- Valentin Aleksandrovich, in 2014, the Federal Law No. 7-FZ "On Environmental Protection" was made amended, according to which all business entities were divided into categories depending on the extent of their environmental impact. And from January 1, 2019, certain requirements are presented to each object in accordance with its category. What are these requirements and what needs to be done so that enterprises of JSC "Russian Railways" them fit?
- Indeed, the main innovation of the environmental reform was the division of enterprises into four categories, which differ in the degree of negative impact on the environment (NVOS) - from the minimum (IV category) to a significant (I category). This was done to solve a number of tasks, including improving control over hazardous production facilities and, on the contrary, to reduce control over objects that have minimal NVIOS, reducing unjustified economic costs of enterprises, reduced load on controlling authorities.
Our company is the largest nature user in Russia. Economic activities are conducted on 13 thousand production sites. The total area of \u200b\u200bland engaged in the company's divisions is 9 thousand. 740 square meters. km. In total, more than 8 thousand facilities of the negative impact of JSC Russian Railways were registered in the territorial bodies of Rosprirodnadzor. Of these, two category I objects, 8095 objects - II category, 109 objects - III categories and 54 objects - IV category. In their composition 80 thousand sources of air pollution, 154 sewage sources into water bodies, about 50 thousand waste accumulation facilities.
It is clear that the objects that differ in the greatest contribution to environmental pollution are under the most close control by the state. From January 1, 2019, a special method of rationing is provided for them - obtaining a comprehensive environmental resolution (CER). It includes, in particular, the development of emission standards, pollutant discharges, standards of permissible physical impact, waste formation standards and limits for their placement, as well as a coherent program of industrial environmental control.
In addition, stationary emission sources located on category I objects must be equipped with automatic emission measurement systems, and this is definitely notice.
Requirements for the development of industrial environmental control programs are established not only for category I enterprises, but also II and III categories. Activities at the category II will also be carried out on the basis of a declaration on environmental impact. It contains, among other things, information on the implementation of environmental activities, data on accidents and incidents, resulting in a negative impact on the environment, declared the volume of emissions, the discharge of pollutants formed and placed waste. Objects of the III category in notifying provide reporting on education, use, neutralization, waste placement. As for the objects of IV category, they are exempt from the development of regulatory documentation and the provision of reports in the field of waste management.

- What includes an environmental control program for objects I, II and III categories, who and how does it hold it?
- Develop a program legal entities and individual entrepreneurs carrying out economic activity at the facility. Production environmental control (PEC) provides an audit of the enterprise's compliance with the requirements of the legislation in the field of protection of atmospheric air, the protection and use of water bodies, waste management.
Currently, environmental control programs have been developed and approved for all objects of the company's divisions, which are assigned I, II and III categories. In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the laboratory, which is carried out by the PEC should be accredited in the national accreditation system. To ensure environmental monitoring on the impact of linear enterprises of branches of the company on the environment in Russian Railways, a powerful system has been created, which includes 56 stationary environmental laboratories accredited in the national accreditation system, 53 laboratories at the road, 12 laboratory wagons. The laboratories are selected and carry out a quantitative chemical analysis of samples of natural and waste water, soils, soils, waste, industrial emissions, measurement of physical factors of the production environment in the territories of residential building, residential territory.
Laboratories are equipped with modern analytical equipment, including allowing the analysis of all types of pollution.
The internal target structure of environmental management in Russian Railways is formed on the basis of the requirements of the implementation of a single technical policy in this area. In the field of environmental safety, about 3 thousand managers and company specialists are involved.
At each level of management, environmental responsibility centers are defined. Environmental security centers (NCC) in this structure are regional communities of competence and methodology in the field of environmental management and ecology. The main task of the NCC is an assessment of the compliance of the economic activities of the company's units to environmental requirements for reducing environmental, financial, image risks.

- What is the risk-oriented approach in the field of environmental oversight, which is currently applied?
- The objects are assigned the risk categories, their six - from low to extremely high. A significant impact on the assignment of the risk category of the object has its location on the "vulnerable" natural territory. In fact, if the object is located on a specially protected natural territory, for example, in the central ecological zone of Baikal, the risk criterion is high.
And if the company has been made to environmental offenses, it has been withdrawn or canceled a license for the use of subsoils or waste management, or an accusatory sentence has already been convicted for an environmental crime - risk criterion rises to extremely high.
From the risk category directly depends the frequency of inspections. Therefore, the risk-oriented approach involves a decrease in the number of government checks in zones, where the risk of violations is less. Such an approach should reduce the administrative burden on conscientious enterprises.
Since 2018, the Corporate Standard "System of Environmental Management at Russian Railways" has been operating in Russian Railways. Rules of organization and conduct of internal audits and inspections, "which establishes the main objectives, objectives and procedure for planning, organizing and conducting internal environmental audits and inspections in the company.
Last year, over 2 thousand inspections and audits in the field of environmental safety was held by the authorized employees of Russian Railways. This allows you to work on preventing environmental risks.

