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Than to cover the pipe at the entrance to the well. Sealing well rings in different ways

If your well was built of concrete rings, then after a few years water will flow through their seams, and cracks form in the walls. Therefore, people should always be ready for such situations and it is necessary to know what to cover with seams in the well.

Over time, the well requires sealing of seams

In those situations where during the construction of wells, due attention has been paid to sealing the joints or the soil of the site is mobile, sealing of the joints will be much faster.

Common problems in the presence of a well

The most vulnerable to the impact of the environment and moisture are the butt joints of the well. This is due to the fact that no measures are taken to prevent possible leakage during the development of the roofer. The links are simply lowered to each other using a conventional cement slurry. As a result of this shortcoming, the well is subjected to such changes:

inside penetrate surface waters, with soil particles contaminating the liquid there;
during the melting of snow, spring flood, there is a leak;
in the places where the grooves are located, there is a violation of filtration;
the leakage of liquid through the surface of the walls of the roving is often enough;
cracks form on the walls;
there is destruction of concrete;
clouding of water.

Muddy water is a sign of the disturbed work of a well

If you do not start repairing the well in time, serious water problems can arise and this well will have to be abandoned.

Popular materials for spreading seams in the well

Today, the sealing of seams in the well is quite common, and therefore there is a huge selection of various materials. Each of the materials is effective in a variety of situations:

Prepared dry joints. These materials for seaming the seam in the well are created on the basis of cement mixed with chemically active additives. This improves the waterproof property. The main advantage is that these fees perfectly adhere to concrete surfaces. Waterproofing can be done using such substances as Penetron and WaterPlag. Thanks to them, an almost integral surface is created that does not collapse for several decades. You can buy these compounds in the building stores.
A solution of bitumen and gasoline. A similar solution for sealing joints can be done with your own hands. It is enough just to stock up with bitumen and gasoline, the latter should be no lower than the rate of 3. Cracks in the well with this solution are embedded in three layers. The first - priming, the solution is made in a proportion of 1: 3. The remaining two times the solution is created in a 1: 1 ratio. Apply the resulting mixture, using a special equipment that must supply liquid for building materials, it can be a cement gun. This solution is flammable, therefore, in the process of joining the grooves, all fire safety rules must be observed.
Hydraulic fracture for a well is a material that hardens and expands rather quickly. One of the most popular seals is Hydrostop. Characterized by full water resistance, resistance to temperature changes, perfectly tolerates any aggressive effects, including thaw salts. Excessively high costs stand out among the shortcomings. Three kilograms of foot on average cost from 800 to 1000 rubles.
Warming tape. This material It is used only in those cases when it is necessary to immediately eliminate the flow of the well, and at hand there are no other means by which the grooves can be closed. Their use is made by the method of caulking. It should be noted that this material can be used only if the well grooves do not exceed 70 millimeters. It is important to understand that the insulation tape is not designed for long-term use, so if you have a question about how to seal the seams, it is better to give preference to another material.

Hydraulic Fracture - effective method waterproofing

Features of the use of hydroplating

At this stage of time, two ways of using seals to eliminate the course of the rovennik are distinguished:

A simple solution. It is manufactured according to the instructions. The substance is diluted in a clean container with water (it should be heated to 20 degrees) in a ratio of 5: 1. It should be noted that the ratio of water and the preparation varies depending on the size of the crack, which must be sealed. The solution should be made in small portions, as it very quickly freezes. Therefore, immediately after rapid stirring, squeeze the solution into the previously widened hole in the roving ring. Then the solution should be held for 2-3 minutes.
Using other materials. If the well grooves are deep enough, then with one only hydroplomb can not cope, you need auxiliary substances. In the role of such materials, it is often enough to have a linen or jute rope, which is impregnated with fibreoresin.

But with all the variety of methods for concealing leaks, it is necessary to understand that there is always the possibility of flowing in another part of the well and this can only be got rid of by treating the inner surface of the mine with a special soft compound.

Correction of large and small damages in the well

If there are small cracks or other types of damage in your well, they can be removed with a special mixture that does not allow liquid to pass through. Buy this mixture can be in any construction shop. But before proceeding with the application of this substance, all weakened portions of the groove should be cleaned.

