How to drill a well for water

Not making a mistake with the choice of a company that will quickly and efficiently drill a well for you is only half the battle. When it is better to call a team, how to prepare for its arrival and what not to forget during the acceptance of work, the specialist reminds.

When to drill a well?

Those readers who, for some reason, did not have time to acquire their own water source in the country in the fall, or they are not satisfied with the existing water source, and they decided to arrange a water source now.

The right decision: a reasonable owner thinks about this not on May 1, but on March 1. However, it is worth noting that the most successful time for drilling a well is the time after the end of the season (October, November, even December). March is also a good period: in frost on hard ground, it is much easier to drive 15-ton vehicles to the site than in warm weather on soft ground. Although drilling a well when it is warm is easier for both equipment and people. Now the snow will begin to melt, and it will become more and more difficult to drill a well: even three-axle drilling machines get stuck in the snow, and when they start digging the ground, they generally “sit down”.

Among other things, you need to know that some dacha villages, cottages, where the shareholders themselves laid roads on their own, simply close the entrance to any equipment, except for personal vehicles. Persuade do not persuade, threaten, pay - it's useless. A decision was made by the general meeting - no drilling rig will enter there. In this case, you will have to wait for the end of the flood, and maybe even until the end of May.

And another very important point when drilling a well. The price of drilling a well is not constant within the annual cycle. Pipe complexes roll pipes all the time, in summer there is demand, in winter there is no demand. Therefore, the price of pipe products in summer is higher. Serious companies that bought pipes before the new year for all their profits can drill for some time using cheaper pipes. The dynamics of prices for fuel and lubricants also affects the overall cost. A good well takes up to one and a half to two tons of gasoline. The lowest prices for drilling are from mid-October to March. At the end of March, they begin to grow. For example, for the arrangement of an artesian well, if we talk about the region of the Moscow region,.

Shallow drilling is usually one light day. A deep well is drilled from two to five days. If you have a drilling rig and have been drilling a well for two weeks, you can immediately drive it. Artesian wells, in principle, no matter when to drill, these wells cannot be dug during a flood, it is clear why (they will be shallow with water, and then the water will run out). Wells on sandy horizons too.

For many years I have not been convinced that they are somehow actively seasonally filled with water. If the horizon is normal, it never dries up in summer. Just do not confuse perched water and ground horizons. Verkhovodka is a seasonal aquifer that occurs after snowmelt and stays at the top for some time, and then goes down. And the well is built on a permanent reservoir that never dries up.

Drill auger while drilling a well on a sandy aquifer

Where to drill a well?

A drilled well is not transferred anywhere - it is not a house, not a garage, not a tent, not a barbecue. There are three unshakable rules for choosing a well drilling site.

First. To make it convenient for drillers to work. There should be a flat or slightly inclined area approximately 4 by 8-10 meters of rectangular shape, on which a three-axle machine is placed, above which there are no wires (the mast rises 8 meters up), under which there are no communications and which is from buildings, building foundations, tree roots, fence removed by 3 - 4 meters.

Second rule. To make it convenient to use the well. It should be drilled as close as possible to the place of water consumption (to the boiler room, bathhouse, kitchen), so that you do not have to dig many meters of stupid trenches throughout the site.

And the third rule. So that the well is drilled in a place suitable for the arrival of equipment on it again for repair work within the warranty period. Any well repair (to deepen, re-casing, flush, pick up fallen objects) is carried out only by a drilling machine, there is nothing to do with your hands. If such an entrance is impossible, no company will be able to fulfill guarantees. If the well is in a caisson, in order for the machine to lower the drilling tool through the caisson, the well cover and wells must be on the same axis.

Working platform when drilling with the URB 2A2 rig

What should be paid special attention to when drilling a well?

In the contract, the conditions for accepting work should be clearly spelled out: the quality of water, the amount of water and the depth of the well are checked. The customer is required to demonstrate the water flowing from the well. Its amount is easy to measure with a bucket and a stopwatch on the clock. Water should be visually transparent. Some turbidity is acceptable in it, but there should not be more than one tablespoon of sand, grains of sand, say, for a bottle of water.

The well is measured to the bottom. The customer must necessarily accept the depth of the well on site. There are different ways: a weight on a string marked by a meter; drilling rods, etc. Unscrupulous teams offer the following: “We drill 20 meters, we will write for the company that 15, and you pay us 5 at a different rate.” Therefore, serious companies prescribe in the contract that if the specified depth of the well does not correspond to the actual one, no guarantees are provided to the customer.

Drilling a well with the URB 2A2 rig

It happens that a well is drilled, but there is no water. There are two options here: it simply does not exist, or the drillers could not get it for some reason. It turned out, the so-called - dry well. Normal companies always warn that there is a danger of getting "rusk" when the customer did not find out anything, did not interview the neighbors.

Wells are not wells, there will always be water in the wells, they work due to the wide bottom, a small layer of sand is enough - there will be water. The well works with side walls, a filter, and not half a meter of sand is needed, but 5-7 meters for the well to start working. Such a layer of sand may not be on the site. For example, on 50% of the territory of the Moscow region, sands occur in patches. There is a lens of sand here, and then it ends, and it is not outwardly marked in any way.

How to deal with it? Work more clearly with neighbors, find out, look for a good geologist, raise catalogs, maps. Or drilling a well for artesian water, which is everywhere.

If the brigade failed. The reasons may be difficult drilling conditions (boulders, large clastic material, crushed stone, gravel), but more often it is a bad drilling tool, worn-out equipment, and an inexperienced master. How to deal with it? Do not try to save money by all means, but contact a serious company.