Insulation of the roof from the inside with mineral wool in stages. Technology of how to insulate a roof with mineral wool. Insulating the attic from the inside with mineral wool: a worthy alternative to penoplex

The most important condition for comfortable living in your own home at any time of the year and with the lowest possible costs for energy resources used for heating and air conditioning is a reliable Moreover Almost all areas of the building must be insulated. Roofing is no exception, which, by the way, is not always remembered by inexperienced novice developers.

If you look at the percentage of heat losses of any building that does not have proper thermal insulation, you will see that the “lion’s share” of them falls on the attic floor and roof. The specificity of this section of the overall structure of the house also imposes special requirements on the materials used for its insulation. Let's try to understand this issue to help the reader eliminate possible mistakes and make the right choice. So, what is the best roof insulation?

The need for roof insulation

First of all, it is necessary to dispel doubts about the need for roof insulation. Let's start with this.

The limited area of ​​land for building a house, and simply considerations of the most efficient construction with the lowest possible costs, often encourage owners to make useful use of the attic space. Attic “floors” are very popular these days, when the attic turns into a full-fledged living space, no different from other rooms in terms of convenience and comfort. You can also place a utility room in the attic, for example, a warm pantry, office or workshop.

It is clear that with this approach to the beneficial use of the attic space, no doubts about the insulation of the roof arise. Whatever type of roofing is chosen, none of them will provide the required protection from winter cold. And in the hot summer, the roof slopes heat up to such an extent in the sun that staying in an uninsulated attic becomes not only uncomfortable, but even completely intolerable from the heat. This, by the way, should never be discounted - insulation, or more correctly, thermal insulation of the roof helps to ensure an optimal microclimate in the attic at any time of the year.

But what about those whose immediate construction plans do not include converting the attic into a useful space? Maybe we should limit ourselves only to high-quality thermal insulation of the attic floor?

How is the attic floor insulated?

The ceiling of a room bordering on top of an unheated and uninsulated attic becomes not a “bridge”, but an entire “highway” for heat losses. This can be eliminated by performing a whole range of thermal insulation works. – read in a special publication on our portal.

Of course, we can limit ourselves to this. But it would be better to listen to the arguments in favor of insulating the roof slopes, even if this is associated, of course, with additional costs:

• All details of the rafter system and the internal arrangement of the attic will be protected from the destructive effects of temperature and humidity changes. Therefore, the durability of the entire roof structure as a whole will increase.

• Energy efficiency increases sharply when considered on a building-wide scale. That is, the insulation of the roof, even with high-quality thermal insulation of the attic floor, will still make its “mite” in achieving the most comfortable conditions at minimal cost from an external energy source.
• Most modern insulation materials have the ability to effectively absorb sound vibrations. Insulated roof slopes will not become “resonators” during heavy rain or hail. This is especially true for roofing materials traditionally considered “noisy” - metal or slate.

• Finally, what seems unnecessary or temporarily unfulfillable today may turn into a pressing need in the future. This means that current circumstances may lead the owners of the house to the idea of ​​​​the need to expand the usable area due to the attic space. So it’s better to have a warm attic right away than to subsequently do it “from scratch,” which can often involve reworking or replacing individual elements of the rafter system that have already experienced long-term negative influence of external factors. Sometimes such work cannot be carried out without temporarily removing the roof covering. In short, it will be much more expensive. So it makes sense to think ahead in advance.

Criteria that roof insulation must meet

To make the right choice, you need to know the criteria by which this material should be evaluated. There are many of these criteria, and it should immediately be noted that not a single insulation material fully meets all of them. So you often have to choose which advantage to give preference to.

So, the “ideal” material for thermal insulation of a roof seems to be one that meets all the following requirements:

• Of course, thermal insulation qualities should be placed in the first position. The material must have low thermal conductivity, that is, create the maximum possible resistance to heat transfer under specific application conditions. This indicator can be assessed by looking at the thermal conductivity coefficient, which must be indicated in the list of thermal insulation characteristics. To insulate the roof, where you can’t really “scatter” with the thickness of the insulation and the weight of the thermal insulation structure, they try to use materials with a thermal conductivity coefficient of no more than 0.05 W/m×C°. And the lower this figure, the better.
• The second most important factor is the density of the material. Nobody needs unnecessary overloads on the rafter system. So the less the insulation layer that is sufficient to create comfortable conditions weighs, the better.
• The problem with many insulating materials is their excessive hygroscopicity, that is, the ability to absorb moisture literally from the air. And overmoistening always leads to at least a loss of thermal insulation qualities. This means that ideally the insulation should have a minimum moisture absorption, and even better – pronounced hydrophobicity. This is especially important in roof conditions, where exposure to moisture cannot be avoided.
• The insulation material must maintain its qualities over a wide temperature range. That is, thermal insulation should “work” equally well both in extreme frosts and in the peak of summer heat.

• The most important qualities of a material, especially used for roof insulation, are fire safety indicators. This concerns fire resistance, the ability to become a flame spreader, smoke generation, toxicity of combustion products. The ideal material appears completely non-flammable, but, alas, in this matter many insulation systems are far from doing well.
• The stability of the material, that is, its durability under real operating conditions. An ideal insulation should not change shape or volume, be resistant to chemical or biological decay, spontaneous or due to external negative influence of one type or another.
• The insulation should not serve as a breeding ground for microorganisms, nor should it be an attractive place for nests of insects, birds, and mice. And this, by the way, is also a very difficult problem to solve.
• Thermal insulating material during operation should not pose a danger in terms of the release of fumes harmful to human health or other environmental pollutants.
• For those who are going to carry out thermal insulation work on their own, the clarity and simplicity of working with the material is important, which does not require excessive effort, special experience, or special equipment.
• Finally, an important criterion for any building material, including insulation materials, has been and remains affordability.

As you can see, there are a lot of criteria for assessing the quality of thermal insulation materials. And now we will begin to “try on” them with insulation materials that are suitable for thermal insulation of a pitched roof.

What insulation can be considered the best for roofing?

This publication will mainly focus on the most common V private construction pitched roof. Flat roofs have their own specific thermal insulation properties, and the materials used for this purpose may be different. Thus, bulk insulation, special mortars with special filling, high-density mineral wool slabs and other materials are widely used. This issue requires a separate detailed consideration, so it will be omitted in this article.

And for pitched roofs, where on The insulation itself will not have a significant mechanical impact; they still try to use materials with a low specific gravity. They can be divided into three groups:

• Insulation with fiber structure.
• Rigid insulation with a gas-filled porous structure.
• Sprayed insulation.

These groups are also heterogeneous - materials can vary significantly in both basic composition and performance characteristics.

Insulation materials with fiber structure

This group of materials has one thing in common - they all represent an interweaving of thin fibers, due to which a layer of immobilized air is created enclosed in them. And this, in turn, becomes a thermal insulation layer. But the starting materials for the production of fibers can have serious differences, even down to their “nature” - mineral or organic. The first includes all types of mineral wool, the second subcategory includes cellulose-based ecowool.

Mineral wool

For thermal insulation of building structures in residential buildings, two types of mineral wool are used. In the first of them, fibers are formed from a melt of quartz glass, in the second, rocks of the basalt group serve as raw materials for production. Hence the names - glass wool and stone (basalt) wool.

There is another type of mineral wool - it is made from waste from metallurgical enterprises, slag. But it has not become widespread in residential construction, since it is inferior in both insulating qualities and durability. Yes and from the point of view of environmental safety Not everything is all right with her either. In a word, there is no particular point in focusing your attention on it.

Prices for mineral wool

mineral wool

But you should take a closer look at glass wool and basalt wool.

Mineral wool based on glass fibers

For the production of glass wool, broken glass and purified quartz sand are used as raw materials. After the mass is melted in ovens, thin fibers are drawn out of it using a special technology, which are then pressed into “carpets” using binding additives. At the final stage of production, the products are cut into blocks or mats of standard sizes.

