Dictionary of the Polish language. Polish words with pronunciation and translation. Polish language: a dictionary of necessary phrases. Jasne - the same as oczywiście, only more colloquial
The Polish alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with diacritics ( ą , ć , ę , ł , ń , ó , ś , ź , ż ) and letter combinations to designate individual sounds ( ch, cz, dz, dź, dż, rz, sz, szcz).
2. Transliteration
Most letters and letter combinations are transmitted unambiguously into Russian:
| b | → b | d | → d | h | → X | ń | → no | szcz | → sch | ||||
| c | → ts | dz | → dz | k | → To | p | → P | t | → T | ||||
| ć | → ts | dż | → j | ł | → l | r | → R | w | → V | ||||
| ch | → X | f | → f | m | → m | s | → With | z | → h | ||||
| cz | → h | g | → G | n | → n | sz | → w | ż | → and |
3. Contextual rules for vowels
At the beginning of the word e → uh, otherwise e → e: Eugeniusz → Eugenius.
Letters ą And ę indicate nasal vowel sounds and are translated into Russian in the same way as combinations of the form simple vowel (o And e accordingly) + nasal consonant (m before b or p, otherwise n). For example: Dębicki → Dembitsky, Bądkowo → Bondkovo. These letters do not appear at the beginning of a word.
Before a vowel i serves to indicate the softness of the preceding consonant, therefore ia → I, ie → e, io → e, ió (iu) → Yu.
4. J
Combinations j with vowels are transcribed as follows:
At the beginning of the word ja → I, je → e, jo → yo, jo (ju) → Yu;
After a vowel ja → I, je → e, jo → e, jo (ju) → Yu;
After a consonant ja → ya, je → ye, jo → yo, jo (ju) → yu.
Before consonants and at the end of a word j → th: Andrzej → Andrzej.
5. Y
After sibilant consonants ( cz, rz, sz, szcz, ż ) the rule applies y → And, in other cases y → s.
In personal names in the middle of the word y → And not only after hissing words, but at the end of personal names y → th: Kristyna → Christina, Walenty → Valentiy.
The “transcriptor” does not make exceptions for personal names unknown to him.
6. Contextual rules for consonants
After voiceless consonants ( ch, k, p, t) and in front of them rz → w, in other cases rz → and.
Before consonants ć , l, ń , dź, ś , ź and before other consonants followed by i: dź → dz, ś → With, ź → h. In other cases dź → dz, ś → sya, ź → s.
Softness of sound l shown in transcription using the following vowel ( la → la, le → le, li → whether, lo → le, ló (lu) → lju), and at the end of a word or before a consonant - a soft sign: Emil → Emil, Lacaz → Lyatsaz.
7. Last name endings
In Russian, it is customary to convey the endings of Polish surnames in this way:
| -ski / -ska | → -sky / -skaya |
| -cki / -cka | → -tsky / -tskaya |
| -dzki / -dzka | → -dsky (-dzskiy) / -dskaya (-dzskaya) |
Russian-Polish phrasebook - a cheat sheet for tourists traveling around Poland. A short phrasebook with pronunciation includes words and phrases commonly used in speech, which may be useful for independent travelers to navigate in cities, communicate in hotels, restaurants and shops.
First of all, it’s worth noting and remembering polite phrases - using them will help you win over your interlocutor. Please note that you should address strangers in the third person (pan/pani).
If you are going to visit non-tourist canteens and restaurants where mainly locals dine, be prepared for the fact that the menu may be exclusively in Polish. In this case, not only a phrasebook, but also a wider list of main dishes with explanations in Russian will be very useful.
Some words in Polish may seem similar in their spelling and sound, but their meaning is not always predictable. For example, Polish pierogi are dumplings that can have a variety of fillings, and sklep is a regular store. There are quite a lot of similar cases, and a Polish phrasebook, supplemented by an offline dictionary, will help, if possible, avoid translation incidents.
The table below shows the original spelling of words and phrases, as well as approximate pronunciation - based on transcription.
Common phrases
| Hello (good morning, good afternoon) | dzień dobry | J'en are kind |
| Good evening | dobry wieczor | good evening |
| Good night | dobranoc | dobranets |
| Hello | cześć | cheschch |
| Goodbye | do widzenia | until Wizen |
| Thank you | dziękuję / dziękuję bardzo | j"enkue / j"enkue barzo |
| Sorry | przepraszam | psheprasham |
| Bon appetit | smacznego | delicious |
| Yes | so | So |
| No | nie | Not |
Transport
| Station | stacja | statsya |
| Stop | przystanek | Przystanek |
| Train Station | dworzec kolejowy | king of the rut |
| Airport | lotnisko | letnisko |
| Bus station | dworzec autobusowy | the bus man |
| Transfer | przesiadka | pshesadka |
| Luggage storage | przechowalnia bagażu | pshechovalnya luggage |
| Hand luggage | bagaż podręczny | luggage |
| Arrival | przybycie | Przybycze |
| Departure | clothing | dressier |
| Cash register | kasa | casa |
| Ticket | ticket | ticket |
| Can you call a taxi? | Czy moze pan(i) przywolac takso’wke? | Chshi mozhe pan(i) pshivolach taksufke? |
At the hotel
In a restaurant, canteen, store
| Soup | zupa | Zupa |
| Snack | przystawka | pshishtavka |
| Hot dish | Danie Gorące | Dana Gorontse |
| Garnish | dodatki | extras |
| Beverages | napoje | drunk |
| Tea | herbata | herbata |
| Coffee | kawa | kava |
| Meat | mięso | menso |
| Beef | wolowina | whoa |
| Pork | wieprzowina | Wepszowina |
| Chicken | kurczak | kurchak |
| Fish | ryba | fish |
| Vegetables | warzywa | vazhiva |
| Potato | ziemniaki | dugouts |
| The check, please | Prosze o rachunek | Ask about rahunek |
| Shop | sklep | crypt |
| Market | rynek | market |
| Dining room | jadalnia | food shop |
| What is the price...? | Ile kosztuje...? | Ile Kostue...? |
Months
Days of the week
Numbers
| 0 | zero | zero |
| 1 | jeden | eden |
| 2 | dwa | two |
| 3 | trzy | tshi |
| 4 | cztery | chters |
| 5 | pięć | pench |
| 6 | sześć | sheshchch |
| 7 | siedem | we are generous |
| 8 | osiem | generally |
| 9 | dziewięć | j"wench |
| 10 | dzesięć | j "yeschench |
| 100 | sto | one hundred |
| 1000 | tysiąc | thousand |
Jun 19
Traveling is always exciting, because it’s so nice to visit new places and get new experiences. But sometimes the problem of knowing the language, or rather, not knowing it, arises. Moreover, when going to Poland, I would like to communicate specifically in Polish to experience the local flavor. That is why every tourist will need a small Russian-Polish phrasebook.
So, you have finally arrived on a trip to Poland. Let's start our Russian-Polish phrasebook with greetings, which is an indispensable part of any conversation. Of course, the actual pronunciation of some words is quite difficult to describe, but even with minor errors in pronunciation, they will definitely understand and help you. Let's not forget that The stress in all words is on the penultimate syllable.