- What needs to be done to minimize greenhouse gas emissions on the railway and get rid of equipment and waste containing persistent organic pollutants? What kind of green technologies are used and how long will it take for this?
- According to the state report on the state and environmental protection, the impact on the environment of divisions of Russian railways is minimally (share from 0.04 to 1.08%). Railway transport has long used in the main volume of transportation the most pure energy source - electricity.
Today, Russian railways transport more than 86% of cargoes and 85% of passengers on electric shirt. This is a significant advantage of rail transport in terms of environmental efficiency. For example, for the trip of one passenger from St. Petersburg to Moscow by train to the atmosphere is 2.5 times less than CO2 than on the bus, and almost 4 times less than on the aircraft.
According to the annual reports of the International Energy Agency and the International Union of Railways, the energy efficiency indicators of Russian railways remain one of the best in the world. At the same time, taking into account the state strategy for the transition to sustainable low carbon development, a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions remains part of an ecological Russian Railways strategy.
In Russian Railways, strategic guidelines for reducing greenhouse gas emissions up to 2030 are approved, a program for the formation of a system of accounting and managing greenhouse gases. Currently, the volume of greenhouse gas emissions by the company compared to the Basic 1990 decreased by 44%.
With the adoption of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 164 dated June 27, 2011 "On the ratification of the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants" (POPs), Russia has committed itself to the ban on the ban and control of POPs and the destruction of reserves of polychlorinated biphenyls (PBB).
The priority is the conclusion from exploitation by 2025 electrical equipment containing PCB, and the destruction by 2028 by PCB-waste.
According to preliminary data of the documentary inventory, more than 28 thousand power transformers and more than 25 thousand capacitors are used in the departments of the economy of electrification and power supply and the directorate of traction of Russian Railways. Approximately 60% of the condenser equipment of Russian Railways is subject to replacement and thermal neutralization due to the content in their composition of 100% PCB.
In this regard, the Company provides for the instrumental inventory of the equipment used containing PCBs, the development of a roadmap for the conclusion from the operation of contaminated equipment, the organization of accredited laboratory centers for the analysis of PCB, the introduction of technical capacity for the cleaning of oil-filled equipment, carrying out work on the neutralization of contaminated equipment.

- To speak as a whole, how much Russian Railways, in your opinion, meets modern environmental requirements?
- "Russian Railways" today are one of the most complex economic complexes of the country. Like a large company with more than 180-year history, we have enough problems, including environmental areas: these are questions of acoustic impact on the environment, wastewater treatment, wastewater treatment, eliminate objects accumulated since the 30s of the last century Environmental damage and others.
At the same time, establishing the main purpose of the Mission - to transport goods and passengers with maximum security and high quality services, the company considers it possible and necessary to participate in solving problems aimed at minimizing the anthropogenic environmental impact.
Environmental safety plays a crucial role at all stages of preparation and adoption of management decisions and is an important factor in the dynamic development of our company.
Our strategic guidelines: reducing the negative impact of technological activities on the environment, the introduction of modern resource-saving technologies, the creation of a system for efficient waste management, an increase in competencies in the field of environmental safety among managers and specialists of the company.

Senior Advisor to the Director General of Russian Railways

"Biography"

Born 23.05.1955.

Education

In 1992 he graduated from the Novosibirsk Institute of Railway Engineers; In 1998, the Academy of National Economy under the Government of the Russian Federation. Specialty - Management of transportation processes on railway transport, engineer of ways to manage transportation processes in railway transport.

After graduating from the Gomel Technical School of Railway Transport, he worked as an assistant driver of a diesel locomotive, a senior master to repair the rolling stock of the Topkinsky cement plant.