The production process has been worked out for a long time, there is also no shortage of raw materials, and therefore the cost of glass wool is quite affordable, which predetermines its wide popularity. The inlet form is blocks (slabs), mats in rolls, and recently, easy-to-install slabs in rolls have also been practiced.

TO dignity m of glass wool include the following:

— The specific gravity of the insulation is small, and therefore its installation does not require much physical effort, and the thermal insulation system does not exert a significant load on the roof structure.

— Glass wool blocks or mats have good elasticity. That is, they can be laid in spaces that are somewhat smaller in size - after straightening, they fit quite tightly to each other and to the enclosing elements (in this case, most often to the rafter legs).

“The same quality allows us to significantly reduce the volume of material when packaging it on the production line. This property allows you to reduce overhead costs for transporting insulation. And after removing the packaging, the blocks or mats, expanding, take on the specified dimensions.

— The material is flexible, that is, it can be used for thermal insulation of complex, for example, curved or broken areas without additional cutting into smaller fragments.

At the same time, glass wool also has certain flaws which must not be forgotten:

— This insulation has a fairly high hygroscopicity. Therefore, when using it, special attention is paid to creating a reliable vapor barrier from the attic side, and to the possibility of free evaporation of moisture from the roof side. Otherwise, the insulation will quickly become damp and lose all its thermal insulation qualities.

— Glass fibers are quite fragile. This means that vibrating effects are completely contraindicated for glass wool. Small broken particles of fibers become a serious irritant to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes of the respiratory system, that is, thermal insulation work should be carried out in compliance with special protective measures. Measures should be taken to completely eliminate the possibility of these particles entering the atmosphere of the living area of ​​the house during operation, as they cause allergic reactions.

— The emission of formaldehyde, which is part of the binders, is also one of the disadvantages of the material. But this is more typical for cheap insulation materials of unknown brands (or even those that do not have any brand name at all - this happens too!) Leading manufacturers are trying to reduce emission rates to nothing, and many modern types of glass wool are approved for use not only in residential and public premises , but even in educational and medical institutions.

A few more words can be added about the “branding” of glass wool. The fact is that the construction market is filled with inexpensive materials of very dubious origin. In the production of such glass wool, either outdated technologies are used, or the process of technological control is completely absent. Such mats are characterized by high fiber fragility and strong shrinkage, and glass wool can turn into dust in just a few years. Naturally, there can be no question of any quality of thermal insulation of the roof here. So the pursuit of cheapness often results in considerable additional costs.

If you have already decided to use glass wool for roof insulation, then you should pay attention to quality products, for example, from the companies Ursa or Isover.

For example, let's take a closer look at the insulation from the line « UrsaGeo". For roof insulation from this series are suitable "A private house", "M -11" And "Pitched Roof", whose name speaks for itself.

The basis of all these materials is glass fiber with the addition of special mineral components that reduce the disadvantages characteristic of glass wool. Products from this range are considered completely safe for both humans and the environment.

The products of the Ursa company are characterized by a number of special advantages:

— The material belongs to the group completely non-flammable insulation materials. Not only does the insulation not ignite on its own, it can become a barrier to the spread of flame.

— The company’s technologists managed to reduce the emission of binding organic compounds to such a low level that it can be ignored altogether - it does not in any way affect the cleanliness of indoor air.

“Thanks to special mineral additives, which are the company’s technological secret, the glass fibers received additional elasticity, that is, it was possible to reduce their characteristic fragility.

— Many types of Ursa Geo thermal insulation, in particular Pitched Roofing, use the interesting URSA Spannfilz technology. This expression can be literally translated as “elastic felt.” The special structure of the fiber board gives it increased elasticity, and the insulating blocks fit very well between the rafters, which makes it possible to do without even additional fastening. And the tight fit eliminates the formation of voids, unfilled with insulation.

— Insulation materials are produced in a form that is very convenient for installation. For example, the “Pitched Roof” material consists of slabs in a roll, which greatly simplifies cutting to the desired size, if necessary.

— The manufacturer guarantees a long period of correctly laid thermal insulation without loss of its insulating properties, without shrinkage and destructuring– at least 50 years.

The main characteristics of fiberglass insulation from the Ursa Geo line, which is excellent for thermal insulation of a pitched roof, are given in the table.

	A private house	M-11	Pitched roof
Thermal conductivity coefficient, W/m×°С	0,045	0,044	0,040
Vapor permeability, mg/m×h×Pa	0,65	0,64	0,64
Fire safety class	KM0	KM0	KM0
Flammability group	NG	NG	NG
Operating temperature range, °C	60÷+220	60÷+220	60÷+220
Water absorption in 24 hours, kg/m², no more	1	1	1
Release form	mats on a roll	mats on a roll	slabs in roll
Dimensional parameters, mm
- length	8350	7000; 9000; 10000	3900; 3000
- width	1200	1200	1200
- thickness	50	50; 10	150;200
approximate cost	1100 rub/m³	roll 1200×10000×50 mm - 1220 rub.	980 rub. with a thickness of 150 mm; 1070 rub. with a thickness of 200 mm.

Basalt-based mineral wool

Fibers obtained from molten rocks gabbro-basalt groups have a number of advantages over glass ones. They become thinner and longer, they have more elasticity and much less fragility. All this gives mineral wool on this basis higher performance qualities. All the advantages inherent in glass wool are also inherent in basalt wool, and there are, in addition, a number of advantages.

Prices for basalt wool

basalt wool

It is even visually noticeable that high-quality basalt wool has a clearly homogeneous structure; it is given clear geometric shapes. It is much easier to work with such insulation - it is certainly not worth neglecting skin and respiratory protection, but it does not cause as much irritation as glass wool.

Basalt wool is also better at being hygroscopic - special treatment sharply reduces moisture absorption, and the products of some manufacturers even have properties close to hydrophobicity. But this still does not give grounds to refuse vapor barrier. Vapor permeability is high, that is, when the necessary conditions are created, even moisture that accidentally penetrates into the material will easily evaporate through the ventilation gaps of the roofing pie.

Products from well-known brands are also doing well with formaldehyde emission indicators - insulation materials have sanitary certificates with approval for safe use in any residential premises. By the way, it would never be a bad idea to check for a copy of such a certificate when purchasing any insulation material.

Basalt wool slabs are extremely easy to install - both due to their precise “geometry” and due to their pronounced elasticity. And besides, manufacturers provide other “chips”. For example, “ROCKWOOL LIGHT BUTTS SCANDIC” slabs, popular among builders, have an edge “spring-loaded” using a special technology, which ensures their precise and reliable fixation at the installation site - between rafters, beams,

An excellent solution for roof insulation - ROCKWOOL LIGHT BUTTS SCANDIC slabs with a springy edge zone, which makes installation simple and very reliable

Basalt wool has few significant disadvantages (if we are talking about really high-quality products from well-known brands). Perhaps this can only be attributed to the higher cost of the material.

The range of basalt insulation materials is quite wide. Along with the “heavyweights” in this area of ​​​​production - the companies ROCKWOOL, PAROC, TechnoNIKOL, the companies Basvul, Isobel, Izovol and others offer quite worthy products. Before purchasing, it makes sense to take a closer look at the brand you like - trustworthy companies always have informative Internet portals, and a network of representative offices has been organized throughout Russia.

As an example to familiarize yourself with the physical and operational characteristics, you can take the already mentioned above insulation “ROCKWOOL LIGHT BUTTS”. By the way, another advantage is that during packaging in production it is compressed by more than half due to vacuum technology. But when the packaging is removed, the slabs take on the specified dimensions without any loss of their performance.

Name of the main operational parameters of the material	Indicators
Thermal conductivity coefficient (W/m×°C):	0,039
Specific gravity (kg/m³)	30
Flammability group	NG
Fire safety class	KM0
Vapor permeability (mg/(m×h×Pa), not less	0.03
Moisture absorption when partially immersed	no more than 1kg/m²
Dimensions	800 ×600 mm (XL slabs - 1200× 600 mm)
thickness	50 or 100 mm (XL slabs - 100 and 150 mm)
approximate cost	- with a thickness of 50 mm - 145 rub./m² - 100 mm - 285 RUR/m² - 150 mm - 430 rub/m²

The service life of such thermal insulation is estimated at no less than 50 years.