"Basic forms of communication"
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Thank you | Dziękuję | Jenkuen |
| Thank you for your concern/help/invitation/advice | Dziękuję za opieke / pomoc / zaproszenie / rade | Jenkuen for custody / help / requested / rade |
| Please | Prosze | Prosheng |
| I'm very pleased | Jestem bardzo zadowolony | Estem Bardzo are satisfied |
| Please help me | Proszę mi pomóc | Proshen mi pomuts |
| Let me ask | Pozwólcie że zapytam | I'll torture you more vulgarly |
| It's OK! | Nic nie szkodzi! | Nits ne skoji |
| Cheers! | Na zdrowie! | Cheers! |
| Bon appetit! | Smacznego! | Smachnego! |
| I'm in hurry | Śpieszę się | Shpeshen puppy |
| Yes | So | So |
| No | Nie | Not |
| I agree | Zgadzam się | Zgadzam puppy |
| It's clear | Jasne | Yasne |
| I don't mind | Nie mam nic przeciwko | Not mom proszecivko |
| Unfortunately, I don't have time | Niestety, nie mam czasu | Nestats, not mom for an hour |
| With pleasure | Z przyjemnoscią | For a night |
"Railway station"
Upon arrival in Poland, you find yourself at the train station. Let's call the following table “Station”. But phrases from it will help you for your further journey.
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| How to get to the ticket office? | Gdzie tu jest kasa biletowa? | Gje tu eat kasa ticket? |
| What time will the train arrive to...? | O ktorej godzinie mam polaczenie do...? | About kturei gojine mam polonchen do...? |
| How many stations does it take to...? | Jak wiele bedzie do...? | Yak vele benje do...? |
| This platform number...? | Liczba ta platforma...? | Lichba that platform...? |
| Where should the transplant be made? | Gdzie trzeba sie przesiasc? | Gje tsheba schen psheshchenschch? |
| From which platform does the train depart to...? | Z ktorego peronu odjezdza pociag do ...? | Z kturego peronu clothes pochong do...? |
| Give me a ticket for a sleeping car/second class. | Prosze o bilet sypialny/drugiej klasy. | Proshe about the ticket strewn / other klyas. |
| What station? | So to za stacja? | What's the point? |
| Where is the dining car located? | Gdzie znajduje sie wagon restauracyjny? | Gdzhe know the carriage of the restaurates? |
"Transport"
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Where is the nearest bus/tram/trolleybus stop? | Gdzie jest najblizszy przystanek autobusowy / tramwaju / trolejbusowy? | Gje eats the nearest bus/tram/trolleybus? |
| Where is the nearest subway station? | Gdzie jest najblizsza stacja metra? | Gje eats the nearest hundred meters? |
| What tram/bus/trolleybus can I take to...? | Jakim tramwajem / autobusem / trolejbusem moge dojechac do...? | Which tram/autobus/trolleybus can you use to get to...? |
| Where should I change trains? | Gdzie sie mam przesiasc? | Gje schen mam psheschonschch? |
| How often do the buses/trams run? | Jak czesto jezdza autobusy / tramwaje? | Yak chensto ezhdzhon buses/trams? |
| What time does the first/last bus leave? | O ktorej godzinie pierwszy / ostatni autobus? | About kturei gojin pervshi / ostatni bus? |
| Could you tell me when I need to leave? | Prosze powiedziec, kiedy wysiasc? | Proshe povedzhech sneakers vyschonschch? |
| What time does the bus leave to...? | O ktorej godzinie odchodzi autobus do...? | About kturei gojine odhoji bus to...? |
| Where can I get a bus to...? | Gdzie mozna pojechac autobusem do ...? | Is it possible to go by bus to...? |
"City, orientation"
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Where is...? | Gdzie best...? | Gje eats...? |
| How many kilometers to...? | Jak wiele kilometrow do...? | How many kilometers is it to...? |
| How can I find this address? | Jak znalezc ten addresses? | How did you know the address? |
| Could you show me on the map where I am now? | Czy moze mi pan (i) pokazac na mapie, w ktorym miejscu teraz jestem? | What can you show on the map, in kturim meissu teraz estem? |
| How long does it take to get there by car/walk? | Jak dlugo trzeba czekac, aby osiagnac tam samochodem / pieszo? | How long will it take to check, if only at night there is a self-propelled vehicle / on foot? |
| Can you show on the map where this place is? | Mozna pokazac na mapie, gdzie to jest? | Can you show it on the map, where does it eat? |
| How to get to the city center? | Jak dostac sie do centrum miasta? | How to get a puppy to the center of the meat? |
| Are we going to... right? | Jedziemy do prawidlowego...? | Edzemy before the truth...? |
"Hotel"
If you go on a trip on your own, without the services of a travel agency, then you will definitely need to book a hotel.
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Do you have a single/double room in the hotel? | Masz jedno / dwuosobowy pokoj w hotelu? | Mash edno / biosobovy buy in the hotel? |
| Do you have any available rooms? | Czy ma pan (i) jakies wolne pokoje? | Chy ma pan(i) yakesh volne rest? |
| I (don't) like this number. | Ten number do mnie (nie) podoba. | Ten number is (not) like me. |
| How much is the room with bath/breakfast/without breakfast/full board? | Ile jest pokoj z lazienka / sniadaniem / bez sniadania / pelne wyzywienie? | Ile eats pokuy with lazhenkom / shnyadan / without shnyadan / peune vyzhivene? |
| Is there a cheaper/better room? | Tam jest wiele taniej/lepiej? | Is there vele tanei/lepei there? |
| A hotel room has been reserved for me. | Mialem zarezerwowane dla pokoju hotelowego. | Meowem reserved for the peace of the hotel. |
| What floor is the room located on? | Na ktorym pietrze jest pokoj? | On kturym pentshe eats pokuy? |
| Is there air conditioning / TV / telephone / refrigerator in the room? | Why not klimatyzacja / telewizor / telefon / lodowka? | Why eat air conditioning / TV / telephone / ice blower? |
| When and where can you have breakfast? | Kiedy i gdzie mozna zjesc sniadanie? | Can you get sneakers and shoes? |
| What time is breakfast? | Ile sniadanie? | Ile shnyadane? |
| Do you have a buffet? | Czy masz szwedzki stol? | What kind of swedish chair is it? |
| Can I leave it in the safe? | Moge zostavic w sejfie? | Can you put it in the safe? |
| Where are the toilets located? | Gdzie best toaleta? | Does Gje eat toilet? |
| Could you please bring a blanket? | Can you przyniesc koc? | Can you pshineschch kots? |
| There is no soap/towel/hot water in my room. | W moim pokoju nie ma mydlo / reczniki / goracej wody. | In my peace there is no thought / ranchers / gorontsy water. |
| Switch/lights/radio/AC/fan/heating not working. | Nie dziala przelacznik / swiatlo / radio / klimatyzacji / wentylatora / telewizor / ogrzewania. | Not dzhyala pshelonchnik / shvyatlo / radio / climate control / fan / TV / ogzhevanya. |
| Wake me up... please. | Obudz mnie...prosze. | Tell me... ask. |
| I'll pay in cash. | Zaplace gotowka. | Zaplatsen gotuvkon. |
| I'll pay with a credit card. | Zaplace karta kredytowa. | Zaplatsen with a credit card. |
"Bar, restaurant, cafe, shop"
And of course, in the Russian-Polish phrasebook you will need phrases in order to refresh yourself or buy something in a store.
