A natural extract in the kitchen. How to ensure the outflow of air in the apartment. Calculation of required power

The design of ventilation and exhaust systems for kitchen facilities, in fact, is very simple. Nevertheless, there are many nuances, ignoring which, we have all chances to create incorrect and inefficient ventilation. Ventilation, which, instead of purifying the air, will, in the literal sense, poison our lives.

Natural ventilation of the kitchen and the law of conservation of air volume

Long gone are the days when residents of private houses and city apartments were satisfied with the natural ventilation of kitchen facilities. Despite the relatively low efficiency of such systems (especially during cooking), the principles of their arrangement will always be relevant. The fact is that the continuous functioning of natural ventilation is possible only if certain conditions are met. Namely: ventilation ducts must ensure unimpeded removal of air masses from the room, while the influx of fresh air into the kitchen should be continuous.

Effective operation of the ventilation system is possible only when the volume of air leaving the room is equal to the volume of air entering the kitchen.

Ensure compliance with the first condition can be timely cleaning and maintenance of ventilation ducts. The fulfillment of the second condition is possible when using the simplest intake devices in the ventilation system.

Just a couple of decades ago, most of the living quarters were equipped with wooden windows. Their tightness, as we know, left much to be desired. Therefore, the issue of fresh air to the apartment or house was solved practically without the participation of a person. Today, when we are dealing with sealed double-glazed windows and powerful kitchen hoods, the supply air valve, built-in the construction of a plastic window or mounted in a wall, is not a whim, but an absolute necessity.

The simplest intake-and-exhaust ventilation by one's own hands

If your house or apartment has a system of natural ventilation with an exhaust port in the kitchen, then the appearance of the smell of patties in the bedroom is practically not threatened. If your house is only being built, then take care of the availability of such a system - it's about time. Operating in normal mode, it will constantly update the air in the kitchen, and if it is not efficient enough, it can always be improved by equipping a small exhaust fan.

If you live in a private house, the roof fan installed in the ventilation duct will help to modernize the system design without creating noise during operation.

If you live in an apartment, the fan installed in the vent will qualitatively improve the flow of fresh air into the room.

A good solution can be a channel fan that can significantly increase the power of the exhaust flow.

Using these devices, you can turn natural ventilation into a simple supply-and-exhaust system.

Rules for creating air ducts

The system of natural ventilation, in which there are no auxiliary fans, can play a cruel joke on you at any moment. This is a physical phenomenon, such as "overturning traction". It is observed when, under the influence of external factors, the exhaust flow loses its force or completely changes its direction (air from the street starts to flow into the room through the ventilation shaft). Therefore, it is advisable to bring the ventilation duct to the roof, while its height should exceed the height of the ridge. This rule is relevant both for natural ventilation and for systems with forced air removal.

The pipe and duct, which will pass through cold places (attic and outside the building), should be insulated.

The ventilation duct, which is led to the street through an ordinary horizontal hole in the wall, because of the lack of pressure difference inside and outside the building, will only function if the fan is on.

Kitchen hoods

We examined the features of systems that function continuously and are designed to provide efficient air exchange in the kitchen. Now let's talk about the kitchen hoods - devices that are included in the work during the "hot" hours, helping us get rid of the smell of cooking on the stove.

Kitchen exhaust, in contrast to the standard ventilation system, helps to catch smoke, steam and particles of fat that get into the air during cooking. Therefore, the need to install an exhaust system in addition to the existing ventilation system is obvious.

So, the hood in the kitchen is needed, but what kind of hood should I use?

According to the principle of operation, the hoods are divided into flow and recirculation. The flow of air from the room to the street, while recirculation - filter out the impurities and return air back to the room.

Recirculating exhaust devices are not popular. And there are several reasons for this: the need for frequent replacement of filter elements, low efficiency and inability to remove excess heat from the room.

Given all the shortcomings of recycling facilities, they should only be used in exceptional cases.

The flow-through extracts the impurities generated during cooking, outside the room. By the method of installation, flow-through hoods can be suspended, built-in, angled, domed and island. Regardless of the type of installation the extractor is used for, the airflow from the room must be organized according to the same principle. It consists in the fact that the existing extractor should be connected only to a separate ventilation duct.

Connect the hood to a common ventilation duct, and even more so to the chimney - it's forbidden! Carbon monoxide and exhaust air can then return to the room.

In houses with outdated types of ventilation systems, an isolated duct for extractor connection is usually not available. And since you can not remove the hood into the common ventilation shaft, an additional ventilation duct must be created in a separate order. A suitable, but ineffective solution in this case is the purchase of a recycling plant.

If you are not afraid to spoil the facade of your house (apartment) with stains from grease, soot and steam, then you can draw a separate horizontal channel for drawing in the wall. The outlet vent will be located directly on the outer surface of the wall. It is desirable to equip a similar design with a non-return valve (if its availability is not provided in the design of the hood itself) or inertial grating.

Ideally, the duct for drawing should be created according to the same principles as other ventilation channels are created. Namely: in order to ensure that the duct provides natural traction when the hood is turned off, it should be brought to the roof of the house (just above the ridge).