Organic-based fiber insulation – ecowool

This insulation appeared in widespread use not so long ago, and is even unknown to many. Meanwhile, it shows very good thermal insulation qualities.

The basis for the production of ecowool is ordinary cellulose fibers obtained from wood waste, paper and other waste raw materials. The total cellulose content in this insulation reaches 80 ÷ 85 percent. The rest is additives that ensure the biological resistance of the material (boric acid) and special flame retardants that increase the resistance of cellulose to fire.

Thermal performance indicators of ecowool are very decent: the thermal conductivity coefficient is approximately in the range from 0.038 to 0.043 W/m×° WITH, that is, quite comparable to mineral wool.

The material is famous for its environmental cleanliness (hence its name), and antiseptic treatment reliably protects it from decay and decay, and from damage by pathogenic microflora. Rodents and insects do not make nests in ecowool.

According to the degree of flammability, the material belongs to group G 2 - low-flammable, self-extinguishing. Combustion products do not contain toxic substances, which is typical, for example, of synthetic insulation.

Ecowool is quite hygroscopic, so issues of reliable hydro- and vapor barrier will definitely have to be thought through. But due to the capillary structure of natural fibers, moisture also easily evaporates from the material without disturbing its qualities. Interestingly, in this way, ecowool insulation stands are able to “automatically” maintain optimal humidity balance in the room.

Prices for ecowool

Ecowool is laid using “dry” and “wet” technologies. But application by the “wet” method, that is, by spraying, is not particularly justified on roof slopes that have a negative slope on the attic side - there will be too much waste. Therefore, most often this insulation is blown into cavities that are created using vapor barrier membranes or the internal lining of the attic.

Insulation of roof slopes with ecowool - the material is blown into the created cavities using a special installation

The density of the insulating layer, depending on the application method, ranges from 40 to 75 kg/m³.

TO shortcomings Similar insulation includes the following:

— Even the “dry method” of laying ecowool (with the exception of floor insulation) requires a special installation. In addition, to perform such work well, well-developed skills are needed.

— The process of laying ecowool is very dusty in any case. You cannot start it without personal protective equipment.

The cost of ecowool ranges from 20 to 35 rubles per kilogram. Usually she comes on sale in sealed plastic bags, packaged in 15 or 20 kilograms.

It seems - not so much. But if you look at the price lists of services provided by manufacturers or distributors of such insulation, you will see that you will also have to pay approximately the same amount for installation. And without special equipment it is extremely difficult to do this. This, perhaps, is the most important “minus” of such thermal insulation.

Sprayed insulation

One of the most effective ways to insulate a roof is to spray foam insulation on the back side of the roof slopes. With this approach, the thermal insulation layer becomes almost seamless, that is, without leaving cold bridges.

There are several types of such materials. But the closest thing to “ideal” in terms of all criteria for thermal insulation quality is polyurethane foam.

Perhaps the most reliable and effective way of thermal insulation of a pitched roof is spraying polyurethane foam

The thermal conductivity coefficient of polyurethane foam is very low, estimated at less than 0.03 W/m×°C. The material shows excellent adhesion to almost all surfaces. A closed cell makes the insulation layer vapor-tight, which means that in some cases you can do without additional costs for vapor barrier.

However, all the advantages of the material are also combined with a rather high price. Moreover, polyurethane foam is synthesized directly on site from two initial components, for which special installations are used. That is, “lovers of independent creativity”, one way or another, will have to resort to calling a brigade. And this also costs a lot of money.

There is, however, a caveat - disposable mini-installations for spraying polyurethane foam have recently appeared in construction stores. However, their price is no lower than the cost of professional services.

If you look at the price lists of construction companies in the Central region of Russia, the cost of spraying polyurethane foam 100 mm thick on an area of ​​1 m² ranges from 1100 to 1400 rubles, depending on the manufacturer of the initial components. Agree, it’s very expensive.

We can talk a lot about polyurethane foam, but we will limit ourselves to the brief information given above. The fact is that on our portal a special publication is devoted to this type of insulation. By the way, it also talks about another type of foam insulation - penoizol, which can also be used for thermal insulation of roofs.

Prices for polyurethane foam

polyurethane foam

Special thermal insulation technology - foam insulation

These differ from all other insulation materials, first of all, in their special application technology. Read about the advantages and disadvantages and the features of working with them in a special article on our portal.

Synthetic-based rigid insulation boards

Polystyrene based materials

This group of insulation materials includes the familiar white foam and extruded polystyrene foam. Despite the similarity in chemical composition, the difference in the performance qualities of these materials is very large.

• Let's start with foam. And here we will immediately express a categorical judgment, with which some may not agree. However, using foam plastic for thermal insulation of roof slopes is extremely undesirable.

There are no words - foam plastic captivates with its low price, quite decent thermal insulation characteristics, lightness, and ease of installation. What more could you want?

But let's take a closer look at its shortcomings:

— The production of polystyrene foam is a fairly simple process that does not require highly complex equipment. And they do this business everywhere, very often without complying with any technical requirements. So talking about any quality standards is simply ridiculous.

— The main disadvantage of polystyrene foam is its flammability. And this material not only spreads flame very well, but also emits deadly toxic substances when burning. Literally a few breaths - and a person receives powerful poisoning, leading to the most tragic consequences. Statistics of fire tragedies show that if polystyrene foam catches fire, people have little chance of surviving even in a not very large fire. Is it worth planting such a “bomb” on such a vulnerable part of the building from the point of view of fire danger as the roof?

Prices for PIR boards

The main component of such boards is polyisocyanurate foam (abbreviated as PIR). It is a gas-filled rigid structure with isolated cells.

Thanks to the special production technology and the specifics of the polymer itself, insulation boards are still considered unsurpassed for its thermal insulation qualities. Thus, the manufacturer claims an absolutely fantastic thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.022 W/m×° WITH! In reality, in real conditions, it may, of course, be more, but even 0.025 is a very good indicator.

The material has high mechanical strength - up to 120 kPa at 10% deformation. At the same time, the density of the slabs does not exceed 40 kg/m³

Wide operating temperature range: from – 70 to + 110 °C.

Almost completely hydrophobic - a closed cell prevents moisture from penetrating inside.

PIR boards can be covered with foil, which gives them additional slickness against moisture. Other types of coatings are also practiced.

Many slab models have convenient tongue-and-groove locking connections, allowing large areas to be covered with a seamless coating.

One of the “pioneers” in the production of such thermal insulation was the Russian company Technonikol. Its product range includes slabs for insulating any areas of the building, including the roof. At the same time, the company also offers ready-made solutions - sets of materials for thermal insulation of the roof between the rafters, under them and on top of them - at the choice of the consumer.

The standard dimensions of the water bowls are 600×1200 mm. The thickness is selected according to need - there is a range of slabs with a thickness from 25 to 150 mm.

There is no doubt - such thermal insulation materials have a great future. But so far they have not become widespread - simply because of the high cost. So, depending on the specific type, the type of external coating and the thickness of the slabs, the price for them varies from 11 to 15 thousand rubles per cubic meter.

TechnoNIKOL is not the only company that has mastered the production of these innovative materials. Watch a video about the insulation of a pitched roof with PIR boards from the company " PirroGroup."

Video: Insulation of roof slopes with innovative thermal insulation - PIR-boards “PirroGroup”

Appendix: How to determine what thickness of insulation is required?

If the choice of insulation has become certain, then the question will inevitably arise - what thickness of thermal insulation should be made to ensure comfortable conditions in the attic. We will need to make a small calculation, and a convenient online calculator will help us with this.