| Russian language | Polish language | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| Could you recommend a good/inexpensive restaurant? | Czy moze pan (i) polecic dobry / tani restauracji? | Why can pan(s) treat good / tani restaurates? |
| What time does the restaurant open/close? | Restauracja na co otwiera / zamyka? | Restauratsya on the opening/lock? |
| Where is the nearest restaurant? | Gdzie jest najblizsza restauracja? | Does Gje eat the closest restaurant? |
| I would like to book a table for two/three/four. | Chcialbym zarezerwowac stolik dla dwoch / trzech / czterech. | Khchalbym reserve a table for two / tshekh / chtereh. |
| Do you have a table in the corner / outdoors / near the window / in a non-smoking room? | Czy macie stolik w rogu / na zewnatrz / w poblizu okien / w zakaz palenia? | Why mache table in the horn / on zevnontzh / in the closer window / in the order of the fire? |
| What do you recommend? | Co proponujemy? | Are they proponable? |
| Menu, please. | Poprosze menu. | Please ask for the menu. |
| Do you have a special menu for diabetics? | Czy macie specjalne menu dla diabetykow? | What is the special menu for Diabetykuv? |
| Do you have dishes for children? | Czy macie dania dla dzieci? | What is the tribute to mache for dzhechi? |
| There must be a mistake. I ordered)... | To musi byc pomylka. Zamowilem (a) ... | That's a damn mess. Zamovilem... |
| The check, please. | Prosze o rachunek. | Ask for rahunek. |
| We liked. Thank you. | Podobalo nam sie to. Dziekuje. | It was fitting for us to do that. Jenque. |
| Where is the nearest store? | Gdzie sie znajduje sklep? | Do you know the crypt? |
| Where can I buy...? | Gdzie moge kupic...? | Gje mogem cupich...? |
| Excuse me, do you have...? | Niestety, ma pan (i) ...? | Nyestats, ma pan(i) ...? |
| I would like to buy... | Chcialbym kupic... | Khchalbym buy... |
| Could you wrap this for me? | Czy moze pan dac mi zwrocic? | Chi mozhe pan dach mi zvruchich? |
| How much does it cost? | Ile to kosztuje? | Ile to koshtue? |
| Can I try this on? | Can you sprobowac? | Can we sprubovat? |
| Is there any other color? | What's the best inny color? | What does Inny Kohler eat? |
| Is there a smaller/larger size? | Czy sa rozmiar mniejszy / wiekszy? | What is the puppy of Rosmyar Mneishi / Venkshi? |
| I need half a kilo / a kilo / two kilos | Potrzebuje pol kilo / kilogram / dwa kilograma | Potshebuen pul kilö / kilogram / two kilograms |
It will become indispensable for tourists. The phrasebook also contains phrases in Russian and Polish, as well as pronunciation of the necessary phrases.
Did you see an error in the text? Select it and press Ctrl+Enter. Thank you!
The Polish language is quite understandable to those who speak Russian, and even more understandable to those who speak Ukrainian. But there are some Polish words that you just need to learn because they have a completely or slightly different meaning, and sometimes a completely different one.
We found a list of such words here: http://strelnikova.lv/, we shortened it a little, but not much.
Here is the list itself:
Adidasy [adidas] – sneakers
Awans [avaᴴс] – promotion (advance – zaliczka)
Awantura [adventure] – scandal
Bania [bath] – a spherical object (bath – łaźnia [ўаҗння])
Bezpański [Bespanski] – ownerless
Bezprawny [bespravny] – lawless
Biegły [runners] – experienced, skillful
Biegun [runner] – pole (runner – biegacz [runner])
Biegunka [runner] – diarrhea
Biesiada [beschiada] – feast (conversation – rozmowa [rozmova])
Binokle [binoculars] – pince-nez (binoculars – lornetka [lernetka], glasses – okulary [eyepieces])
Biurowość [bureau] – office work
Biustonosz [bustonosh] – bra
Blacha [blade] – 1) tin, 2) stove, 3) baking sheet, (blade – blaszka [plaque])
Blady [whores] – pale
Blisko [close] – 1) close, 2) almost, about. Blisko trzy lata [blisko trzy lata] – about three years.
Błąd [bont] – mistake, delusion. Błędny [bedny] – erroneous
Błoto [bўoto] – 1) dirt, slush, 2) swamp
Bok [side] – side, side, edge. Boczny [barrels] – side. Boczek [bochek] - brisket. Zboczyć [zbochyҷь] – turn to the side. Na bok! [on the side] - Move aside!
Brak [marriage] – 1) shortage, deficiency, 2) defect in production. Brakować [reject] – not to get, not to grab. Brakuje mi czasu [brakuje mi chasu] – I don’t have enough time
Bratanek [bro] – nephew (brother’s son). Bratanica [brother] – niece (brother’s daughter)
Bratowa [brotherly] – brother’s wife
Broń [armor] – weapon. Bronić [armor] – to protect. Wzbronić [armor] – prohibit. Palenie wzbronione [palenie vzbronione] – smoking is prohibited
Bufet [buffet] - snack bar. Bufetowa [buffetova] – barmaid
Bukiet z jarzyn [bouquet of z jarzyn] – vegetable stew
Bydło [bydўo] – cattle
Całować [tsaўovaҷь] – kiss
Cały [tsaўы] – 1) whole, whole, 2) unharmed
Cel [target] – target
Celny [tselny] – 1) well-aimed, 2) customs. Urząd celny [uzhont celny] – customs (cło [tўo] – duty)
Celować [target] – aim
Chałupnik [haupnik] – artisan, home worker. Chałupnictwo [haўupnitstfo] – handicraft
Chmura [frowning] – cloud
Chodnik [walker] – 1) sidewalk, 2) rug, carpet
Chować [how] – 1) hide, 2) educate, raise. Wychowanek [vychowanek] – pupil. Wychowawca [vykhovatsa] – educator
Chronić [chronicle] – protect, protect
Chudy [thin] – 1) thin. 2) low-fat. Chude mięso [hude meat] – lean meat.
Ciasto [ҷyasto] – dough. Ciasta (plural) [ҷyasta] – baked goods, pies. Ciastko [hard] – cake
Ciecz [ҷech] – liquid. Ciekły [ҷекўы] – liquid
Cieszyć [ҷешыҷь] – to please. Cieszyć się [ҷешыҷь се] – rejoice
Ciśnienie [ҷishchnene] – pressure. Zmierzyć ciśnienie krwi [zmierzyć ҷishchnene blood] – measure blood pressure. Nadciśnienie [natҷishchnene] – hypertension
Cudzoziemiec [tsudzoҗhemets] – foreigner
Cukier [zucker] – sugar. Cukier w kostkach [zuker f kostkakh] – refined sugar
Czas [hour] – time. Nie mam czasu [not mam time] - I don’t have time. Przyjechać na czas [przyjechać for an hour] – arrive on time. Czasowy [hours] – temporary. Czasopismo [hour writing] – magazine
Czaszka [cup] – skull
Czekolada [chekolyada] – chocolate. Tabliczka czekolady [table of čekolady] – a chocolate bar. Czekoladka [chekolyatka] – chocolate candy
Czeremcha [cheremha] – bird cherry
Czerstwy [cherstfy] – 1) callous, 2) healthy, strong. Czerstwy staruszek [charstfy old women] – cheerful old man
Czesać się [chesaҷь] – comb your hair
Cześć [chesch'] – 1) respect, 2) honor. Cześć! - Hello!
Część [cheᴴshchҷь] – part
Często [cheᴴsto] – often
Czuć [chuҷь] – to feel, sense. Czuć się [a bit more] – to feel (about health). Czujność [chuyność] – 1) sensitivity, 2) vigilance. Czujnik [chuynik] – sensor (technical)
Czyn [chyn] – action.
Czynić [chynić] – to do. Czynić wrażenie [chynić enemy] – to make an impression (to repair – reperować [reperovać], naprawiać [direct])
Czynny [chynny] – active, active. Sklep czynny od 10 to 18 – the store is open from 10 to 18.
Dawka [dafka] – dose
Deka [deka] – 10 grams. Proszę o dwadzieścia deka masła [proshe o dwadzieścia deka masła] - Please give me 200 grams (i.e. 20 deka) of butter.