Activity

"News"

The Prosecutor General's Office told about his role in the dismissal of the Vice President of Russian Railways

The Prosecutor General's Office of Russia, when checking Russian Railways, found out that the vice-president of the company lobbied the interests of his sons-businessmen, the report of the head of the department. After checking in Russian Railways, the company's top manager left his post

The Prosecutor General's Office of Russia influenced the dismissal of the Vice-President of Russian Railways. It turned out that the company's top manager lobbied the interests of his sons-businessmen, reports in the report to the Federation Council head of the department Yuri Seagull.

Yuri Seagull spoke about the dismissal of the Vice President of Russian Railways due to conflict of interest

Prosecutor General Yuri Chaika reported to the Federation Council on the dismissal of one of the vice-presidents of Russian Railways. Top managers were resigned due to the fact that he gave the structures of his sons

The seagull said that during the verification of the execution of legislation on countering corruption in Russian Railways OJSC, it was found that one of the vice-presidents of the company personally made decisions related to the conclusion of contracts with a commercial organization, in order to enrich their sons - members of the Board of Directors This organization and its finite beneficiaries.

The Department discussed promising developments for the railway infrastructure of the Far North

On April 10, 2018, a meeting of the NPP Scientific and Production Council NP "FEDE" was held on the implementation of the project "Products of the railway industry in the design and construction of railway infrastructure facilities in the Far North". The event was chaired by a member of the Board of JSC "Russian Railways", senior adviser to the General Director of JSC Russian Railways, NP President Valentina Gapanovich.

The meeting was attended by the Deputy Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Urals Federal District, Alexander Moiseev, Vice-Presidents, members of the Supervisory Board of NP "PLA" Vladimir Schöydmueller, Vladimir Matyushin, Andrei Angles, Sergey Palkin and Albert Kostromin, and leaders and technical specialists leading enterprises of the railway industry.

Expert Council for the Development of Transport Engineering held a meeting

On March 30, 2018, a meeting of the Expert Council for the Development of Transport Engineering under the Committee on Economic Policy, Industry, Innovative Development and Entrepreneurship of the State Duma of the Russian Federation with the support of the Union of Machine Builders of Russia was held. The event was held under the leadership of the Chairman of the Expert Council, the senior adviser to the Director General - Chairman of the Board of JSC "Russian Railways", President of NP "PRPT", Vice-President of Society "Soyusch Russia" Valentina Gapanovich.

Section "Carriage Management" of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Russian Railways held a meeting

On March 30, 2018, a meeting of the "Carriage" section of the Scientific and Technical Council of JSC Russian Railways was held on the issue of improving the reliability and efficiency of the use of the fleet of freight cars. The event was chaired by the Deputy Chairman of the Scientific and Technical Council, Deputy General Director - Chief Engineer of JSC "Russian Railways" Sergey Kobzev.

Since the change of president of Russian Railways passed more than six months. During this time, a number of personnel permutations occurred among the company's top management.

Consideration is worth starting from the Board. Small summary table.

It was		Became		Note
№	Corporate executive	№	Corporate executive
1	Yakunin V.I. President			Fat Plus
		1	Belozёrov O. V. President
2	Morozov V. N. First Vice - President		Honorary resignation (see paragraph 23)
	Raising (see paragraph 5)	2	Krasnashchek A. A. First Vice - President
3		3	Misharin A. S. First Vice - President
4	Gapanovich V. A. Senior Vice - President - Chief Engineer	4	Gapanovich V. A. Senior Vice President - Chief Engineer
5	Krasnashchek A. A. Senior Vice - President for the organization of rail transportation		Raising (see paragraph 2)
	From operator business	5	Maltsev S. V. Senior Vice - President
6		6	Mikhailov V. V. Senior Vice - President
7	Reshetnikov V. I. Senior Vice - President		Resignation in advisers
8	Kraft G. V. Chief Accountant		Conclusion from the Board with leaving
9	Akulov M. P. Vice - President - General Director of FPK JSC	7	Akulov M. P. Vice - President
10	Atkov O. Yu Vice - President
11	Babaev S. M. Vice - President	8	Babaev S. M. Vice - President - General Director of the Center for Brand Transport Service
12	Bobreshov A. S. Vice - President			For sure plus
13	Vorotkin A. V. Vice - President - Head of the Traction Directorate			Fat Plus Where did Delhi, by the way?
		9	Valina O. S. Vice - President - Head of the Traction Directorate
		10	Verkhovy G. V. Vice - President - Head of the Central Infrastructure Directorate
	Introduction to the Board with Leaving	11	Ivanov P. A. Vice - President - Head of the Central Directorate of Motion Management
14	Illarionov A. V. Vice - President
15	Katsiv P. D. Vice - President - Head of the Center for the Development of the Moscow Transport Knot	12	Katsiv P. D. Vice - President
16		13	Meshcheryakov A. A. Stats - Secretary - Vice - President
17		14	Saltanov A. V. Vice - President
18	Stepov V. V. Vice - President			Appointed Director General of JSC "VNIIIT"
		15	Starkov A. K. Vice - President
19	Tony O. V. Vice President	16	Tony O. V. Vice President
20	Celko A. V. Vice - President		Resignation in advisers	For sure
		17	Fedoseev N. V. Vice - President
		18	Chabunin A. M. Vice President
21		19	Shaydullin S. N. Vice President - Head of Traffic Safety Department
22		20	Shahaans D. S. Vice - President
23		21	Bynkov V.I. Head of the Legal Department
24		22	Groundkova O. E. Head of the Department of Corporate Finance
25	Lapidus B. M. Senior Advisor to President of Russian Railways			Fat Plus
	Honorary resignation (see paragraph 2)	23	Morozov V.N. Senior Advisor to President of Russian Railways