The calculation is not particularly complicated. The algorithm is based on the fact that the thermal insulation system being created must create a total resistance to heat transfer no less than that established by the standards for a particular region, taking into account its climatic characteristics. You can find out the normalized thermal resistance from the attached diagram map. Please note that in this case we are interested in the red numbers - for coatings. This figure in the “three” is always the largest.

The second quantity required for calculation is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the insulating material. The operational values ​​of these coefficients for insulation materials, about which discussed in this publication.

If desired, you can also take into account the lining of the attic space, if it is solid. The materials of such cladding also have certain thermal insulation qualities. And this can, although not particularly large, still reduce the required thickness of the insulation. However, this item is optional, and if the skin is not taken into account, simply leave its thickness at the default value of 0 mm.

The final result will be shown in millimeters. All that remains is to bring it to the standard thickness of the selected insulation, rounded up. For example, it turned out to be 132 mm. You can use two-layer insulation with slabs 100 and 40 mm thick, or use slabs 150 mm thick. Here you can already choose for reasons of cost-effectiveness of one or another possible option and according to the planned insulation installation scheme.

Living in comfortable conditions is everyone's dream. Owners of private houses have the opportunity to insulate their homes themselves. Even if the attic space is not used as an attic, but performs a purely technological function, it still needs to be insulated. This is necessary so that warm air from the house does not escape through the attic to the outside. For many years and to this day, the most popular way to preserve heat is to insulate the roof and attic with mineral wool.

In this article

Characteristics of mineral wool as insulation

The most commonly used mineral wool material for roof insulation is produced in rolls and slabs. This thermal insulation material has been very popular for decades due to its properties:

• Rodents and insects do not spoil it and do not build their burrows here; mineral wool also does not contribute to the appearance of fungus.
• The material is quite durable and, if installed correctly, can last more than 50 years.
• Mineral wool does not support combustion and therefore does not contribute to the spread of fire. Up to a temperature of 900 o C does not change its properties and shape.
• Environmental friendliness is guaranteed by the supplier and is proven by the presence of a certificate. During the production process, all toxic substances are removed from the product and only products that are safe for humans are put on sale.
• Good protection from noise.
• Insulating a roof with mineral wool is not very difficult and can be done independently.
• Over time, the material does not undergo deformation, unlike some others.

Flaws

Along with these important positive characteristics, mineral wool also has its drawbacks, which can lead to undesirable health consequences, but they can be avoided by adhering to basic safety rules. When insulating a roof with mineral wool with your own hands, you need to take this into account.

The structure of sheets or slabs of mineral wool is more or less loose, so they can crumble, and small particles, getting on open areas of the body or in the respiratory tract, begin to irritate them greatly. Redness of the skin, itching and severe cough appear.

Paying attention to all of the above, when insulating a roof with mineral wool, it is mandatory to use special clothing, gloves and a respirator.

Safety rules for independent work

If you insulate the roof with mineral wool yourself inside the attic, you must adhere to the following safety measures:

• Be sure to provide ventilation.
• Cutting tools must be very sharp so that the material crumbles less and less fine fiberglass particles are formed in the air.
• Use a respirator mask and protective clothing. After carrying out work, be sure to wash your hands and face with plenty of running water.

Stages of roof insulation from the inside

Before you start insulating the roof from the inside with mineral wool, you need to carry out some preparatory work:

• Check the wooden structures of your roof for various types of defects - rotting, cracks, etc. If such unpleasant phenomena are found on beams or rafters, it is recommended to either clean them or replace them.
• All replaced parts of the roof must be covered with a moisture-repellent antiseptic coating. This can be easily done at home.
• It is necessary to check the correct operation of the ventilation, electrical, plumbing and gas systems if these communications pass through the attic.

After all the calculations have been made, all the necessary material has been purchased and the preparatory work has been done to check the condition of the attic space, you can proceed to the next stage of work - how to insulate the roof with mineral wool with your own hands. Any man who knows how to hold a hammer can insulate a roof, but despite its apparent simplicity, the process must be taken very seriously and follow the recommendations below.

• Attach the sheathing system to the rafters. Lay the boards at a distance of 20-30 cm. Place a heat insulator (mineral wool) between the rafters and attach it to the sheathing beams using self-tapping screws.
• The insulation is laid between the rafters in one or several layers. The thickness of the insulation layer should be calculated so that it is 5 cm less than the width of the rafter beam. The edges of the insulation material must fit tightly to the roof structure. This will provide better thermal insulation during the cold season. But still, if any cracks remain, they must be blown out with foam.
• On top of the mineral wool, it is necessary to lay waterproofing with a small margin (so that it sags), the strips are overlapped with each other.
• The next stage in insulation is the installation of the sheathing, to which finishing materials (plasterboard, lining, etc.) will subsequently be attached.

Conclusion

A warm attic will add coziness and warmth to the house during long, cold winters, so the money and effort spent on its insulation will pay off handsomely.

Korovin Sergey Dmitrievich

Master of Architecture, graduated from Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering. 11 years of experience in design and construction.

When installing a warm attic or attic, the roof of a house needs thermal protection. Most often, when constructing the roof of a private house, it is made pitched, this allows you to use the space under the roof and significantly reduce the cost of 1 m2 of area. When carrying out measures for thermal protection of pitched roof structures, mineral wool has become the most common material. Insulating the roof with mineral wool from the inside allows you to achieve excellent thermal protection.

What is mineral wool

Mineral wool is a fairly common material that is available in several types. The first classification is based on the origin of the raw materials. There are three types of mineral wool:

The most commonly used material is basalt fiber. In addition, the division occurs according to the shape of the insulation. It is produced in two types:

Mineral wool slabs are more durable. When insulating the roof with your own hands, securing them is quite simple. Rolled material has low strength, but at the same time its weight is lower than that of plates. When pitched roof slopes are more than 30 degrees, insulation in rolls is not used. In other cases, it will become a cheaper alternative to slab insulation.

Pros and cons of the material

Roof insulation with mineral wool has the following positive properties:

• high heat-protective characteristics;
• strength and durability;
• resistance to biological influences (mold, fungus, rodents);
• resistance to fire and high temperatures, which is especially important when ensuring the fire safety of a wooden house;
• when insulated from the inside, the slabs hold quite well without additional fastening (during operation, the bottom sheathing becomes an additional holding element);
• Do-it-yourself thermal protection with mineral wool ensures free movement of air through the material, this has a beneficial effect on the microclimate of the premises of the house.

It must be remembered that protecting the pitched roof of a house with mineral wool has its own characteristics and disadvantages:

• DIY installation requires special clothing, gloves and a mask, since fiber particles getting on the skin and lungs cause itching and irritation;
• a sufficiently high degree of water absorption of mineral wool requires the mandatory presence of vapor barrier and waterproofing;
• When insulating a house with mineral wool, it is important to remember that it weighs more than, for example, polystyrene foam or penoplex.

Calculation of insulation thickness and rafter height

When choosing the height of a board or beam for rafter legs, you must be guided not only by strength calculations, but also take into account the thickness of the insulation. For central Russia, the thickness of the mineral wool layer for a residential building is in the range of 100-150 mm; for the northern regions, the thickness should be increased.

For example, the required height of the rafter leg is 150 mm, and the thickness of the insulation is 180 mm. In this case, you will need to increase the height of the rafters so that it allows you to completely lay mineral wool between the wooden structures and provide a ventilated layer 5 cm thick. If necessary, you can use boards of small cross-section, laid along the rafters. Such boards are called counter-lattice and allow you to competently perform thermal protection of the roof of a house with your own hands from the inside.

You can perform a full thickness calculation without special skills. To do this, you will need to install the Teremok PC application or use the online version.

The program is a fairly simple calculator that can calculate the required insulation thickness or check the already accepted one.

Technology of roof insulation with mineral wool from the inside

To increase the thermal insulation capacity of the roof structure from the inside using mineral wool, it is necessary to prepare the following materials:

• insulation;
• vapor barrier;
• waterproofing;
• wind protection

Recently, diffusion moisture- and wind-proof membranes are often used, which combine two functions.