Deputat [deputy] – rations, payment in kind
Deputowany [deputated] – deputy
Deska [deska] – 1) board, 2) deski (plural) – skis
Dewizy [mottos] – currency
Dlaczego [for what] – why
Dlatego że [for the same] – because
Dodatek [dodatek] – 1) application, 2) additive, increase
Dokładny [docuadny] – precise, thorough
Dokonać [to finish] – to carry out
Domagać się [do more] – demand, achieve
Domyślić się [household] – guess
Doniosły [reported] – important, significant
Donośny [night] – loud
Dopisać [dopisać] – 1) to add, 2) nie dopisać – to sum up. Pogoda nie dopisała [weather not added] – the weather failed (the weather was bad)
Dopływ [additional] – influx. Dopływ powietrza [additional ventilation] – air flow. Dopływ Wisły [additional visŞy] – tributary of the Vistula
Doskonalić [to perfection] – to improve. Doskonale [thoroughly] – excellent, excellent
Dostać [get it] – receive. Dostać list [get a sheet] – receive a letter
Dotyk [dotyk] – touch. Dotykać [dotika] – touch, touch. Nie dotykać eksponatów! [do not touch the exhibit] – do not touch the exhibits with your hands! Nietykalność [non-tickling] – inviolability
Dowodzić [argument] – 1) to prove, 2) to command
Dowolny [satisfied] – any
Dozorca [watchman] – janitor, watchman
Drobiazg [shotgun] – trifle, trifle
Drobny [fractional] – small. Drobne (plural) – small money. Drobnoustrój [fractional device] – microorganism
Duma [thought] - pride. Dumny [dumny] - proud
Dworzec [dvozhets] – station. Dworcowy [palace] – station (palace – pałac [paўats])
Dwuosobowy [two-person] – double
Dwuznaczny [ambiguous] – ambiguous
Dynia [melon] – pumpkin (melon – melon [melyon])
Dywan [dyvan] – carpet (sofa – kanapa)
Dział [дҗяў] – department.
Działać [дҗяўаҷь] – to act. Telefon nie działa – the telephone does not work. Działacz [дҗяўач] – activist
Działka [дҗяўка] – personal plot
Działo [дҗяўо] – weapon, cannon
Dzielny [delny] – 1) energetic, 2) brave
Dzieło [дҗеўо] – 1) business, 2) work. Dzieło sztuki [things] – a work of art
Dziennik [daily] – 1) newspaper, 2) diary
Dzierżawa [state] – rent
Dźwigać [dvigaҷь] – 1) to carry, drag, 2) to lift. Dźwig [dhvik] – 1) elevator, 2) crane
Ekler [eclair] – zipper
Elektryczność [electricity] – electricity. Maszynka elektryczna [electric machine] – electric stove
Elementarz [elementash] – primer
Fatalny [fatal] – 1) fatal, fatal, 2) bad, unsuccessful. Fatalna weather - terrible weather.
Frykasy [frykasy] – a tasty dish, delicacy
Frytki [frytki] – French fries
Gniewać się [anger yet] – 1) to be angry, 2) to quarrel
Gnuśny [gnuśny] – lazy
Godność [goodness] – 1) dignity, 2) high rank, 3) surname (as well as surname – nazwisko). Godny [suitable] – worthy. Jak pana (pani) godność? - What's your last name?
Godzić się [godҗiҷь] – put up, agree
Godzina [godҗina] – hour (Attention: in combinations dź, dzi it is pronounced very soft dvuk [dҗь])
Golenie [shin] - shaving. Pędziel do golenia [pendziel to the shin] - shaving brush. Ogolić się [naked more] – shave.
Gospodarstwo [gospodarstfo] - farm. Gospodarz [lord] – owner, owner
Gotować [ready] – 1) to cook, 2) to cook. Gotowany [ready] – boiled. Zagotować [prepared] – boil. Zagotować się [prepare] – boil
Gotówka [gotufka] – cash
Góra [gura] – 1) mountain, 2) top. Górny [gurn] – upper. Górski [gurski] – mountain
Groza [thunderstorm] – horror (thunderstorm – burza [buja])
Gruby [rude] - thick. Gruby człowiek [rude person] - a fat person. Gruba książka [rude kshchoshka] – a thick book. Grubość [roughness] – thickness
Grunt [ground] – 1) ground, soil, 2) foundation. Gruntowny [ground] - solid
Grzywna [gzhywna] – fine
Gubić [gubiҷь] – to lose. Zgubić się [zgubić shche] – get lost
Gwałt [gvaўt] – 1) noise, scandal, 2) violence
Guzik [guҗik] – 1) button, 2) button (of the device)
Hurtowy [hurtovy] – wholesale
Hulajnoga [hulyaynoga] – scooter
Informator [informant] – reference book, guide
Izba [hut] – 1) room, room, 2) ward. Izba handlowa [handleva's hut] – chamber of commerce. Izba przyjęć [hut pshyyenk] – reception room.
Jasny [clear] – 1) clear, 2) light. Piwo jasne [jasne beer] – light beer
Jubilat [anniversary] - hero of the day
Jubiler [anniversary] – jeweler
Jubileusz [jubileeush] – anniversary
Jutro [yutro] - tomorrow. Do jutra! - till tomorrow!
Kaczka [pitching] – duck
Kawa [kava] – coffee, kawa prawdziwa [kava pravdҗiva] – natural coffee, kawa biała [kava bya] – coffee with milk (with cream), kawa rozpuszczalna [kava spushchalna] – instant coffee
Kawaler [cavalier] – 1) gentleman, 2) bachelor.
Kawalerka [cavalier] – one-room apartment (studio apartment)
Kilka [sprat] – 1) sprat, 2) several
Kokarda [cockade] – bow
Kolej [ruts] – 1) railway, 2) queue. Kolejowy [koleyovy] – railway. Kolejność [rut] – sequence.
Komora [komora] – camera
Komórka [komurka] – 1) body cell, 2) cell. Telefon komorkowy [Komorkova's phone] - cell phone (usually abbreviated tel.kom.)
Korzystny [selfish] – profitable
Krawat [kravat] – tie
Kryształ [roof] – 1) crystal, 2) crystal, 3) granulated sugar
Krzesło [kshesўo] – chair (chair – fotel [fotel])
Krzywda [kshivda] - damage, harm, insult. Skrzywdzić [skшывдҷь] – to offend
Kuchnia [kitchen] – kitchen. Kuchenka [kukhenka] – kitchen stove
Liczba [lichba] – number. Liczyć [person] – 1) count, 2) count, 3) count (on someone). Licznik [personal] – counter. Liczny [personal] – numerous. Obliczenie [oblichene] – calculation, calculation. Rozliczać się [different] – to pay, to pay. Zaliczka [zalichka] – advance
List [sheet] – 1) letter, 2) document. Listonosz [leaf-nosed] – postman. Lisownie [listownie] – in writing
Lista [sheet] – list
Liść [lishch] – leaf (of wood)
Lód [fierce] – ice. Sople lodu [nozzle ice] - icicles. Jazda figurowa na lodzie [jazda figurowa on ice] - figure skating. Jazda szybka na lodzie [jazda szybka na lodzie] – speed skating. Lody [ice] – ice cream. Lodówka [ice blower] – refrigerator
Lustro [chandelier] – mirror (chandelier – żyrandol [zhyrandol])
Łóżko [ўushko] – bed
Łyżka [ўyshka] – spoon
Magazyn [shop] – warehouse. Magazynować [magazynova] – store (shop – sklep [crypt])
Majaczyć [ball] – to rave
Masło [masўo] – butter (vegetable oil – olej [olej])
Mech [fur] – moss (fur – futro)
Mecz [mach] – match
Miecz [sword] – sword
Mąka [moka] – flour
Męka [meᴴka] – flour
Miasto [city] – city
Miejsce [meysce] – place
Mieszkać [bag] – live, live (where). Mieszkaniec [meskan] – resident. Zamieszkać [hesitate] – settle down
Młodzieniec [youngster] – young man (baby – niemowlę [unable])
Mydło [mydўo] – soap. Mydlić [mydlić] – to soap. Mydlany [mydlany] – soapy.