It should be noted that occasionally large cracks are not visible, and in order to understand the size of the defect, it needs to be slightly expanded.

Quite often, internal damage can be detected in the links, which it is difficult to notice with the naked eye.

In those situations where you have discovered a large crack, then after stripping the deformed area, the hole must be sealed first from the outside, and then from inside the rover. It is recommended to apply a solution on the outside of the hole to prevent penetration of moisture. This will prevent the grooves from blurring.

In order to be able to work with the problem area on the link of the well, it is necessary to dig a pit around it to the depth where the deformation is located. After removing the crack, the pit should be backfilled and tamped.

Specificity of seaming with displaced concrete rings

If the concrete links of the well are displaced, then eliminating the leakage will require much more time and physical strength.

In order to hide the slots properly, it is necessary to follow this plan:

deformed area is dug out;
the concrete link is completely disassembled;
further, the displaced links return to their places, but already taking the correct position;
in the place of all connecting lines it is recommended to install metal braces - this will contribute to the qualitative connection of the structure;
all grooves are covered with a special solution;
on the outside of the trunk, a compound is applied to prevent moisture from seeping into it;
the blind area is newly created.

Despite the fact that this method of eliminating the deformation of the grooves requires free time, it is quite qualitative and for several decades your well will be in excellent condition.

It should be understood that if you do not have the skills to repair a well, it's best to ask for help from specialists, but you will definitely be sure of the result.

Sealing of the inner surface

First of all, it is worthwhile to find out when it is necessary to carry out the sealing of concrete wells.

So, it is necessary in the following cases:

if the water became unpleasant to smell and clouded (this refers to drinking wells);
when the concrete rings moved down;
when the liquid level in the structure has risen significantly.

How can the concrete well be sealed from the rings?

There are several ways to seal joints, they include:

application of plaster;
use of a roll material (after application it is stained);
putty with a mixture (gasoline + bitumen);
insert in the design.

It is also worth noting that two mixtures are used for the plastering process (the first one: waterproof, which does not shrink, and the second: high-quality pozzolanic).

Let us consider in detail the ways of putting seams.

The first method: plastering

Application of plaster

A special cannon will be required for the work.

Lay the first layer of the composition. Its thickness should be at least 7 cm.
Begin to miss for the second time only after the first layer is completely dry. Usually the drying takes about two weeks.

If the work is carried out in the summer (especially in the heat), then in the process of laying a layer of cement with an interval of three hours, the mixture must be blown cold water. When the weather is cool, it is enough to water the solution with water once a day.

On a note: You can get to work (apply layers of mortar) only if the air temperature does not drop below five degrees.

The second method: application of a roll material (ruberoid)

The ruberoid is used for gluing the surface. Apply this material at first once, then the second (and more). This method is mainly used for septic tanks.

The third method: the use of a mixture of bitumen + gasoline

This method involves laying the mixture in three layers.

First of all, it is worth noting that the composition of the mixture of the first layer from the remaining two is different. For the initial coating use a composition of ¼ (a smaller part is bitumen, a larger part is gasoline). For the other two layers, a ratio of 1: 1 is used.

Fourth method: inserts

The liquid in the structure is pumped out. The roof is removed. Pipes are removed (or rather their ends). As a result, the hole becomes larger in diameter.
Insert the insert. To it, pre-weld a branch pipe, which is fastened by a coupling to the track.
The insert is filled with water.
Fall asleep in the formed space.

At the same time, the liquid level should be 20 cm above the level of the mixture.

What material should I use to seal a well of concrete rings from the inside?

Bentonite cord

Currently, there are many different sealants that are used for concrete rings of the well.

Seal the seams in the well with foam, inserts, sealing tapes, concrete solutions and other substances / devices that can be found in the construction market.

Tip: Sealing the seams with a sealing tape is easiest. Such a material is able to seal a seam, seven millimeters thick.

However, most private house owners prefer to use for sealing joints in concrete wells a solution consisting of cement and PVA glue. After mixing the two components, a thick composition is obtained. A putty knife is used to seal this solution.