To ensure the comfort of the house and its normal operation, the layers of the roofing cake should be arranged in the following order from bottom to top:

• covering the ceiling from the inside of the room;
• bottom sheathing;
• vapor barrier;
• rafter legs;
• insulation between rafters;
• waterproofing;
• sheathing;
• roofing covering.

There are other options for fixing mineral wool material: from below the rafters from inside the room or from above. Such methods are used extremely rarely.

Layers of roofing cake with mineral wool

Work on insulation and construction of the roof of the house begins with the installation of the rafter system. After installing the supporting structures, a layer of waterproofing is laid, after which mineral wool slabs are installed from the inside. The next stage of work is the installation of the bottom sheathing, top sheathing and roofing. At the last moment, work is being done to finish the interior of the room. For this, plasterboard sheets 12.5 mm thick in two layers are most often used.

Safety precautions

When independently insulating the roof of a house from the inside with mineral wool, the following precautions must be observed:

• the room should be well ventilated;
• cutting tools are used as sharp as possible to reduce the crumbling of mineral fibers;
• workers must have gloves and a mask that will prevent particles of material from entering the skin and lungs;
• After completing the work, it is strongly recommended to immediately change clothes, wash your hands thoroughly, and then wash your face with cold water.

When fiber particles come into contact with the skin, redness and itching appear. To avoid unpleasant sensations, it is enough to follow safety precautions.

The use of mineral wool in construction is very wide. This material is most often used for roofs, since it fits best between the rafters and has many other positive characteristics.

In order for mineral wool to last a long time and not cause problems during operation, it is enough to follow the installation technology and purchase high-quality material. There are several well-known manufacturers on the market, such as Rockwool, Isover, Ursa, Paroc. These materials are used in many types of construction and have proven themselves.

Source: domzastroika.ru

High-quality roof insulation with mineral wool from the inside - a quick and effective do-it-yourself installation method

Insulation of the roofs of private houses is done from the inside and can be done with your own hands,

if the owner is determined to pay close attention to such an important operation to ensure heat conservation in the house.

Most widespread material for insulating a house is rightfully considered mineral wool.

Mineral wool has many advantages and it is rightfully recognized by many builders.

Advantages of mineral wool

The main advantage of this material is its special fibrous structure, due to which the material has excellent thermal insulation characteristics.

The material lends itself perfectly I'll reveal– for this you can use the most ordinary knife with a long thin blade.

As you can see, roof insulation with mineral wool slabs is not only practical, but also profitable.

The advantages of the material can be listed as follows:

• low thermal conductivity;
• sustainability to fires;
• high sound absorption;
• resistance to deformation;
• environmental friendliness;
• opportunity long-term operation.

Abroad, roof insulation with ecowool is very common, which is highly environmentally friendly and safe. In our country, glass wool is also used, which is almost a complete analogue of mineral wool.

Types of mineral wool

The name “mineral wool” refers to different types of material with the same structure. Vata can have different form release - slabs, mats or rolls.

Wool made from basalt is called basalt or stone. Also produced are a slag variety, which uses waste from blast furnaces, and so-called glass wool for roof insulation.

Glass wool and the slag variety of material are not as popular as the first type. They do not have a particularly long service life and not the best thermal insulation characteristics. They are used mainly for insulating temporary buildings and utility rooms. It should be borne in mind that glass wool can absorb moisture, albeit in small quantities. For capital construction, it is better to use cotton wool based on basalt rocks.

Roof insulation with mineral wool - basic rules

Insulating the roof from the inside with mineral wool includes several mandatory steps. Both the roof deck and the attic floor must be insulated. Read more about the roof insulation scheme in this article.

In the latter case, logs are made on the floor sheathing and slabs of material are installed in it. Flooring is laid on top.

When insulating the roof, cotton slabs are suitable in between rafter system. It is important to select the correct slab sizes. The material is very elastic and can be inserted with light force - this allows you to securely strengthen it. Installation done in this way helps to avoid no gaps, which minimizes the work of sealing the surface.

Thin slabs must be laid in two layers. The structural elements are laid out in such a way that seams top and bottom rows didn't match- this allows us to provide a denser, impermeable thermal insulation layer.

Stages of work on insulating a pitched roof

A thermal insulation material such as mineral wool must be provided with double protection.

If the roofing material has defects that cannot be recognized in time, the insulation will get wet and strongly will reduce their thermal insulation characteristics. We also recommend reading about the insulation of pitched roofs.

Installation of vapor barrier and waterproofing is required to prevent the thermal insulation layer from getting wet and preventing heat from escaping.

Insulating the roof of a house with your own hands is accessible even to beginners and does not require any special knowledge from you.

Technology roof insulation with mineral wool will look like this:

1. Creation waterproofing layer. Polyethylene or reinforced material is used for it. Waterproofing covers the entire surface of the roof. It is recommended to leave between the film and mineral wool ventilation gap. This will help increase the service life of the material, as it ensures its drying. You can use wooden conductor slats or a wire frame for this.
2. Joints all materials after installation in place sealed.
3. Settling in vapor barrier.
4. Performed if necessary finishing.

Choosing an insulation scheme

Don’t forget to leave a gap between the waterproofing and the mineral wool

Roofing pie device

These are general instructions for laying an insulating pie. Depending on specific conditions, work performance may vary. As you can see, the technology for insulating a roof with mineral wool is very simple and understandable, and is quite accessible even to a beginner in the construction business. You can read about how to insulate a roof yourself without losing quality by following the link.

How to insulate a ventilated flat roof

A ventilated flat roof is usually arranged in such a way that between the slope and the ceiling had a minimum distance. If you are planning to make a living space under a roof, we recommend that you read the article on insulating the attic yourself.

Roof insulation with mineral wool is carried out as follows: scheme:

Thermal insulation is laid on the attic floor, secured with dowels. Insulation of a flat roof with mineral wool is performed in the following order:

• The condition of the entire structure is checked and damaged elements are replaced.
• The surface of the coating that needs to be insulated is cleaned, and a vapor barrier film is laid.

Insulation of a ventilated roof

If reinforced concrete slabs are to be insulated, a vapor barrier is not needed - concrete does not allow moisture to pass through.

• Thermal insulation mats are laid between the beams of the rafter system. Should be left near the cornice ventilation gap.

How to insulate an unventilated roof

The peculiarity of this type of construction is that there is no gap between the roof and the ceiling. The wool will be laid on the base.

1. A vapor barrier layer is placed on the prepared, cleaned base.
2. Laying mineral wool slabs - if there are several layers, they should be arranged in checkerboard pattern to avoid getting joints. The slabs should be adjacent to each other as tightly as possible.
3. Placed on top of the slabs roofing felt.

Insulation of a non-ventilated roof

Another way to insulate a flat roof is to arrange “ rolled ceiling” when thermal insulation is placed on top of the rafters. It is necessary to carefully perform all calculations when choosing this method.

Review of alternative insulation materials

Other materials can be used for thermal insulation of roofs, but before purchasing it is better to carefully weigh their pros and cons. Recently, roof insulation has often been practiced. ecowool, which, despite many useful qualities, has a significant drawback - high price.

Expanded polystyrene or polystyrene boards are easy to install, lightweight, and with the right choice of thickness they will provide good thermal insulation. But the flammability of these materials should be taken into account, and when burned, they also release toxins that are hazardous to health. Their use is justified only in non-residential premises.

Expanded clay is well suited for insulating flat roofs, floors, and any horizontal surfaces. Its use on broken surfaces impossible– it consists of small burnt granules.

But today this insulation option is the most expensive when roof insulation with mineral wool is one of the most budget-friendly. In addition, it will not be possible to apply it during the cold season.

Useful video

You can see the nuances of roof insulation with mineral wool in this video:

Conclusion

When calculating materials and stages of thermal insulation arrangement, it is necessary to take into account not only the design features of the roof. It is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the selected or existing coating, the climate at the location of the house, and other conditions. The article provided only general recommendations.

