Do-it-yourself water supply from a well

Water supply of a private house from a well is an excellent alternative to a central water supply. There are many reasons why this method can be called the best:

• no need to deal with paperwork;
• there will be no bills for the consumed resource;
• high water quality;
• tap water will flow regardless of scheduled and unscheduled plumbing repairs.

Benefits of drinking water from a well

Well execution has a number of advantages in comparison with other variations of autonomous water supply:

• low cost of the process of organizing water supply from a well compared to drilling an artesian or sand well;
• ease of installation of the system from this source;
• there is no need to obtain official permission to connect to the source from government organizations.
• long life of the well.

Difficulties most often arise if there is no well on the site at all or the old one has already dried up and is clogged. In this case, the intervention of a professional will be necessary, since an unprepared person, having dug out a code-dweller on his own, may experience a number of problems in the future:

• melt water entering the well in the spring due to improper installation of concrete rings;
• poor water quality due to the wrong location of the well;
• the wrong place can also change the balance of groundwater, which will come close to the surface, swamp the soil and wash the foundation of the house.

As you can see, it is impossible to provide water supply to a private house from a well without certain skills and knowledge.

Private house water supply scheme

After the location of the well is chosen, it is necessary to determine what elements the entire system will consist of. The main ones are:

• tanks, water pressure relays, storage tanks, hydraulic accumulators;
• pumping stations and other water-lifting devices;
• pipes to create a water supply network.

Water supply from a well does not require the purchase of expensive equipment and other components of the system. As a pump, you can purchase the most economical option - external. However, its effectiveness is determined by the distance from housing to the well, that is, the closer the source is to the house, the more productive the operation of the pumping device will be.

To organize a pipeline network, it is better to choose metal-plastic or plastic pipes. This choice is explained by the fact that steel or metal pipes will oxidize over time, rust and give the water an unpleasant taste and color.

The choice of materials for the well

The next most important stage after the preparation of the pit is the strengthening of its walls. Various materials are used for this, but the main ones are:

• wood,
• reinforced concrete rings,
• brick,
• natural stone.

The first method requires the use of moisture-resistant wood species, such as oak or pine. It may even change the taste of the water. For example, when using pine logs, it will give off an appropriate coniferous aroma for some time.

The cheapest way is to use concrete rings and bricks. But it is worth noting that in the case of using unreinforced concrete, the rings will quickly begin to crumble.

The most expensive, but at the same time not having great advantages, is to strengthen the walls of the mine with stone.

The part of the well, which rises above the surface of the earth, used to be called the head. Its production depends only on the imagination of the master. Most often it is a small log cabin, covered with a wooden roof from above. This design is not only practical, but also a beautiful element of landscape design.

How to bring water into the house from a well

In order for the water supply system from the well to serve the user effectively and for a long time, work begins with finding out the place of the source. For these purposes, a frame (vine) is still used. Or they conduct a geodetic analysis.

When the desired site is found, you can start sampling the land. For all its simplicity, digging the soil is the defining stage of well installation. It depends on the lifetime of the source. Work here implies some physical training of the diggers themselves.

You can probably call on technology to help. But the most mobile and "skillful" excavators are unlikely to be able to take the soil deeper than 4-5 m. In addition, the powerful intervention of a mechanized bucket provokes destabilization of the wall density. This means that in the future the water supply system from the well will be more often subject to deformations of the source walls. The impressive cost of delivery of an earth-moving machine and its work also very often inclines the customer to the choice of manual labor.

A typical model of such a water intake is formed by reinforced concrete ring fragments. The shaft is dug to a predetermined depth. Then, elements from reinforced concrete are lowered into it with a winch one at a time. The latter are manufactured at production facilities of different levels of equipment and technologies. Therefore, it will be good to make sure ahead of time of the quality of the rings being purchased (uniformity of the material, the same dimensions, the absence of cracks, etc.). In the process of deepening, periodic reconciliation of the dimensions of the ring and the diameter of the shaft is necessary. Verticality is maintained by a plumb line.

Any water supply system from a well begins with the formation of a source. In principle, it can be dug in any season. Just don't do it in the spring. You can make a big mistake with the location of underground hydroflows.

Automation of the water pumping process

If the water supply of a private house from a well is fully automated, then there will be no need to run every time for water with buckets. This will require the use of special equipment. The main type of such equipment is a well pump. Its device has a number of design features, for example, the presence of a float switch and a strainer at the inlet. Also, any electrical device must be reliably protected from moisture ingress.

In practice, two types of pumps are commonly used:

• with a pre-installed suction grate. They are usually mounted suspended, which is the best solution for a silted bottom.
• with a support that can be fixed at the bottom of a closed tank.

Thus, the process can be broken down into a number of smaller steps. Most of them can be done on your own. The involvement of a professional will only be needed to select the location of the well and carry out electrical work.

Armed with the necessary tools and materials, as well as reading the recommendations and advice of experienced people on this topic, you can equip a full-fledged water supply at home. The presence of a constant water supply makes it possible to develop the infrastructure of the building

Devices necessary for the organization of water supply

• Pump. It should be borne in mind that the choice of pump depends on the depth of the well and the volume of water supplied. The deep submersible element has proven itself well.
• Pressure switch. This electric device is designed to turn off the pump after reaching a certain pressure in the system. Shutdown is made automatically, according to the set parameters.
• Check valve. This device is needed to maintain the desired level of pressure in the pump and prevent the outflow of water back into the well.
• Pipe kit.
• Mounts and corners.