Sealing from the inside of the well with your own hands. Technology

The water is pumped out of the structure. This can be done using a pump or manually. Pumping occurs until the bottom of the joint appears. While the process of sealing the joints does not end, you need to monitor the water level.
The surface is cleaned of dirt and other foreign bodies. Identify weak, vulnerable places.
The cracks are ripped to a depth of 30 mm. To do this, use a metal brush.
The joints of the links are expanded to a depth of 25 mm. If the water began to penetrate, the seams should immediately be covered.
With the help of mixtures, fill up all available cracks and holes.
The insulating material is applied.
The insulating substance is applied in two layers.

Sealing of the bottom

Bottoms of wells

To create the necessary centering of the lower link it is necessary to lower the plate with the crest on the bottom. Formed seam is covered. This process can be done in several ways:

Until the first link has been installed, an insulation cord is placed in its place. Under the influence of moisture, it increases in volume, as a result of which all the seams are securely clogged.
This process can be carried out with the help of roll material. The bottom is cleaned of dirt. Then the composition of bitumen is applied, which is subsequently coated with a roll material. For reliable protection, put the material in several layers. After that, the bottom is covered with gravel, a height of ten centimeters.
To seal the seam between the bottom and the link, you can use a concrete compound. After application, this site is glued with tape.

Joints between rings

In order to avoid problems in the future, before you start laying the rings, you need to waterproof the inner walls.

Attention: It should be noted that the methods of sealing are practically the same. To do this, use either a coating or a roll coating (for the outside).

Videos about the waterproofing of seams and repair of the well

If the well is built of reinforced concrete rings, sooner or later water begins to flow through the seams between them, cracks appear in the walls.
This can happen very quickly if the workers did not pay sufficient attention to the sealing of the joints during construction or if the soil in your site is very mobile. Than to cover up seams in a well in that case and how to make it correctly?

Why seams leak

As a rule, during installation, they are installed on the cement slurry, and that is not always the case - the actions of workers need to be monitored so that they observe the technology. If the rings with a lock joint, sealing the seams of the well is generally considered superfluous and unnecessary.
But even the presence of a cement "bundle" does not guarantee that the seams will not flow with time. Why is this happening?
The reasons can be different:

The usual cement mortar under the influence of moisture, salts and temperature drops simply collapses with time;

The well is excavated in an unstable ground - the seams diverge because of periodic soil movements;
The forces of frost heaving act on the shaft of the well (especially on its upper part). In this case, the first two or three rings live their life - they "walk" in the horizontal plane relative to the lower;
During construction, the instruction was not followed, the technology of erecting a well mine was violated.

The result of all these factors can be not only the destruction of seams, but also the appearance of cracks in the walls of the well. Through them, as well as through badly embedded or broken holes for engineering communications In the well penetrate contaminated surface water, particles of sand and soil.
If this happens, urgent sealing of the seams between the rings of the well and other defects is necessary, otherwise the water will become unsuitable for drinking.

Sealing technology

To decide how and what to seal the seams in the well, it is necessary to see if water flows from them, since the technology of repairing dry and wet joints is different.

Preliminary work

Before you seal the seams between the rings in the well, you should do some preparatory activities:

Clear the walls of the mine from dirt, algae and other layers, using mechanical methods of cleaning or a jet of water under a strong pressure;

Remove the broken concrete from the joints, discard it where it has cracked and does not hold properly;
Expand and deepen the seams, clean them.

In short, the surface to be repaired must be clean and durable.

Council. To eliminate the rupture of seams in the future, you need to fix the rings relative to each other. For this they are fastened together with metal clips. Below the freezing level of the ground, two staples are sufficient, above - at least four.

Repair of dry joints and cracks

Sealing of seams in the well is done by dry mixes with water. The most accessible option is cement and sand.
But such a composition under the influence of moisture and frost will not last long, and again begins to break down. To prevent this from happening, liquid glass is introduced into the mixture.
When working with it, you should remember that it stops very quickly, so you need to prepare the seams in advance for sealing, and make a solution exactly as much as you can use for 5-10 minutes. The process itself consists in spreading the joints with a mortar with a spatula, as is done with plaster walls.