Source: expert-dacha.pro

Roof insulation with mineral wool

The biggest loss of heat from houses and buildings occurs through the roof of the house. This is hardly noticeable on the lower floors of buildings, but more heat is needed to heat the upper floors.

To insulate the roof, you need to choose the optimal material option. It must not only be airtight, but also fire resistant and non-toxic.

Taking into account such requirements, mineral wool will be the best option.

Types of mineral wool

There are varieties of mineral wool: glass and basalt. The latter is made from rock - gabbro-basalt. During production, carbonates are added to it, which allows you to regulate its acidity.

A factor such as acidity is of great importance for mineral wool. The more acidic the cotton wool is, the less sensitive it is to water.

The type of cotton wool in which the acidity is higher is considered more durable. Synthetic, bituminous or composite clays are added to give shape. Glass wool does not require much explanation; its name speaks for itself.

This is a mineral composition, for the production of which the same ingredients are used as for glass (this can be broken glass).

The two types of wool differ in their properties. Glass wool is usually 15 microns thicker (from 3 microns), but basalt wool is several times longer.

The conclusion suggests itself: glass wool is a more durable material that can withstand more aggressive environmental factors than basalt. Also, glass wool does not burn.

Insulating a roof with mineral wool is difficult when working on roof slopes with a rafter structure. In such cases, it is better to use thick cotton wool. To prevent moisture from accumulating under the roof, you need to use cellulose wool.

Advantages and features of mineral wool

Mineral wool has the following advantages:

• wide range of products. Mineral wool is produced in the form of slabs, rolls or mats. Due to this, it is possible to choose the option that is best suited for thermal insulation of a certain area of ​​the building. Also, types of mineral wool differ in density: material in the form of slabs has a high density, and roll insulation is lighter;

• has high thermal insulation characteristics. Mineral wool has a porous structure. This material consists of small layers. Due to this, it retains heat well and also provides excellent sound insulation;

• fire safety of the material. Mineral wool does not burn and does not spread fire. For this reason, it is often used for thermal insulation of interfloor ceilings. Manufacturers of mineral wool claim that this material can withstand temperatures above 900 degrees Celsius;

• mineral wool does not deform, and this is a very important advantage. This material does not shrink, therefore, there is no formation of “cold bridges” that cause heat loss;

• frost resistance. This property allows the use of mineral wool for thermal insulation of external elements of a building;

• mineral wool is an environmentally friendly material. It is used for thermal insulation of health resorts and medical institutions, as well as children's rooms.

This insulation is produced in various forms - plates, cylinders, mats; You can buy cotton wool covered with foil.

Mineral wool has features that cannot be called positive. These include:

• low strength. This is due to the high porosity of mineral wool;

• to ensure a high level of thermal insulation, this material should be used together with a waterproofing film and a vapor barrier membrane;

• when using mineral wool with fiberglass, it becomes unsafe because formaldehyde is added to it;

• high hygroscopicity (therefore high waterproofing is done).

To attach such insulation, planks are nailed to the inside of the rafters (they are used to make a lattice), to which the cotton wool will be attached. On the outside, cotton wool is laid in one layer (the layers depend on the thickness of the wool).

After laying the insulation, waterproofing is applied. It is important at this stage not to confuse the sides of the insulation. The top layer does not allow moisture to pass through, and the bottom layer is an obstacle to steam.

The waterproofing is not stretched; an air space remains between it and the wool. There should be air space in front of the skate, which will create additional traction.

Insulation method

To start insulating the roof with mineral wool, you need to cut it (if necessary) so that it fits in size to the distance between the rafters.

If cotton wool is used, for example 10 cm, and the thickness of the thermal insulation is more than 10 cm, then another layer of wool is laid perpendicular to the rafters. There are two ways to strengthen the roof of non-residential premises.

The first is to insulate the floor, and the second is to strengthen the roof slopes. The first case does not require any special preparation or special costs.

There is no need to go around the rafters, as in the second case. Strengthening the roof slopes of non-residential premises is thus costly. A large amount of wool will be required, which must be strengthened by going around the rafters.

Mineral wool grades

Mineral wool is produced in the form of mats and slabs. It is used for thermal insulation of ceilings, partitions, roofs, partitions, as well as internal walls. When working with this material, as a rule, no special problems arise. Mineral wool can be laid not only on a flat surface, but also on a non-standard surface.

Mineral wool grade p-75

There are the following brands of mineral wool, which differ from each other in their density:

1. P-75. Mineral wool of this brand has a density of 75 kg/m3. It is usually used for thermal insulation of horizontal surfaces that are not subject to heavy loads (some types of roofing, attic spaces). This brand of wool is also used for insulation of oil and gas pipes, as well as pipes of heating plants. Mineral wool of lower density is also produced, but it is used in cases where there is almost no load.
2. P-125. This material has a density of 125 kg/m3. It is used for thermal insulation of partitions, ceilings, floors and interior walls of the room. Mineral wool of this brand creates good sound insulation. Therefore, when using it, you can not only insulate the building, but also create good sound insulation.
3. PZh-175. This is a dense material with increased rigidity. It is used to insulate floors and walls made of profiled metal or reinforced concrete.
4. PPZh-200. Mineral wool of this brand has increased rigidity. Used in the same cases as PZh-175. The difference between PPZh-200 and the previous brand is that it is fireproof.

How to cut mineral wool?

It is advisable to cut stone wool insulation with a special knife with a serrated blade or a hacksaw. The tool used for these purposes must be well sharpened.

This is necessary to ensure that there are as few torn insulation fibers as possible. Many manufacturers of thermal insulation materials offer customers special cutting tools. These are knives whose length is approximately 300 millimeters, as well as saws with straight teeth.

It is important to note that the thermal insulation material must cover the insulated space very tightly. Therefore, it is necessary to leave allowances before cutting.

Thermal insulation of the floor

Interfloor and attic floors are made of load-bearing beams or reinforced concrete. In the first case, the heat insulator is placed in the space between the floor beams, and in the second - on the surface of the slabs.

Insulation of the attic floor

First of all, it is necessary to install a vapor barrier. It will protect the thermal insulation from moisture and steam. Before laying the vapor barrier film, you must study the instructions for its use. If the vapor barrier is installed incorrectly, it will not perform its tasks.

Flat roofs are usually insulated with rigid mineral wool slabs, the density of which is more than 150 kg/m3. A layer of waterproofing is laid on top of it. The slabs must be laid very tightly to each other. In this case, the seams should not be located on the same line. The optimal thickness of the mineral wool layer is 25 centimeters.

You can also insulate interfloor and attic floors using sawdust. They are used together with sand, clay, lime and cement. The composition provides good thermal insulation.

Expanded clay is also often used to insulate the attic. This material contains a large number of pores, due to which the thermal insulation function is ensured.

When using these materials, financial costs will be lower, and the quality of thermal insulation will be no worse than in the case of mineral wool insulation. When choosing insulation, you should take into account the height and area of ​​the building, the materials from which it is built and other parameters.

Video about thermal insulation of attic floors:

Insulation of pitched roofs

To insulate the roof with mineral wool, it is necessary to install steam-hydro- and thermal insulation. The pitched part of such a roof is a multi-layered pie. It can be installed both inside and outside the roof.

To create high-quality thermal insulation of the roof, you must perform the following steps:

• install a vapor barrier layer. It will protect thermal insulation from air saturated with moisture;

• use mineral wool as a thermal insulation material;

• to protect the rafter system and insulation from precipitation, a layer of waterproofing should be installed;

• it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap. It is created by installing a counter-lattice;

• At the last stage, the roofing material is laid.