Mylić się [soapy] – to be mistaken, to be mistaken. Mylny [soapy] – erroneous.
Nabrać [to dial] – 1) to dial, 2) to deceive, fool
Nabyć [nabyҷ] – to acquire. Nabytek [nabytek] – acquisition, purchase
Nadawać [press] – 1) give, 2) send (message), 3) transmit (by radio). Nadajnik [nadaynik] – (radio) transmitter. Nadawca [nadaftsa] – sender.
Na dobitek [on dobitek] - in addition
Nadziewać [nadҗevaҷь] – stuff, stuff. Cukierki nadziewane [tsukierki nadziewane] – candies with filling
Nagły [nagўы] – 1) sudden, unexpected, 2) urgent, urgent. Nagle [nagle] - suddenly, suddenly
Nakrycie głowy [cover głowy] – headdress. Nakrycie stołu [cover the table] – cutlery
Napiwek [napivek] – tip
Naprawić [direct] – repair, repair. Naprawa [to the right] – repair, repair
Narodowość [people's religion] – nationality
Niedziela [week] – Sunday (week – tydzień [thousand])
Niepotrzebny [nepotshebny] - unnecessary
Obcy [opts] – 1) stranger, 2) outsider, 3) foreign. Język obcy [optsy language] – a foreign language. Obcym wstęp wzbroniony [opcym fstamp armored] – unauthorized entry is prohibited.
Obecnie [obetsne] - now, now. Obecny [obetsny] – 1) present, 2) present. Nieobecny [neobetsny] – absent.
Obóz [obus] – camp. Obóz turystyczny [obus turystyczny] – tourist camp.
Obraz [obras] – picture
Obywatel [everyman] – citizen. Obywatelka [philistine] – citizen
Odpowiedź [answer] – answer. Odpowiedzialność [responsibility] – responsibility.
Ogród [ogrut] – garden. Ogród zoologiczny [ogrut zoological] – zoo
Okazja [okazya] - case. Z okazji [z okazii] – on occasion
Okład [okўat] – compress (salary – pensja, pobory)
Okładka [okўatka] – cover
Okoliczność [okolichnoshch] – circumstance. Zbieg okoliczności [zbeg okoliczności] – coincidence of circumstances
Ołówek [oўuvek] – pencil
Opady [fall] - precipitation
Opalać [sear] – 1) to heat, 2) to burn. Opalać się [sear yet] – sunbathe. Opalony [scorched] – tanned
Ordynarny [ordinary] - rude
Owoc [sheep] – fruit. Krem owocowy [ovocowy cream] – fruit cream
Ozdoba [Ozdoba] – decoration. Ozdobny [okozny] – elegant
Palić [burn] – 1) burn, 2) heat (stove), 3) smoke. Palenie [palene] – smoking. Paliwo [palivo] – fuel. Palacz [fireman] – 1) smoker, 2) fireman. Paliarnia [pallery] – smoking room
Pamiętać [pamenta] – remember. Zapamiętać [zapament] – remember. Pamiętnik [monument] – diary (monument – pomnik)
Parówka [parufka] – sausage
Pensja [pension] – salary, salary (pension – emerytura [emerytura])
Pędzić [penҗiҷь] – 1) drive, 2) rush, run. Wypędzić [vypendҷь] – drive out. Dopędzić [dopendҗiҷь] – catch up
Pieczony [pechony] – fried. Pieczeń [liver] – hot. Pieczeń z rożna [liver z rożna] – meat baked on a spit
Pismo [letter] – 1) letter, font, 2) magazine, newspaper, 3) handwriting
Plecy [shoulders] – back (shoulders – ramiona [ramion])
Plotka [whip] – gossip
Płot [pot] – fence. Płotki [potki] – sports barrier
Pobory [extortions] – salary, salary
Pobór [pobur] – call, recruitment
Pochodzić [pokhodҗiҷь] – to occur, to be a kind. Pochodzenie [pohodzene] – origin
Pociąg [poҷёᴴк] – train. Pociąg pośpieszny [pośk pośpieszny] – fast train. Pociąg osobowy [poҷёᴴк especially] – passenger train
Podkolanówki [potkolanufki] – knee socks
Podobać się [similar] – to like
Podrożnik [podrozhnik] – traveler
Podstawa [poststava] – basis, foundation. Podstawowy [potstavovy] – main. Szkoła podstawowa [skoła podstawowa] – basic school. Bezpodstawny [bespotstavny] – unreasonable
Pogrzeb [pogzhep] – funeral (cellar – piwnica, winiarnia)
Pojazd [belt] – means of transportation. Pojazdy mechaniczne [mechanical trains] – motor transport (train – pociąg)
Pokój [peace] – 1) world, 2) room, hotel room
Pokwitować [pokfitova] – sign (for receipt)
Południe [in the afternoon] – 1) noon, 2) south. Południowy [udnevy] – southern
Portfel [portfolio] – wallet
Porwać [tear] – 1) tear, 2) kidnap, 3) grab. Porwać w objęcia [tear in objęcia] – grab into arms
Posłać [posўаҷь] – 1) to send, 2) to lay. Posłanie [posўane] – bed
Potrawa [grass] – food, dish. Potrawka [potrafka] – boiled meat with sauce
Powolny [free] – slow. Proszę mówić powolniej [proshe movie more freely] – please speak more slowly
Pozdrawiać [congratulations] – welcome. Pozdrowienie [pozdrovene] - hello, greeting. Proszę pozdrowić pana A. – please say hello to Mr. A.
Poziom [let's go] – level. Poziom wody [water level] – water level
Poziomki [poҗёmki] – strawberries
Pozór [pose] – view. Pozorny [shameful] - apparent, imaginary.
Pożytek [pozhytek] – benefit
Północ [puўnots] – 1) midnight, 2) north. Północny [puўnotsny] – northern
Pralka [waddling machine] – washing machine
Prawnik [pranik] – lawyer
Przeciwny [psheҷivny] – the opposite. Z przeciwnej strony [z pshekhivney strony] – from the opposite side
Przedawniony [pshedavnyony] – expired
Przelot [pshelet] – flight. Przelotny [pshelotny] – fleeting. Przelotne opady [przelotne falls] – short-term precipitation.
