distribution of the media along the radiators in a private house. From the boiler all the rooms are allowed a pipe to which the batteries are mounted. Without the pump, only the elements in the immediate vicinity of the heater will be hot. The remaining rooms will keep cold air. This problem is solved by a closed heating system with forced circulation. Thanks to the scheme, pressure is created, in which the carrier receives a certain speed, sufficient to ensure all the radiators.
In the two-pipe version, the approach is also rational, especially for large areas. This type of heating implies the connection of two parallel lines. One hot liquid dispenses on batteries under pressure in the event that it acts forcibly. On another pipe, the cooled carrier is returned to the boiler, bypassing the expansion tank.
There is a horizontal and vertical wiring. The first type involves combining all the batteries into a single line connected to a common riser. Most often this method is used in multi-apartment buildings. The second option is considered more efficient, it is usually mounted in a private house. The supply pipes are located on top, which ensures good heat transfer in closed systems.
The size of the tank determines the size of the tank. The parameter should be 10% of all heating equipment. Boilers with automation allow you to monitor processes, adjust pressure and temperature. The overheating sensor activates the safety valve when the liquid is boiling, protecting the equipment from breakage. The equipment from freezing works in the same way.
Principle of operation
To understand what a closed system of heating, you need to understand the intricacies of its functioning. The liquid coolant heats up to the set temperature and starts moving along the radiators and pipes, transferring energy to the room and heating. The microclimate in a private house depends on the volume and state of the fluid. The hotter it is and the more its quantity, the more comfortable it is to be in the rooms.
When the valve is opened, excess water is discharged into the expansion tank of the heating system, which is equipped with two chambers separated by a partition. The first compartment serves to store the reserve fluid, the second contains nitrogen under pressure. This scheme helps maintain pressure at one level. Forcibly the carrier is returned back by a pump, in a refrigerated state. To drain the water at the lowest point, install a branch pipe with a valve.
No matter how reliably the heating system with forced circulation can be isolated, air can get into it when filling and then recruiting water. At this time, the joints are depressurized. To remove the bubbles, standard tapers and Maevsky cranes are used. When installing separators in the pipeline, deaeration and the stability of the functioning of all elements are guaranteed.
Advantages and disadvantages
The closed heating system has its positive and negative sides:
1. Installation is much faster than the arrangement of an open type.
2. Membrane and non-pressure tanks do not allow the liquid to volatilize.
3. Even with small diameter pipes, efficiency is maintained.
4. The impossibility of getting oxygen presupposes protection against corrosion.
5. Water or antifreeze is used as the carrier in the heating system.
6. The expansion tank can be installed near the boiler.
7. High heat output ensures stable heating.
As the disadvantages noted the following factors:
- The use of a pump implies dependence on electricity.
- For a closed type, a large tank is required.
- Without automation, it is difficult to regulate temperature and pressure.
- If you plan to use force, you need to install the pump.
Basic nuances of setup and startup
The scheme for connecting the heating system is to install the boiler in a ventilated room. At the output, a safety assembly with a pressure gauge, air vent and pressure relief valve is assembled. Then connect the circulating pump with a capacity of approximately 40 liters per minute for a house with an area of 200 m 2. The podium for the equipment is faced with non-combustible material containing asbestos. Close the expansion tank. In accordance with the wiring diagram, through holes for pipes are made and locking equipment is installed.
The next step is to fill the system. Before the procedure, it must be ensured that the quality of the coolant meets the requirements. Water is better to be pre-cleaned, antifreeze is prepared in advance. It is important not to forget to rinse the pipeline, remove the scale and dirt from the radiators.
To pump a carrier for heating a private house, it is necessary to check the condition of the drain valves and the Mayevsky cranes, they must be closed until they stop. The water is supplied under low pressure to evenly remove air. In the process, oxygen is removed from the radiators. As soon as the delivery of the carrier is over, it is necessary to start increasing the pressure, following the indicators of the manometer. At a mark of 2 atmospheres, air is discharged by means of Mayevsky cranes, then injection is again started. It is necessary to pump the liquid until it is discharged from the overflow.
To fill the equipment with the boiler and the pump in the absence of a centralized supply, it is necessary in this way: connect the discharge hose to the drain pipe to get a straight line from the well to the valve. All valves open to air outlet, allowing you to pump required amount liquid.