The number of reigns fell by 2 units. I think you can and need to cut more. And someone did not hurt.
The number of "combined" posts as it was and remained 8.
It was brought out 9 people, they completely drove three, and "left near" five. And what is curious do not regret.
Introduced 7 people, and among them there are quite worthy.

The ratio of board members with rail education (marked in a blue font) and without it practically did not change. It was 13/12. It became 12/11. It continues to stand out among specialists the number of persons who have been educated in the northern capital.

By the way, the rumors are so synchronously "past" people were very tied in bad smelling affairs.

A small quote from the publication of 2010

Regarding the leadership of the SSC Bobreshov A.S. made it clear that the head of the road Celko A.V. It does not leave my place while Russian Railways is headed by Yakunin V.I.Since it "agreed with this personnel issue."

Eloquently, isn't it? And from November 2012, Celko - Vice-President of Russian Railways. And here in 2015, a synchronous resignation.

Separately, I would like to focus on the decrease in Stepova V. V.
It is known that all sorts of "canbans", "system 5s" and other distractions from the production process of a torment, mixed from the October road throughout the network - here is the long-standing "activity" of Stepova. Now such a figure stood up at the head of transport "science", designed to prove any fault of the leadership.
Although he got an important and responsible post, but from cash flows, undoubtedly became remote. So to speak, I went to the feet of another odious, which, according to the previous post, lost and fell even lower. That however, does not prevent the latter to dream of traveling in the pipe.

In general, personnel changes can be assessed as positive.

In the comments, you can add your thoughts, as well as offer clarifications.

Some Press Releases

I continue the story about the bright people of our company. Valentin Aleksandrovich Gapanovich, senior vice president and part-time chief engineer of Russian Railways. This man did a lot for the company, in fact, under his leadership, Russian Railways came to a new technological level, in many respects corresponding to European practice, and even an advanced one. All his labor biography is associated with the railway industry: after the technical school, he went to work as a master of a locomotive depot, continued to study, became a brilliant engineer, parallel the managerial talent was manifested. Now Gapanovich is not just one of the company's managers, but an innovative machine of a global scale. Such people are the "white bone" of the railway industry, and I am very glad that at one time we became colleagues and started working in the same team. I got acquainted in the early 2000s on the project of the construction of the Ust-Luga port, I then worked as Deputy Minister of the MPS, and he was the chief engineer of the October Railway. At that time it was still a pure field, the construction was just beginning. Many, by the way, were skeptical about the idea of \u200b\u200bthe project, believed that it would be very difficult to implement it technologically. Gapanovich was just engaged in the technological linking of the railway complex with other components, and the fact that they then created with designers are now fully implemented. The Ust-Luga port not only took place, but he strongly develops, is already becoming a serious competitor to the Baltic ports and one of the largest ports in Europe.