Przychodnia [przyhodnya] – clinic
Przyjaźń [пшыяҗн] – friendship
Przykład [pšykŞat] – example. Na przykład – for example
Przypadek [pshipadek] – case. Przypadkiem [przypatkem] – by chance
Przysługa [пшысўuga] – service
Pukać [fart] – knock
Puszka [cannon] – tin can. Puszka szprotek [sprotek gun] – can of sprat
Puzon [puzon] – trombone
Pyszny [magnificent] – 1) arrogant, arrogant, 2) luxurious
Early [early] – morning. Z rana – in the morning
Renta [renta] – 1) pension (including for disability), 2) annuity
Restauracja [restauracja] – restaurant
Rodzina [homeland] – family
Rogatka [slingshot] – barrier
Rok [rock] – year
Rosół [rosuў] – broth. Kura w rosole [chicken in rosole] – broth with chicken
Rozgłos [rosgўos] – fame, popularity. Rozgłośnia [rozgўoschnya] – radio station
Rozebrać [rosebrah] – 1) to disassemble (into parts), 2) to strip. Rozebrać się [rozebrać yet] – undress
Roskaz [roskas] - order. Roskazywać [tell] – to order
Rozkład [roskўat] – 1) schedule, 2) location, layout
Rozkosz [luxury] – pleasure. Rozkoszny [luxurious] – beautiful, wonderful
Rozprawa [Rosprava] – discussion
Rozrywka [rozryfka] – entertainment. Rozrywkowy [rozryfkovy] – entertaining
Roztrzepaniec [rostshepanets] – curdled milk
Róg [hands] – 1) horn, 2) corner (street). Na rogu [on the horn] – on the street corner
Równik [ruvnik] – equator
Ruch [rukh] – movement. Ruchomy [rukhoma] – mobile. Ruszyć [rušć] – 1) to touch, 2) to move, to move. Poruszyć się [destroy] – move, move. Fabryka ruszyła – the factory has come into operation
Rutyna [routine] – experience, skill. Rutynowany [rutynovany] – experienced
Samochód [samohut] – car
Setka [mesh] – 1) hundred, 2) woolen fabric (colloquial)
Siatka [shield] – mesh
Silnik [shielnik] – engine
Siostrzeniec [szczešeniec] – nephew (sister’s son). Siostrzenica [schestšenica] – niece (sister’s daughter)
Skala [skala] – scale, scale
Skała [skаўа] – rock
Skarb [scarp] - treasure, treasure. Skarbnica [treasury] - treasury
Skazać [say] – sentence, condemn
Sklep [crypt] – store
Skupić się [be stingy] – concentrate
Słonina [sonina] – pork lard
Słój [suy] – glass jar
Słuchacz [sukhach] – listener. Słuchawka [suhafka] – telephone handset. Słuchawki [suhafki] – headphones
Smutek [smutek] - sadness. Smutny [vague] – sad, sad
Sopel [sopel] – icicle
Spadek [spadek] – 1) fall, decline, 2) slope, 3) inheritance. Spadzisty [spadҗists] – steep (slope). Spadochron [spadochron] - parachute
Spinać [back] – to cleave, to fasten. Spinka [back] – hairpin, cufflink
Spodnie [underneath] – trousers. Spodenki [spodenki] - cowards. Spódnica [spudnitsa] – skirt
Spotykać (się) [stumbling yet] – to meet. Spotkanie [spottane] – meeting
Sprawdzić [spravdҗiҷь] – check
Sprawić [reference] – cause. Sprawić wrażenie [spravķi vrazene] – to make an impression. Sprawić przyjemność [spravić przyjemność] – to give pleasure
Sprowadzić [provadҗiҷь] – 1) lead, 2) bring, 3) cause
Sprzątać [spshontaҷь] – remove (in the room, from the table). Sprzątaczka [spontachka] – cleaning lady
Ssać [piss] – suck. Ssaki [piss] – mammals
Statek [statek] – vessel, ship. Statki [statki] – dishes
Stoisko [stoisko] – stand, section (in a store)
Stołek [stoўek] – stool
Stół [stuў] – table. Proszę do stołu [proshe to stołu] – please come to the table
Stroić [build] – 1) to dress up, decorate, 2) to tune a musical instrument (to build – budować). Stroić się [build more] – dress up. Strojny [slender] – elegant. Strój [jet] – outfit, suit. Strój ludowy [liudowy streams] – national costume
Sukienka [cloth], suknia [cloth] – dress
Sypalnia [tomb] – bedroom. Sypalny [sypalny] – sleeping
Szaleć [crazy] – to go crazy
Szklanka [glass] – glass
Szorować [shorovak] – wash, rub (with a brush)
Szpik [fat] – bone marrow
Szpulka [bobbin] – reel
Sztuka [piece] – 1) art, 2) play, 3) thing, piece. Sztuka wschodnia [thing] – oriental art. Sztuczny [piece] – artificial
Szybki [shypki] – fast. Szybkość [shypkość] – speed
Ślub [schlyup] – marriage. Wziąć ślub [taken schlyup] – to get married
Śmietana [schmetana] – sour cream. Śmietanka [shmetanka] – cream. Bita śmietana – whipped cream
Świat [schfiat] – peace. Światowy [schfiatovy] – worldwide. Światopogląd [Śfjatopogląt] – worldview
Światło [ŚfyatŞo] – light. Oświetlenie [oshfetlene] – lighting. Oświata [osfyata] – enlightenment
Świetnie [shfetne] - wonderful, excellent
Święto [Święto] – holiday. Wesołych Świąt! [merry chfent] - Happy holidays! (traditional congratulations)
Święty [schfenty] – saint. Pismo Święte [pismo Śfente] – Holy Scripture
Tabela [table] – table
Tablica [table] – plate, board (school, memorial), scoreboard. Tabliczka mnożenia [multiplication table] – multiplication table. Tabliczka czekolady [table of čekolady] – chocolate bar
Tabor [camp] – 1) convoy, 2) park (cars, etc.)
Taternictwo [taternitstfo] – mountaineering in the Tatras
Termin [term] – 1) term, 2) term. Przez terminem – ahead of schedule
Teść [teshch'] – father-in-law, father-in-law. Teściowa [teshchyova] – mother-in-law, mother-in-law
Tłusty [tўusty] – fatty, greasy. Tłusta śmietana [tўusta śmetana] – fatty sour cream. Tłuszcz [tushch] – fat
Torba [bag] – bag. Torebka [torepka] – 1) handbag, 2) bag
Traktat [treatise] - agreement. Traktat pokojowy [Pokojowy’s treatise] – peace treaty
Twarz [tfash] – face. W tej sukni jest pani do twarzy [f tej sukni eats pani do twarzy] – this dress suits you
Ubić [kill] – 1) compact, 2) beat
Ubiegły [run away] – past, past. W ubiegłym roku – last year
Ubierać się [take away] – get dressed
Uciekać [уҷекаҷь] – to run away. Uciezcka [ugechka] – escape. Wyciezcka [excursion] – excursion
Ucieszyć (się) [уҷешѷь се] – to please (sya)
Uczciwy [uchivy] – honest, conscientious
Ukłon [ukўon] - bow, hello. Ukłonić się [ukўoniҷь] – bow
Ukrop [dill] – boiling water
Ulotka [flyaway] – leaflet
Umysł [intention] – mind, mind. Umysłowy [umysўovy] – mental. Umyślny [deliberate] – intentional
Upływać [upўyvaҷь] – expire, pass (about time). Termin upływa – the term expires
Upominać [mention] – to teach, to make a remark. Upominać się [mention yet] – demand. Upomnienie [mentioned] – remark, reminder. Upominek [upominek] – gift
Uprawa [government] – 1) cultivation of the land, 2) breeding, cultivation. Uprawiać [manage] – 1) to cultivate, process, 2) to engage. Uprawa buraków [burakuf administration] – beet growing. Uprawiać sport [manage sport] – play sports
Uroda [beauty] – beauty
Urok [charm] – charm. Uroczy [lessons] – charming. Uroczystość [urochystość] – celebration, celebration
Ustać [get tired] – stop, stop. Deszcz ustał [dešch ustaŞ] – the rain has stopped
Uśmiech [ushmekh] – smile. Uśmiechać się [ushmekhaҷy] – smile
Uwaga [respect] – 1) attention, 2) note, remark. Zwrócić uwagę [zwrócić uwagę] – pay attention. Uważny [respected] – attentive. Uważać [respect] – 1) to be attentive, 2) to count, to believe. Zauważać [respect] – to notice.