Organization of water supply

The process of organizing water supply to a house from a well is carried out in several stages.

It is necessary to dig a trench from the well to the room. The depth depends on the freezing of the soil in this region, but must be at least 1.0 meters. At the base of the well you need to make a hole. You can do this job with a sledgehammer, and then fill the connector with mortar.

Next, you need to lower a flexible hose (or pipe) into the well, previously screwed to the pump along with a check valve. The depth should be equal to the usual water intake depth (depending on the terrain).

A plastic pipe is laid in the trench, and next to it is a cable for the pump. As a rule, the cable length is approximately 40 meters. In the case when the basic cable length is not enough, you can add the missing centimeters by "building". This procedure is performed only with minimal knowledge in the field of power supply. Special attention must be paid to safety when working with the water pump cable.

After laying the pipe and cable, you can proceed to the connection. The method of connecting pipes depends on their type and material of manufacture. Metal products are connected by welding, and for plastic pipes, there are several connection methods. Whichever method is chosen, the main thing is that it ensures tightness. Plastic parts have an advantage over metal ones in that they do not crack when water freezes.

After the system has been connected, a relay must be connected to it. Be sure to check the settings of the device, not blindly trusting the factory settings. Also, a pump cable must be connected to the relay. On the surface of the relay cover, the method of attaching these elements to it is indicated.

The next step is to connect the pump cable to the network. It is recommended to pre-install a separate machine and socket for this purpose.

A tap must be installed on the pressure switch, which is an adapter for pipes distributed throughout the house.

Piping in a country house

After the pipe from the well has been brought into the house, it is necessary to make internal wiring for products that deliver water to the right place. To perform this task effectively, the following guidelines should be followed:

• at the lowest point of the system, you need to install a water outlet with a tap. This is necessary for draining during repair or maintenance work.
• it is better not to connect the toilet with a plastic pipe. Occasional pressure drops can cause pipe failure;
• these same drops can damage the joints of the elements throughout the entire system. Therefore, you should carefully consider the connection of pipes to each other;

There is another way to organize water supply from a well - using a pumping station. Unlike a submersible pump, such a unit has a limited immersion depth of up to 9 meters. The pump cannot lift water from a deeper level. Such systems are of two types:

1. Pumping station with hydraulic accumulator. Such a mechanism is equipped with a surface pump and a tank. Such a station provides for pumping water into the tank until the desired pressure is formed. When the valve is opened, water flows out of the faucet. The task of the surface pump in this design is to turn on when a certain amount of water from the tank is used up. The advantage of this type of pump is that there is always a certain amount of liquid in the tank, which can be consumed during a power outage or a malfunction with the device.

Among the negative qualities of such a pump, possible pressure drops in the system should be noted. A long one-time water supply is accompanied by a large number of switching on and off the device itself.

2. The automatic pump has the same operating principle as the surface pump. The only difference is that it does not accumulate water in the tank. Opening the tap stimulates the start of the pump, and closing - shutdown. The automatic unit has special protection against dry running and is equipped with a filtration system. As a rule, such products are designed for fairly frequent turning on and off of the water supply and, unlike surface ones, have no problems with pressure drop. This pump is relatively small.

To install a pumping station, you will need the following devices:

• water filter (to protect the pump housing or tank from clogging);
• idle protection relay (to prevent the pump from overheating in the event of a drop in the water level in the well);
• non-return valve (does not allow the reverse flow of water after it enters the b
• pressure switch (allows you to monitor the level of pressure in the system);
• automation unit (for placing a relay in it);
• voltage stabilizer (to protect the electrical elements of the pump in case of voltage drops in the electrical network).

Before installing the pump, determine its location, as well as the distance from this place to the water source. Another important parameter is the depth of immersion.

As a rule, pumping stations are placed inside the house or utility room, if the distance to the water source allows it. If the house is removed from the well, the pump can be installed in close proximity to the water source. To do this, you need to dig a recess and carefully strengthen it and protect the device from moisture and the influence of ambient temperatures.

Each of the methods of organizing water supply from a well is good in its own way, and can be applied taking into account all the pros and cons. The main thing is that they make it possible to have a bathroom, shower or washstand in the absence of a centralized water supply. Such systems are very common in summer cottages, suburban areas or in villages.

In the event that it is planned to operate the well throughout the year, and not just in the summer, some recommendations must be observed during its installation:

• you need to carefully choose a quality pump that will have the right power;
• it is necessary to take responsibility for the thermal insulation of the well;
• if possible, allocate a warm room in which a hydraulic accumulator and a pumping station will be installed.

Water supply from a well requires careful organization of thermal insulation of the pipeline. There are several effective solutions for this:

• apply high-quality insulation material in the process of thermal insulation of pipes;
• use a special heating cable;
• bury the pipeline system below the level of soil freezing.

However, the latter option is quite difficult to complete, especially if the distance from the housing to the well is large enough. Therefore, the best option would be a combination of all methods and the use of such a combined solution.