Laying a waterproofing membrane

1. When insulating the roof of a building with mineral wool, you must ensure that it does not block the ventilation hole.
2. If a superdiffusion membrane is used during installation work, the heat insulator should be placed tightly on it. This is necessary so as not to block the ventilation gap.
3. If a regular roofing film is used, then it is necessary to make two gaps: at the top and at the bottom.
4. When laying mineral wool slabs in rows, care must be taken to ensure that the joints do not coincide with each other.
5. In order for the insulation to fit tightly to the surfaces of the rafter legs, it is necessary to choose mineral wool of such a size that its width is slightly larger than the distance between the rafters.
6. Mineral wool slabs must fit very tightly to each other.
7. When insulating a roof with mineral wool, it is necessary to install a layer of waterproofing. In this case, it is necessary to monitor the quality of the connection of the waterproofing film.

Installation errors

Before installing mineral wool, you must perform the following steps:

• check the truss structure. If there are rotten elements, they must be replaced;

• treat the roof with antiseptics;

• check communication systems: water supply and electricity;

• It is best to insulate a pitched roof with material in the form of slabs or rolls, since they fit well onto the sheathing.

There must be a ventilation space between the mineral wool layer and the roofing material. When insulating a pitched roof in a private house, not only thermal insulation is provided, but also sound insulation.

Inexperienced specialists often make the following mistakes:

• You should not use a heat insulator whose width is less than the distance between the rafters. In this case, heat loss will occur through the cracks;

• You should not insulate the roof with material with a high level of humidity. This will cause rotting of the wooden elements of the rafter frame;

• If you do not install hydro- and vapor barriers, the thermal insulation system will not work properly, and its service life will be significantly reduced.

Video on how to insulate a roof from the inside with your own hands:

Source: info-krovlya.ru

How to insulate a roof from the inside with mineral wool - features of laying mineral wool on the roof

Installing a warm roof requires the installation of an insulating layer. As a rule, slopes are insulated after the completion of the rafter system assembly, but before installing the roofing - and this technology is considered optimal. However, sometimes annoying problems occur, and after assembling the roof it turns out that the existing insulation is not enough for normal thermal insulation.

The need for roof insulation

In such cases, it is necessary to insulate the roof from the inside with mineral wool - this allows you to compensate for the level of heat loss. How the roof is insulated from the inside with mineral wool will be discussed in this article.

There are two fundamental technologies for insulating a roof from the inside:

• Laying insulation on the roof between the frame rafters;
• Laying insulation above the rafters.

Each technology for roof insulation with mineral wool will be considered in more detail.

Types of insulation

Of course, it is necessary to insulate the slopes only when installing a warm roof. The thermal insulation layer is laid in the space between the rafters at the stage of roof installation when there is no finishing coating yet - this approach is quite convenient and does not require significant effort.

Roof insulation can be performed with the following types of mineral wool:

1. Glass wool. This heat-insulating material contains glass fiber with a thickness of no more than 15 microns. Glass wool can be produced in rolls, slabs or mats. The characteristics of this insulation are impressive: excellent thermal insulation properties, good fire resistance and complete resistance to biological factors. The material, produced in the form of slabs, is quite convenient and very easy to install. Glass wool can easily be classified as a budget insulation material if you take a closer look at the cost of alternative heat insulators. The main disadvantage of this material is its ability to cause irritation upon contact with open areas of the human body, so it is necessary to work with it only in a full set of personal protective equipment.
2. Basalt (stone) wool. This material also contains fibers, but here they are represented by a natural mineral - basalt. Additional components include some carbonate rocks, bentonite clay and several other composites. Basalt wool is completely non-flammable, has excellent thermal insulation properties and is resistant to mold and mildew. The structure of this material is not so strong, and its price is about 1.5-2 times higher than glass wool, but safety and ease of installation have done their job - and therefore basalt wool is in much greater demand.

There is also a third type of mineral wool - slag wool. It is pointless to consider insulating a roof with your own hands from the inside using mineral wool of this type, since it is not used for internal roof insulation due to its extremely negative impact on the human body.

Installation of mineral wool between the rafters from the inside of the roof

Before you insulate the roof of a house from the inside with your own hands, you need to understand the options for installing thermal insulation. When laying thermal insulation material from the inside of a roof structure, the simplest option would be to install it in the space between the rafters. True, this method is only relevant if the thickness of the insulating layer does not exceed the width of the rafters, otherwise you will have to do combined thermal insulation of the roof.

Insulating the roof with mineral wool from the inside in this case will look like this:

1. The first step is to take a building level and measure the lower level of the rafters, which should be uniform along the entire perimeter of the frame. If there are deviations from the level, it is necessary to align all the rafters so that they run along the same line.
2. A waterproofing film must be laid in advance on top of the rafters, which protects the insulation from moisture. If this film was not used when installing the roof, then it will no longer be possible to lay it, so the thermal insulation will be without proper protection.
3. Mineral wool is cut into suitable pieces. When installing insulation between the rafter legs, the material is fixed due to the bursting force, so the cut elements should be 2-3 cm wider than the distance between the rafters. When laying the material in two layers, you need to ensure that the joints of one layer do not coincide with the joints of the other.
4. The next step is adjusting the vapor barrier. Cut membrane strips are installed above the insulation to protect it from moisture and air. The vapor barrier membrane is installed parallel to the roof slope and fixed with a construction stapler.
5. The last stage is covering the insulation, for which plasterboard, plywood or edged boards are usually used. In the future, the cladding will act as a support for the decorative finishing of the attic walls.

When installing insulation on a roof with a slope angle of less than 25 degrees, the following situation may arise: the insulating boards will simply fall out due to a lack of pushing force. To prevent this from happening, the insulation must be additionally reinforced with slats or strong fishing line stretched between the rafters. On slopes with a large slope this problem usually does not arise.

Do-it-yourself installation of mineral wool on rafters

If the width of the thermal insulation material does not allow it to fit into the space between the rafters, its installation will have to be carried out in two stages. One layer of material will be laid according to the technology described above, and the second will be laid on top of the already installed layer. Such insulation of the roof with mineral wool is much more expensive, but the result is of better quality.

Insulation of the roof with mineral wool along the rafters is carried out according to the following algorithm:

1. The first steps exactly repeat the installation algorithm between the rafters - the installation step of the rafter legs is measured, after which the insulation is cut so that it can be mounted by surprise. When using rolled material, you need to let it lie flat for a while.
2. During installation, the edges of the slabs are folded inward, and after installing the insulation, they are straightened.
3. A vapor barrier is attached to the rafters using a stapler. The rules are still the same: strips of material are laid with a slight overlap so that steam does not pass through the joints.
4. Slats are nailed horizontally to the rafters, the thickness of which should exceed the thickness of the insulation by 1-2 cm. The distance between the slats should be sufficient for laying heat-insulating boards.
5. Mineral wool is placed between the stuffed slats. When laying, you need to ensure that the joints of the material do not coincide with the joints of the previous layer.
6. The final stage is the outer cladding, for which any finishing material can be used.

This roof insulation technology is considered the most effective, therefore, when deciding how to properly insulate a roof with mineral wool, you should give preference to this option.

Conclusion

Insulating the roof from the inside with mineral wool is a fairly effective means of protecting the roof from the cold. Knowledge of the theory and competent implementation of the chosen technology will allow you to create a reliable roof, under which it will be possible to arrange a living space in the future.

Today we will tell you what the cost of roof insulation with mineral wool consists of. Thanks to this information, you will become savvy in the issue of roof insulation with this material. When you contact a construction company for this service, you will be able to understand whether they are offering you a real price or trying to impose unnecessary prices on you. This will allow you to optimize the costs of installing or repairing the roof.

Source archi.ru

What affects the price

For roof insulation, the price per square meter is determined by several main factors - the material used, its quantity, the list of works (laying in one or two layers, the presence of pre-finishing and final finishing operations, etc.).

What types of mineral wool are there?

When deciding to insulate a roof with mineral wool, you should understand that this term in modern construction includes the following materials:

slag(the cheapest material, practically not sold for residential construction now);

glass wool(price from 1000 to 2000 rubles per cubic meter);

stone (basalt) wool(price from 3500 to 7000 rubles per cubic meter).