If the pump is not provided, the hose is lifted to a height of 20 meters, it is necessary to fill the heating circuit through it. This method helps to create water pressure in 1.5 atmosphere. The threaded connection on which the expansion tank is attached is removed to prepare a funnel for the pipeline. After full injection, it is returned to its place. In the process, it is necessary to monitor the manometer.
At the conclusion of the work, the equipment is included to understand if the filling is correctly done and the pressure is selected. If an error has been made, the radiators will remain cold, the water will flow from the tank, typical sounds will be heard in the batteries: gurgling, tapping.
The heating system in a private house of a closed type assumes a natural or forced circulation, vertical wiring. In order to achieve the optimal temperature regime in the premises, it is important to correctly set up and start the equipment, prepare the carrier, and correctly inject it. Thanks to a well-executed work, the radiators will warm up instantly, and the system will function without interruption.
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The open heating system is currently in a strong demand, but it has a number of shortcomings that have a very negative effect on the efficiency of this design (read: ""). The most important drawback is the contact with the atmosphere: the air in the system contributes to the rapid deterioration of the pipeline and worsens the performance of the system. It was to avoid this process that the scheme of the closed-type heating system, which is not affected by the atmosphere, was developed.
The principle of closed heating
What does the closed-circuit heating scheme look like? Basic constructive feature, which determines the name of such a system - its tightness. The closed-type heating system, the scheme of which includes elements, some of which is used in other types of heating, looks like this:- boiler;
- air valve;
- thermostat;
- heating devices;
- expansion tank;
- balancing valve;
- ball valve;
- pump and filter;
- manometer;
- safety valve.
The closed-type heating system is protected against air ingress, but this process can not be eliminated. For example, when the liquid is poured into the system, some amount of air will still be able to seep into the pipeline. The air that enters the pipes will accumulate at the top of the system and form air plugs that will degrade the system and increase the risk of malfunctions.
To lower the air entering the system, it is possible to use the Mayevsky crane or float valves, which work automatically. If air is dissolved in water, then it can be removed with the help of separators, which are installed directly in the pipeline.
To save heat, the closed-type heating system uses a thermostat that automatically switches the pump on and off when the room temperature changes.
Choice of boiler for closed heating system
Closed heating system in a private house is able to work with any type of fuel: you can use and gas devices, and electricity, and solid fuel. The choice of a suitable boiler should primarily be affected by the results of calculations of the required heat output. You can assign the calculations to a specialist, but you can do it yourself - but in this case the result will be approximate.
There are different types of heating boilers: one-circuit, two-circuit or with a boiler. AT country houses often installed two-circuit boilers, because their effectiveness in small areas is quite sufficient. A boiler equipped with a boiler is a little more convenient: there is always hot water, and it does not need to be filled constantly.
Choice of expansion tank for closed heating
The coolant in the heating systems of private houses is usually ordinary water. When heated, water has the property of expanding, thereby increasing the pressure in the system. If the pressure in the sealed system exceeds the critical point, a pipeline breakthrough may occur. How to make a closed heating system that will not damage the pipes?To solve this problem, expansion tanks have been created, which allow eliminating excess fluids, thereby preventing pressure build-up.
The expansion tank consists of two parts: a metal body and an elastic diaphragm, which is located inside and divides the body into two halves. The "rear" part of the tank is filled with air or gas, and the expanded part gets into the lower part of the liquid. When the temperature rises, the water continues to increase in volume, acting on the membrane, which begins to contract.
In the event that the pressure in the system is still critically high, there are safety valves (read also: ""). When the liquid cools, the diaphragm begins to expand, filling the closed-type heating system with water by pushing it out of the tank.
The expansion tank is usually installed near the boiler.
Membranes in tanks can be of two types:
- Fixed. Such a membrane is fixed around the perimeter of the expander and ensures stable operation, but in case of damage it will be necessary to change the entire tank.
- Replaceable. Membranes of this type are usually produced in the form of bulk rubber products that are filled with water. Replaceable membranes are installed on the flange of the tank, and in the event of a rupture, the replacement can be made independently.
The heating system is an important element of the house, and its calculation must be carried out in accordance with all the rules. The question is, which is better: a closed heating system by one's own hands or built by professionals remains open, but it is not the most important.
It is very important to choose the right elements of the system, which will ensure maximum efficiency and economy, will be reliable and quality. Closed heating system, the scheme of which is depicted in the photo, can be an excellent choice, ensuring the fulfillment of all requirements.
If everything was done correctly, the closed heating system will heat the building for many years, creating a cozy and comfortable environment.