Council. The wider and deeper the embedded gap, the thicker the solution. And on the contrary - fine cracks can be eliminated qualitatively only by a more liquid composition.

When deciding how best to seal the seams in the well, do not try to simplify your work and use for this purpose various sealants, mounting foam or epoxy. At best, you will not achieve the desired effect, at worst - damage the quality drinking water, make it unsafe for use.

Repair of leaky joints

If through the cracks and potholes in the walls of the well percolate seepage, cementing them with cement mortar is meaningless - he will wash, before he has time to grasp and harden. How to cover the seams in the well in this case?
To do this, fast-hardening expanding materials are used - so-called hydroplugs (HydroStop, Waterplug, Peneplag and others). They very quickly harden, without forming cracks and reliably sealing the leak.

Hydroplombs are absolutely waterproof, resistant to changes in temperature, salts of thawing and other aggressive influences. The only drawback is the high price. A three-kilogram package costs an average of 800-1000 rubles.
Waterproofing of joints in a well using hydraulic seals is possible in two ways:

Just a solution. It is prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions - most often it is bred in a clean container heated to 20 degrees with water in a proportion of 5: 1. the proportion may vary depending on the size of the defect.
The solution is mixed in a small amount, as it quickly hardens, very quickly mixed and pressed into the previously embroidered hole with your own hands. Then it is held by hand for 2-3 minutes.

Note. If the hole is oblong, it is closed gradually. If it is vertical from top to bottom.

Using additional materials. If the seams and fractures are deep, it will take a lot of expensive solution to repair them.
Therefore, before smearing seams in the well, they are caulked with a hemp, linen or jute rope impregnated with fibreoresin or any other compound used for waterproofing swimming pools. The caulk is produced using a flat wooden spatula and a hammer. After that, the seams are covered with waterproofing (see), and all other dry potholes and cracks with cement mortar with liquid glass.

If the ground water behind the walls of the well is under pressure, and the leak between the rings is very strong, you can try the following method. Drill a perforator with one or two holes 15-20 cm below the flowing seam.
Water rushes into them, the pressure between the rings will loosen or even disappear, and sealing of the seams in the well will be easier. When the solution seizes, the holes can be clogged with wooden spikes fitted in size and also covered.

Unfortunately, even the best quality can not guarantee that leaks will not appear over time in other places. Therefore, not only the waterproofing of the wells is needed, but also the processing of the entire inner surface of the mine with special elastic compounds.
After drying, they create a continuous film, sealing all the small cracks and preventing them from expanding. The composition adheres well to the surface, is resistant to water and frost.
If the upper seams constantly flow and diverge, it makes sense to seal them not only from the inside, but also from the outside, digging up the soil around the well. After the completion of the repair work, it is advisable to arrange a clay lock around the source or to make a blind.

Conclusion

The technology of sealing various defects in a well mine is not difficult, anyone can handle this job by watching the video in this article. The most important thing is to decide how to seam the seams in the well, buy quality certified material and use it correctly. Still, work with expensive mixtures is better to instruct specialists.

To protect clean well water from possible contamination with groundwater containing harmful impurities, various waterproofing materials are used. Special seals require seams between the rings, the places of the tie-down of engineering communications in the shaft of the well, as well as defects in the body of reinforced concrete products that have appeared in the process of operation. Quickly eliminate the leakage allows hydraulic splashing for the well - fast-hardening material, capable of returning the structure to monolithicity within a few minutes. When buying this material, you should pay attention to the availability of a certificate confirming the safety of the components that make up the hydraulic flush for drinking water.

In this video, the method of using Hydroplastic Waterplag / Peneplag is clearly demonstrated. Materials of other manufacturers that are produced for the immediate liquidation of pressure leaks are used in a similar way.

However, you must use them in accordance with the attached instructions.

How to prepare the solution for the leak?

When self-preparation of the solution should be guided by the manufacturer's recommendations. The amount of dry mixture is taken depending on how active the leak is. Usually, 150 grams of water are taken for one kilogram of hydroplating for a well. Otherwise, the proportion is calculated based on the volume of the components, taking five parts of the mixture for each part of the water.