Waga [waga] – 1) weight, 2) scales. Ważyć [important] – 1) to weigh, 2) to weigh. Ważny [important] – 1) important, 2) valid (about the document). Ile dni jest ważny bilet? – how many days is the ticket valid for? Upoważnić [respect] – empower
Wesele [vesele] – wedding
Widzieć [vidҗеҷь] – to see. Widzieć się [see yet] – see each other. Do widzenia! [to vidzen] - goodbye! Punkt widzenia [point of widzenia] – point of view. Widno [visible] - light. Robi się widno [robishly visible] – it’s dawning. Widnokrąg [visnokrok] – 1) horizon, 2) horizon
Wieprzowina [vepshovina] – pork
Winnica [vinnitsa] – vineyard
Winny [vinny] – 1) wine, 2) guilty
Własny [vўasny] – own. Własność [vўasność] – 1) property, 2) property. Właściciel [vўҷiҷel] – owner, master. Właściciel samochodu [vўashchҷiҷel self-propelled] – the owner of the car.
Właśnie [vўashne] – exactly
Włókno [fiber] – fiber. Włóczka [vўuchka] – yarn. Włókiennictwo [vukennitstfo] – textile production
Wniosek [introduced] – 1) proposal, 2) conclusion, conclusion. Who is the best for wnioskiem? – who is for the proposal?
Woda [water] – water. Wodociąg [vodok] – water supply. Wodotrysk [water search] - fountain
Wołowina [voўovina] – beef
Woń [stench] – smell, aroma. Wonny [wonny] - fragrant.
Wschód [fshut] – 1) east, 2) sunrise. Wschodni [fkhodni] – eastern
Wstęp [fstamp] – entrance. Wstęp wolny [vstęp are free] – admission is free. Wstępny [fstampny] – introductory. And also “Entrance” will be wejście [way]. “Exit” – wyjście [exit]. Występ [vystamp] – 1) protrusion, 2) performance.
Wtyczka [ftychka] – plug
Wybaczyć [vybachyć] – forgive, excuse
Wybitny [embossed] – outstanding
Wyborca [voter] – voter
Wyborny [elected] – excellent, wonderful
Wybryk [bryk] - trick
Wybuch [bulge] – explosion, eruption. Wybuchać [bulge] – 1) to explode, 2) to get irritated
Wychylać (się) [to stick out] – to stick out. Nie wychylać się! - Keep your head down!
Wydawać [issue] – 1) to issue, 2) to issue, 3) to spend.
Wydawca [issuer] – publisher. Wydawnictwo [issued] – 1) publishing house, 2) edition.
Wydatek [vydatek] – consumption. Ponosić wydatki [night stand] – bear expenses. Wydatkować [issue] – spend.
Wypadek [fall] - incident, incident
Wzór [vzur] – 1) sample, 2) drawing, pattern. Wzorcowy [zortsovy] – exemplary, standard
Zabawa [fun] – 1) game, entertainment, 2) party. Zabawa taneczna [taneczna fun] - dance evening. Zabawka [zabafka] – toy
Zabieg [zabek] – medical procedure, operation. Zabiegi [races] – measures
Zabytek [zabytek] is an ancient monument. Zabytkowy [zabytkovy] – ancient
Zachcianka [zakhyanka] – whim, caprice (chcieć [хҷеҷь] – want)
Zachód [zahut] – 1) west, 2) sunset, 3) troubles. Zachodni [zahodni] – western. Bez zachodu - no hassle
Zakazać [order] – prohibit. Zakaz [zakas] – prohibition. Zakaźny [zakaźny] – infectious, contagious
Zakład [zakat] – enterprise, establishment. Zakład krawiecki [Zakład krawiecki] – fashion studio. Zakładowy [zakadovy] – factory
Zakon [law] is a monastic order. Zakonnik [legalist] – monk. Zakonnica [legalist] – nun
Zaliczka [zalichka] – advance
Zamach [swing] – assassination attempt. Zamach stanu [I will swing] – coup d’etat
Zamiar [freeze] – intention. Mam zamiar... [mam zamiar] - I intend (have the intention)... Zamierzać [interchange] - intend
Zamordować [zamordować] – kill
Zapamiętać [zapament] – remember
Zapominać [remember] – forget. Zapomnieć [remember] – forget. Proszę nie zapomnieć – please don’t forget. Niezapominajka [unforgettable] - forget-me-not.
Zaprosić [request] – invite. Zaproszenie [requested] – invitation
Zapytać [to interrogate] – ask
Zarazek [zarazek] – bacillus, bacterium
Zasada [ambush] – basis, principle. W zasadzie [in ambush] – in principle
Zastanowić się [zastanović yet] – think, think about. Zastanović się nad sensem życia [zastanović nat seᴴsem zhyҷya] – think about the meaning of life
Zastępować [stamping] – replace, replace. Zastępca [zastemptsa] – deputy
Zatelefonować [zatelefonova] – call by phone
Zatrudnić [difficulty] – provide work, hire. Zatrudnienie [difficult] – work, occupation. Zatrudnienie niepełne [difficult nepeўne] – part-time work
Zawał [zavaў] – heart attack
Zawód [zavut] – profession, specialty. Zawodowiec [factory owner] – professional, specialist.
Zawody [factories] – competitions, competitions. Zawodnik [breeder] – competition participant
Zawodzić [factory] – to deceive, let down
Zdanie [building] – 1) opinion, 2) sentence (grammatical)
Złodziej [zўodҗey] – thief
Znajdować się [know more] – to be. Gdzie się znajduje?.. [where else do you know] – where is it located?..
Zniżać [lower] – reduce. Zniżka [znishka] – discount, price reduction. Bilet zniżkowy [zniżkowy ticket] – discount ticket
Zrozumieć [to understand] – to understand. Zrozumiały [zrozumyaўy] – understandable
Żagiel [jagel] – sail. Żeglarstwo [zheglarstfo] – 1) navigation, 2) sailing. Żeglować [zheglevak] – sail on a ship
Żałoba [zhaoba] – mourning
Żałować [zhaўovaҷь] – regret
Żarówka [zharufka] – light bulb
Żelazo [zhelyazo] – iron. Żelazko [zhelasko] – iron
Żurnal [magazine] – fashion magazine (all other types of magazines are called czasopismo [hour writing])
Żyletka [vest] – blade (vest – kamizelka [kamiselka])
Żywność [living] – food
Something like this. Some words you can simply memorize, others you can develop associations with. If you know more similar words, write in the comments.
It will also be interesting:
It’s great to speak Polish fluently, without an accent and use past tense forms or change numerals without a single mistake. But it is equally important to sound lively and authentic in a foreign language. Using introductory words, particles and linking words in your speech will help you speak like a real Pole. It is good to demonstrate knowledge of such vocabulary at university entrance exams, at the Pole’s Card exam, and in negotiations with Polish clients. Even if your Polish vocabulary is limited, using the words discussed below will make an impression on your interlocutor.
So, let's begin.
Więc [crown]- means, that is, so, so.
- To jest pilna sprawa, więc musimy działać szybciej. - This is an important matter, so we must work faster.
- A więc jeżeli chcecie wyjechać do Polski, musicie załatwić sobie wizę. - So, if you want to go to Poland, you must get yourself a visa.
- Dlaczego to zrobiłaś? - No, no… Myślałam, że się uda... - Why did you do this? - Well, you know... I thought it would work out...
- Nie uczyłam się, więc dostałam jedynkę. - I didn’t study, so I got a unit.
- Przyjechali wszyscy, a więc mama, tata, siostry. - Everyone has arrived, that is, mom, dad, sisters.
- No time, dobrze, omówimy następny temat. - Well, okay, let's discuss the next question/topic.
- Więc t wierdzisz, że nie masz z tym nic wspólnego? - So, you're saying that you have nothing to do with this?
Also good to consume więc, answering a question related to listing something or the question “where did it all start?”
A wię c po kolei, to było tak... - Which means in turn, it was like this...
Czyli- that is, in this way, and therefore.
This word will help summarize, clarify what was said and “glue” the two parts of the sentence together.