When Russian Railways was created, I invited Valentina Alexandrovich to work in the central office. Then the company stood a very serious task of eliminating the technological failure in the field of traction rolling stock. It was necessary to almost renew the transport engineering on the release of new locomotives, modern cars, to begin to develop high-speed technologies. It was decided to allocate innovative activities in a separate unit, which was headed by Gapanovich. It is thanks to its efforts that we now have six types of domestic new generation locomotives, including the line of electrical locomotives with an asynchronous traction engine. The creation of locomotives is very complex process, and given certain problems of the loss of the design school in the country, Russian Railways specialists actively participated in the development. There was no time for the star, so many tests with tests were combined. In many respects, thanks to Gapanovich, technological cooperation was launched with Siemens in the field of railway transport, which has now increased in a full-fledged partnership in many directions. This man signed the first contract with Siemens on Locomotive Treatment, prepared a project for the launch of Sapsana with the Germans. The adaptation of the European train for operation in Russian conditions required the mass of the structural elements. Then the "swallow" launched, created the world's first gas turbovo, working on liquefied natural gas. The project is very interested in Americans. They even suggested that the transition to the use of turbines and liquefied gas could be a new revolution on railway transport, such a transition from steam thrust for diesel. Not without pride I can say that we have another number of advanced developments. And Valentin Aleksandrovich, the motion control system has successfully passed the check in the Olympic Sochi.

All these things that Valentin Aleksandrovich Gapanovich makes, determine the face of Russian railways for many years. He himself is a very passionate man, can tell about innovation for hours, and it is interesting to speak and simply. Equity charges and others. Gathered around himself intelligent specialists, engineers, actively attracts young people to innovative activities. They are constantly testing and developing their ideas at the NP Playground "Association of Railway Engineering Manufacturers", are actively exchanged experience with foreign colleagues. As a result, the fact that yesterday seemed fantastic, becomes reality. So, Gapanovich has already reported to me about the possibility of moving containers using magnetic levitation as a completely concrete joint project with Rosatom. The idea of \u200b\u200btrains on a magnetic pillow is implemented in Shanghai and Tokyo, but on passenger transport, and our innovative workers want to apply it in freight transport, given that the logistics of containers can afford a slightly higher transport component. This is a fundamentally new type of transport when, by creating a magnetic field, the trolley with a container is lifted and the train moves without contacting the surface of the Earth. There are no rubbing details, and we are talking about speeds of 450-500 km / h. These are Valentin Aleksandrovich's projects today puts on the agenda!

Valentin Aleksandrovich Gapanovich

Lokomotiv all industries

Today our huge state without railways is simply inconceivable. The operating length of railway tracks is about 90 thousand km. Every year, 1.3 billion tons of cargo and almost 1.3 billion passengers are transported. Which trains ride Russians and which rolling stock is used to transport goods, as security for railways is ensured - these and many other issues are included in the competence of the Senior Vice-President of Russian Railways, Valentina Gapanovich. Today's guest of our edition - a person is not public, does not like to participate in cut ribbons. But the disputes about the innovative development of railways cause him a living interest.

Valentin Aleksandrovich, how does the railway live today - the enterprise is complex and scattered throughout the country?

Lives intensely. Certain difficulties are always, but under any circumstances we move only forward. All last year, the company worked in a gap between macroeconomic forecasts and a real situation in the national economy.

Our financial situation was complicated by the containment of railway transport tariffs, it should have stimulated industry and promote the slowdown in inflation. When maintaining tariffs of Russian Railways on freight transportation at 2013, the prices of the fuel consumed by the company would rise by 11%, for electricity by 6.3%, at metals - by 5.2%.

As a result, the consumables of Russian Railways in 2014 was reduced by 85 billion rubles. This year, in accordance with the decision of the government, will reduce the cost of another 5.5 billion. We managed to reduce the cost of transportation by 0.7%, and the productivity of workers to increase by 10.6%. We do not reduce the pace of work and this year: we have everything they give, and fully provide passenger traffic.

- How did you manage it?

Exclusively due to the improvement of the work technology, through the use of energy-saving technologies. Unfortunately, they were forced to reduce the overhaul programs of the infrastructure and translate part of employees to an incomplete working week.

The company implements the program of anti-crisis measures. We have created the Uranium system - resource management and risks in limited opportunities. The initiative group was created, which includes scientists, main engineers, technical specialists of the Directorates.

We managed to develop several dozen techniques for optimizing the maintenance and repair of depot, workshops, other infrastructure facilities. Our department heads automatically can receive recommendations from leading specialists, what actions must be taken in a difficult situation. In essence, we have created an analytical management system.

- What investment projects had to refuse?

The Russian Railways Investment Budget reached 414.1 billion rubles for 2015. Last year, it was equal to 396.8 billion. Half of investment expenses will go to the fulfillment of the instructions of the President and the Government of Russia. Among them are the development of the railway infrastructure of the Far East, the reconstruction of the part of Mezhdurechensk - Taishet in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Maxim Gorky site - Crimean with bypassing the Krasnodar node. Plus the development of the railway network of the Taman Peninsula.