Important! If the flow head is significant, then the proportion of the ingredients in the solution is changed, increasing the amount of the dry mixture in the solution to seven parts (water refers to the mixture as one to seven).

The temperature of the water that is taken to prepare the solution must be + 20 ° C. After a quick kneading, which should not exceed 30 seconds, a solution appears that resembles dry ground. Immediately a large amount of solution can not be mixed, since it instantly seizes. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare the mixture in parts, after applying one of them to the area of leaks, proceed to prepare the next.

How to seal a leaky solution?

First, prepare the surface for work, for which the internal cavity of the leak is released from the loose loose concrete with the help of a jackhammer.

Place the appearance of the leak expand to a width of up to 25 mm and a depth of 50 mm, it can be a little deeper. The shape of the hole should resemble a funnel.

Hydraulic fracture for the well is quickly mixed in the right proportion and pressed into the place of leakage

Then, in a clean container, stir required amount mixtures for sealing leaks. Hands form a mortar from the solution, which is pressed into the embroidered hole with a sharp movement and held for several minutes (2-3 minutes is enough).

Important! Hydroplomb for wells made of reinforced concrete rings, stone, brick, can be applied to both vertical and horizontal surfaces. Note that you do not need to build a formwork. If the hole has an oblong shape and does not muffle at a time, then its sealing is carried from the top down.

Where else do hydraulic seals apply?

With the help of fast-hardening solutions can effectively fight:

with water leaks from reinforced concrete tanks;
with water breakthroughs in basements, tunnels, mines, galleries, galleries;

with defects that have arisen in the basin of basins and other artificial reservoirs;
with capillary leaks, appearing in the area of the interface between the floor and the walls, between the foundation blocks, etc.

Precautions for operation

The technology of using hydraulic seals for the well is not very complicated, and therefore can be done by a beginner master without involving specialists. When working with a solution, protect hands with gloves. After use, the instrument is immediately laundered from the remnants of the mixture, otherwise after final hardening it will be difficult to clean it mechanically.

Waterproofing wells has always been an easy task. Many, trying to make the necessary work, faced serious problems. For clarity, we give a few examples - the problems that arise in those cases if the waterproofing in the well is done with disturbances or even worse, it is generally absent. This and flow into the well, during the appearance of meltwater, this is a violation of filtration in those places where the seams of the well are located and much much more.

To avoid such trouble, the seams between the rings of the well must be sealed with a mixture of PVA and cement glue. Mix PVA glue and cement, while obtaining a thick mixture. Next, carefully trowel the seams (you can several times to align the seam). All! Water and mud will never fall into the well.

Note: according to a similar scheme, you can first make a liquid primer from PVA and cement and they smear the first layer to increase the impregnation of concrete in RC rings. And after drying, smear with a mixture of PVA and cement.

After solidification and complete drying, you can still slip these places with liquid glass. Just do not mix the water glass with cement. There will be instant freezing.

The second way to solve the problem - clay castle or simply "waterproofing" around the well. For this, the well is dug from the outside (the first 3 rings are enough, ie 3-4 m) and is clogged either with clay, but without sand and earth, or with a cement solution.

And, finally, the third option - special solutions for sealing wells, which today on the market of building products are presented in a large range. For example, Penetron http://www.penetron-kursk.ru/penetron.htm or Hydrolast http://www.gydrolast.ru/gydrolast.html . They represent a thin-layer (1.5-2mm) waterproofing coating based on cement and special polymers of the latest generation. Have a water vapor permeability (breathe) and sufficient for use on low-deformable substrates with elasticity. Coatings have a high degree of adhesion to any surfaces, weather resistance, environmentally friendly, prevent the penetration of water through the concrete body even in the presence of high hydrostatic pressure.

Doing the work with materials is quite easy. The hydroblast is easily applied to the pre-moistened surface and forms a common crystal lattice with mineral bases, which eliminates the possibility of its peeling off. Moreover, the coating allows to produce in the future any finishing work: plastering, painting, laying ceramic tiles etc.

The process of applying Penetron resembles "staining": the prepared solution is applied to the surface of concrete with a conventional synthetic pile brush. More detailed information about each of them can be obtained on the company's websites ...