Slag wool is made from blast furnace slag and, as a rule, is not used for insulation of residential and country roofs. Today it is mainly used in industrial construction due to its low price and good thermal insulation and sound insulation properties. Therefore, stone wool or glass wool is usually used to insulate houses.

Source sense-life.com

Since glass wool fibers have increased fragility, when working with it you need to be extremely careful not to injure the mucous membranes and skin. A respirator is required to protect the lungs.

Amount of material and complexity of work

How much roof insulation costs will be influenced not only by the selected material (slag wool, glass wool, stone wool), but also by its specific brand and modification. Therefore, when choosing an insulation model, you should choose those models that are designed specifically for roof insulation. And even better, for a specific type of roof and region (climatic features). This optimizes the cost of insulating the roof from the inside with mineral wool. The cost of work in this case will be minimal, since specialized insulation means a minimum of basic and auxiliary materials and fewer difficulties for installers.

Source finsa.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of calculating and carrying out insulation work of any complexity. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.

The amount of material per square meter will affect not only the cost of the insulation itself directly, but also the complexity of installing slabs or rolls of mineral wool. For installation of thermal insulation 100 mm thick, 100 rubles per square meter is the average market cost of roof insulation with mineral wool. The price for the work will increase to 150-200 rubles if a thermal insulation thickness of 150-200 mm is required. Why is it more expensive in the second case to insulate the roof from the inside? The price for work in this case is determined by labor costs, and there will be more of them, since several layers of mineral thermal insulation will need to be nailed.

In addition, how much it costs to insulate a roof is directly affected by its shape. The simpler it is, the lower the cost of the work. The most inexpensive in terms of installing insulation are flat roofs, followed in ascending order by single-pitched, double-pitched, four-pitched (including hip varieties) and roofs with complex configurations.

Source nehomesdeaf.org

The technology of roof insulation with mineral wool includes the following operations:

arrangement frame and sheathing under rolls or slabs of thermal insulation;

installation vapor barrier layer, the price of vapor barrier membranes is about 15-20 rubles. per square meter;

mechanical securing slabs or rolls of mineral wool using screws or nails.

laying one more vapor barrier membrane layer over mineral wool;

pre-finishing and finishing finishing.

In this regard, when planning the cost of thermal insulation, in addition to the cost of mineral wool and the price of its installation, it is necessary to provide for the cost of a vapor barrier film (about 40 rubles per square meter) and payment for the installation of the frame and sheathing. For this you will need to pay about 100 rubles per square meter if you have your own material and about 170-200 rubles if it is lumber from a construction company.

Source legkovmeste.ru

It is better to order the final finishing of interior spaces under the roof (plastering, plasterboard finishing with painting, lining, etc.) from the same company that carried out the thermal insulation work. Its cost will be determined by the technology and selected materials.

Video description

What needs to be taken into account when designing roof insulation is shown in the following video:

Advantages of mineral wool insulation

The main advantages of insulation using mineral wool are:

high Fire safety and creating a fire barrier due to the non-flammability of mineral wool;

low price both the material itself and the work on its installation (even taking into account the auxiliary elements);

excellent options on sound insulation and thermal insulation;

no complications during installation;

environmental safety;

long lasting term operation;

lack of interest in insulation in insects and rodents.

Source taur.com.pl

General conclusion

Paying for the installation of roof thermal insulation using glass wool or basalt wool will not require significant funds. This is due to the simple installation of rolls or slabs of mineral wool. Therefore, there is no need to save money and do everything yourself if this insulation has already been chosen. Professionals will do all this faster, better and will help you choose the most optimal model of mineral wool, taking into account climatic and architectural factors.

Insulation is an essential part of the technological process of roof construction. Typically, craftsmen perform external thermal insulation of slopes during installation after assembling the rafter frame, but before laying the roofing material. This scheme is considered the most rational and effective. From the inside, mineral wool is used in situations where installation work is already behind us. As a rule, this method is resorted to if during operation it turns out that the thickness of the existing thermal insulation layer is not enough to eliminate heat loss. In this article we will tell you how to insulate a roof from the inside with your own hands using mineral wool.

Thermal insulation of slopes is carried out if the roof is of the “warm” type. The insulation is laid between the rafters of the frame; this task is performed externally during roofing work. This is due to the fact that securing the plates by holding them above your head is inconvenient and takes a long time. For internal insulation of roof slopes, the following types of mineral wool are used with your own hands:

Note! Slag wool cannot be used for internal roof insulation. This cheap type of mineral-based insulation is made from waste from the metallurgical industry. But blast furnace slag, from which slag wool is made, during installation releases many tiny tiny particles that are dangerous to human health.

Installation between rafters

If the roof insulation is carried out from the inside, then it is most convenient to install thermal insulation material between the rafters of the frame. This method is suitable if the calculated thickness of the insulation layer is less than or equal to the width of the rafters, otherwise combined thermal insulation of the roof slope is performed. The technology for laying thermal insulation material between the rafters is as follows:

1. Using a building level, the lower surface of the rafters is measured; it should be located at the same level. If the rafters were made from lumber of different sizes, then they need to be aligned so that they all lie in the same plane.
2. Waterproofing for the internal insulation of the roof slope is a film laid on the rafters before the covering is laid. If this was not done during the creation of the roofing pie, then the insulation will have to be left without protection from moisture, hoping that the roofing material will not fail.
3. Rolls and slabs of mineral wool are cut into the required lengths. The insulation is installed by surprise, so the width of the material should be 2-3 cm greater than the pitch between the rafters. If the insulation is carried out in 2 layers, then the slabs are laid staggered so that the joints do not fall on top of each other.
4. Vapor barrier membrane sheets are cut. They are attached over thermal insulation to protect the material from the penetration of air saturated with water vapor and from getting wet. The canvases are fixed perpendicular to the rafters along the roof slope, attached using a construction stapler.
5. The insulation is covered with plasterboard, plywood, clapboard or edged boards in order to decorate the attic walls on top of them.

Important! If the roof slope has a slight slope of less than 25 degrees, then insulation slabs installed by surprise may fall out of the space between the rafters. To prevent this problem, the thermal insulation is held in place using cross slats or fishing line stretched between the rafters of the frame. Experience shows that on slopes with a slope of 40-45 degrees, the insulation holds well without additional help.

Rafter installation

If the thickness of the recommended thermal insulation layer is thicker than the width of the rafters, then the installation of mineral wool is carried out in two stages. The first layer is laid spaced between the elements of the roof frame, and the second on top of them. This insulation technology requires more material, it is more expensive, but it is guaranteed to protect against heat loss, therefore it is used for equipping residential heated attics. To install mineral wool on rafters with your own hands, you must:

1. Using a ruler or tape measure, measure the distance between the rafters. Cut slabs or rolls of insulation so that the width of the material is 2-3 cm greater than this figure.
2. If you use mineral wool in the form of rolls, after cutting you need to leave the cut strips for a while in an unfolded state on the floor so that the material rests and straightens.
3. Fold the edges of the mineral wool slab towards the center, and then mark it between the rafters and carefully straighten it out.
4. Using a construction stapler, secure the vapor barrier membrane sheets to the rafters. The strips are overlapped by 10-15 cm to prevent steam from penetrating through the connecting seams.
5. Perpendicular to the rafters, nail slats, the thickness of which is 1-2 cm greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of mineral wool. The pitch between the slats should correspond to the size of the insulation board.
6. Mineral wool is placed between the slats, trying to ensure that the knocks between the layers of thermal insulation do not coincide.
7. The attic walls are lined with decorative finishing material, using slats as a frame. For lining, clapboard, edged board, plywood or drywall are used, on top of which you can glue wallpaper.

Important! Professional roofers believe that insulating the roof slope over the rafters gives the most effective result. After all, if thermal insulation material is placed only between the rafters, “cold bridges” are formed. This term refers to small streams of cold air that penetrate the interior of the room along the wooden frame elements. The second layer of mineral wool blocks the path to “cold bridges”, optimizing the temperature regime.

Video instruction