Of course, I would like to buy more locomotives, repair all the ways, modernize the energy facilities and the railway automatic management system. But there are main objects, under any circumstances, work does not stop on them: the reconstruction of Bama, Transsiba and, of course, the construction of the station Luzhskaya-sorting in the port of Ust-Luga. Today, this is the most advanced station in Russia, the CIS and Western Europe. Here we have implemented our newest developments and will soon launch the first place of the station. If earlier all the goods on the railway went to the ports of neighboring countries and the money was sworn there, now everything will remain in Russia.

- Are there directions where Russian Railways ahead of the planet?

Compared to the Western European and American 11th grade railways, we are still at the same level of technological development. Lag in the field of high-speed movement. I would even say, lagged, today we are moving forward.

But there are directions where we not only match, but even ahead of the level of world railway transport. For example, in the organization and management of train movement, taking into account energy-saving technologies. Americans and Europeans recognize that we went around in the train of trains in the system. Trains "Sapsan" go in the automaton mode, and the driver only controls the situation.

In recent years, we use satellite technologies. For example, a car system operates at the PC. Petersburg - Moscow, automatically controlling arrows and traffic lights. Every ten seconds we see where the train is and what happens to it. And these are not our only achievements.

- Agree, because we do not have a rolling stock of a world level?

I do not agree. Our cargo wagons according to the structure of the world standard correspond, and in quality - no. All because of bad casting. It is worth telling about gas turbovo. For the first time in the history of railway transport of the world as a motor fuel, we use liquefied natural gas.

- Yes, but this locomotive is criticized by ...

Those who criticizes it, I advise you to read what they are engaged in America. They have a special program for transferring railway transport to gas engine fuel and there is a remission of locomotives for this fuel. Because Americans are pragmatics. But on one locomotive they use diesel fuel and gas, and we have only gas. This new technique works on the Sverdlovsk Railway, and for six months we have received a good economic effect from using gas turbovo.

Today we must think that it will be in 10 - 15 years and that we will leave the next generation of railway workers. We accepted the bore of that generation and used it: the train control system, sorting slides, etc. But it is impossible to stop: with such a speed of technical progress, the stop will discard us for decades.

The next generation from us will receive the most modern locomotives with asynchronous traction drive. This technique will ensure work for 15 to 20 years of railway transport. According to the locomotives of the new generation, we do not fall behind Europeans and Americans. The "Swallow" project is a step forward in the sphere of comfortable service of regional passengers. GasUbrovoz and other innovative developments will appreciate the next generation of railway workers.

Now two new Russian factory make diesel locomotives and electric locomotives. In the Sverdlovsk region there was no such enterprise at all, and now - the most powerful plant "Ural locomotives" in the upper pyshma.

- What innovations do you introduce into passenger traffic?

I think the passengers notice the changes that have occurred over the past five years. According to our highways, high-speed Sapsan and Allegro trains are walking, "Swallow" train, two-storey long-distance carriages made on the Tver Carriage Plant. Soon the park will be replenished with two-storey regional electric trains.

I will note that the decision to purchase trains from the German company Siemens was justified. For 16 trains, the plant did not make sense. The contract for the project "Swallows" immediately met the localization of 80%, now it has already reached 63%, until the end of the year we will bring it up to 70%. Everyone talks about import substitution, and it is interpreted so that we will do everything yourself and quickly. In my understanding - no need to do everything yourself, you need to attract foreigners, create joint ventures.

- Will you build a high-speed highway Petersburg - Moscow?

We plan to reduce the time in the way "Sapsana" to 3 hours 30 minutes. But this is due to an increase in speed in individual sites, and not building new ways. I think that in 2017 Sapsan will already go from St. Petersburg to Moscow for 3.30. And if a new motorway will be built in this direction, then in the near future, the SMM is not required between our capitals.

- Fasciating speeds, do you forget about ecology?

We will not allow this. Any of our initiative passes all state experts, and without them we do not proceed to implement a single project. Back in 2008, the "Environmental Strategy" of Russian Railways was adopted, analogues in other industries was adopted. For example, new generation gas turbovo and diesel locomotives have very low emissions of harmful substances. In Yaroslavl, we built a scientific and production center for environmental protection, including a plant for the neutralization of hazardous waste.

Prepared Nadezhda Konovalov

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