- To się nazywa bezokolicznik, czyli bezosobowy czasownik. - This is an infinitive, that is, an impersonal verb.
- On przyszedł na godzinę później, czyli się spóźnił. - He arrived an hour late, that is, he was late.
- Jutro jedziemy nad morze, czyli nie będziemy mogli pójść na koncert. - Tomorrow we are going to the sea, which means we won’t be able to go to the concert.
Oczywiście- obviously, of course, of course.
Mainly used as an affirmative answer to a question that does not raise doubts:
- Oczywiście nikogo już tam nie było. - Of course, no one was there anymore.
- To był oczywiście zły dzień. - It was, of course, a bad day.
- Mam oczywiście na myśli ciebie. - I, of course, meant you.
- Pójdziesz z nami do kina? - Oczywiście!-Will you go to the cinema with us? - Certainly!
N.B. ! In Polish, unlike Russian, the word oczywiś cie is not separated by commas on both sides.
Owszem- Yes, of course; by itself.
Used as an affirmative answer to the interlocutor’s question
- Chyba nie zrobisz teraz tego? - Owszem, zrobę. - You won’t do this now, will you? - Of course I will.
- Lubisz polskie potrawy? - Owszem, ale nie bardzo lubię bigosu. - Do you like Polish cuisine? - Yes, but I don’t really like bigos.
- Wiedziałaś o tym wszystkim? - Owszem. - Did you know about all this? - By itself.
Rzeczywiście- really.
We can also use it when we want to show surprise ( Truth? seriously?)
- Zobacz, ona narobiła tyle pomyłek, a powiedziała, że napisała dobrze. - Rzeczywiście, dawno nie widziałam tak źle napisanego testu. - Look, she made so many mistakes, but she said that she wrote well. - It’s true that I haven’t seen such a poorly written test for a long time.
- Czy rzeczywiście opowiadasz tak jak było? -Are you really telling it like it happened?
- Rzeczywiście? Pracowałaś w lombardzie? - Is it true? Did you work in a pawn shop?
Naprawdę- synonym rzeczywiście; really, really.
By using this word, we either confirm the veracity of what was said or express our surprise.
- Naprawdę nie wiesz, who to zrobił? - You don’t actually know who did it?
- Czego so naprawdę ode mnie chcesz? - What do you really want from me?
- To best naprawdę dobry człowiek. - This is actually a good person.
- Ty naprawdę myślałeś, że pozwolę ci to zrobić? “Did you actually think I would let you do this?”
Jasne- the same as oczywiście, only more conversational.
- Czy ona pójdzie ze mną do kina? - Jasne,że pójdzie! Nie pozwolę jej siedzieć w domu. - Will she go to the cinema with me? - Of course / Of course it will! I won't let her sit at home.
Właśnie- actually, exactly, exactly.
Poles use this word very often.
- Lektorka powiedziała, że będziemy mieli sprawdzian w poniedziałek. - No problem, mówiłam ci, po co nie słuchałaś? - The teacher said that on Monday we will have a test (test). - That's right, I told you, why didn't you listen?
- Koledzy! Mam ciekawą historię dla was! - No problem opowiadam już, nie przeszkadzaj. - Friends, I have an interesting story for you! - And I’m already telling it, don’t bother me.
- Właśnie to, co Pani powiedziała, mnie najbardziej interesuje. - It is what you said that interests me most.
- Właśnie nie wiem, jak to powiedzieć. - Actually, I don’t know how to say this.
- Właśnie dzwoniłem do Pana. - I just called you.
- Tato, to właśnie jest mój chłopak. - Dad, this is actually my boyfriend.
- Czy mogę jechać z tobą? Właśnie uciekł mi tramwaj. -Can I go with you? I just didn’t have time to catch the tram (my tram just left).
NB! No = Russian “well”
Powiem szczerze/powiem ci szczerze/powiem Pani szczerze/powiem Panu szczerze- Honestly.
You can use the pronouns Pan/Pani if you want to add formality to your statement:
- Powiem szczerze, że nie miałam na myśli obrażać ciebie. - Honestly, I didn’t want to offend you.
- Powiem Panu szczerze, że nie bardzo się znam na czasownikach. - I’ll be honest, I don’t really understand the topic of verbs.
Powiem ci- I'll tell you.
- Powiem ci, że ta kobieta jest bardzo atrakcyjna. - I'll tell you that this woman is very attractive.
- Powiem ci, kim jest ta dziewczyna - aniołem. - I'll tell you who this girl is - an angel.
Przecież- actually, after all (or maybe not translated at all).
Has nothing to do with the word przeciwnie (disgusting, on the contrary, on the contrary):
- Przecież mówiłam ci, że dzisiaj ja idę z psem. - I told you that today I’m going for a walk with the dog.
- Nie wiem, dlaczego nie przyszedł, przecież umawialiśmy się! - I don’t know why he didn’t come, because we agreed!
No wiesz- well, well, damn it, you know.
Usually these words illustrate some kind of disappointment, surprise, or confirmation of a guess (like: well, you know):
- Chcesz jajecznicę? - So. - Patelnia i jajka są tam, zrób sobie sam. - No wiesz...- Do you want scrambled eggs? - Yes. - The frying pan and the eggs are there, do it yourself. - Here you go…
- Kupiłam sobie tą bluzkę, no wiesz, z takim długim rękawem, co mi się wtedy spodobała. - I bought myself a blouse, you know/remember, with such long sleeves that I liked it then.
- No wiesz, ona zawsze ma wybór. - Well, you know, she always has a choice.
- A potem pomyślałem: " No wiesz, zrobiłeś to!” - And then I thought: “Well, you did it!”
Niestety- Unfortunately.
A word that comes up already in the first lessons of the Polish language, but at an advanced level often manages to fly out of your head:
- Czy wie pan, która teraz godzina? - Niestety, nie wiem, nie mam zegarka. - Do you know what time it is now? - Unfortunately, no, I don’t have a watch with me.
- Niestety, nie da się tego zrobic. - Unfortunately, it won’t be possible to do this.
Ponieważ- because.
This is a conjunction expressing the cause (can be replaced by the conjunction bo or latego ż e).
- Nie zrobiłam tego zadania, ponieważ nie miałam książki. - I didn’t do this task because I didn’t have a book.
- On nie odebrał słuchawki, ponieważ był na zajęciach. - He didn’t answer the phone because he was in class.
Serio?Na serio? - seriously? no kidding? Truth?
- Dostałam jedynkę z matematyki, mama mnie zabije… - Mówisz Serio? No to musisz jakoś to naprawić! - I got a unit in mathematics, my mother will kill me... - Are you serious? Well, you have to fix all this somehow!
- Nie bierz tego na serio, to głupi żart. - Don't take this seriously, it's a stupid joke.
- Kupiliśmy nowe mieszkanie! - Serio? Gratuluję! - We bought a new apartment! - Seriously? Congratulations!
Na razie- Bye.
Many people know this word only in meaning Goodbye. However na razie can also be used to mean for now:
- Już zdecydowałeś, dokąd pojedziesz na weekend? - Na razie(jeszcze) nie. -. Have you already decided where you will go this weekend? - Not yet.
- Czy zostajesz się w pracy? - Na razie so. -Are you staying at work? - For now, yes.
- Moja mama na razie jeszcze nie była w Polsce, ale chcę, żeby zrobiła sobie wizę i przyjechała. - My mother has not been to Poland yet, but I want her to get a visa and come.
No good- OK then; OK.
Typically used at the beginning of a sentence.
- No good, please do kina. - Okay, let's go to the cinema.
- No good, niech ci będzie. - Well, okay, let it be your way.
By using these words you will be able to give the impression that you speak Polish well. Also pay attention to the constructions used above and use them in your speech.