Particular attention should be paid to the insulation of the air duct in the attic and on the street, which will prevent condensation.

As for ventilation outlets: it is advisable to purchase ready-made products, which, according to existing standards, are insulated at the manufacturing stage.

Duct material

The duct material used to connect the cooker hood must meet the following conditions:

1. Create minimal resistance to air flow.
2. Have high corrosion resistance.
3. Have a sufficient area of ​​the internal section.

Taking into account the first condition, a flexible corrugated pipe, whose walls have a sufficiently high resistance, it is recommended to use only for connecting the hood with the ventilation duct.

Corrugated, if possible, it is preferable to replace the smooth galvanized pipe with a circular or square section.

To prevent rust from destroying the airway, many people are trying to incorporate plastic sewer pipes with a thick section into its design. But this material tends to accumulate fatty deposits, while it is not safe to call such pipes. Their use can lead to a fire (it is only necessary to ignite the oil on a hot frying pan while the hood is running). It is for this reason that the use of sewage pipes should be abandoned in advance.

Power calculation

Choosing a hood for your own kitchen, each of us thinks about what should be the power of this device. In all cases, this indicator depends on the area of ​​the kitchen. If the area of ​​your kitchen is less than 10m² (inclusive), and the height is 2.5-2.7 m, then the hood, letting through 280-350 m³ of air in one hour, can fully satisfy your needs. If the kitchen area is larger, then the power of the device should be appropriate.

In principle, this parameter can be learned from the sellers, and you can calculate by yourself using the formula: V = S * H ​​* 10 * 1.3. In it: S and H are the area and height of the room, V is the volume (m³ / h).

Natural ventilation is the simplest, yet at the same time ingenious solution for creating air exchange in living quarters. Despite its simplicity, this system operates according to strictly defined rules, and their violation threatens quite serious troubles.

• Rule one - to effectively remove the exhaust air you need to get into the room a new, fresh air.

Currently, this rule is violated everywhere, "clogging" their homes sealed plastic windows. But it was through the wooden windows that an influx of air masses entered our apartments.

• The second rule is any independent intervention in the ventilation system, it can not only reduce the effect of the air exhaust, but also turn the air flows in the opposite direction. In the end: instead of drawing in your kitchen there will be an influx of air, only from other apartments, or even worse - from the toilet. To prevent this, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with.

Very often, this phenomenon occurs in the summer and in the kitchen, because every respecting hostess finds it necessary to install a hood in her kitchen. We do not want to say that problems arise precisely because of it. Problems arise because many people use this hood to replace natural ventilation. This, and some common misconceptions, we'll talk about in this article.

How natural ventilation works

The natural ventilation in our apartments is designed in such a way that air flows can freely flow from one room to another, moving from the high pressure area to the lower pressure area, i.e. from heat to cold. One air comes out, and in its place another enters. This is physics or the law of nature, and against it we are powerless.

With the appearance in our homes of fine and airtight plastic windows, as well as metal doors with quality seals, the supply air can not enter the apartments and the natural movement of air or air exchange ceases. Fresh air in the dwellings is no more, the apartment is stuffy and the humidity is high. And then our man comes up with an additional problem - this.

Air exchange and cooker hood

In each apartment there are two separate exhaust ducts: One in the bathroom and the other in the kitchen. Imagine a sealed apartment with very high-quality plastic windows and the same doors in which the hostess in the kitchen turned on the hood. In fairness, it must be clarified that the hood is branded, quality and very powerful, and the exhaust ventilation in the kitchen is old, made according to all standards and norms, but for wooden windows.

Having included such an extract in a sealed apartment in which the entire volume of air is 130m3 - 150m3, the exhaust "umbrella" with a capacity of 500-1000m3 will drive all the air through itself in a few minutes. As a result: in the kitchen, the hood will create a vacuum, and without a natural inflow of air, inevitably pull the missing cubic meters of air masses from the second vent of the apartment - from the toilet. And since the ventilation shafts in the attic are combined, the smell can draw not only from your bathroom, but from the neighbors. In this small example, we showed you the interaction of the hood in the kitchen and ventilation.

How to properly organize the hood in the kitchen with a gas stove

To date, almost all kitchens in private houses and apartments are equipped with hoods, and this is a problem. The problem is not in the hood itself, but in the fact that ventilation ducts are not always designed for its use. Standard ducts in our homes have a section of 130x130mm, and their maximum capacity is 180m3 / h. But modern "umbrellas" have a capacity exceeding the capacity in times, and this has a very negative effect on the operation of the general ventilation system, as well as the ventilation of the apartment.

In order to properly organize the ventilation of the kitchen with a gas stove, you need to make it mixed, i.e. correctly combine the work of the exhaust "umbrella" and natural ventilation. This can be done in two ways.

1. Connect the duct of the cooker hood to the vent channel, above the grate of the natural ventilation system. Moreover, the duct must be directed into the shaft with a turn up.
   

   Important!
     With this installation, the exhaust duct should take no more than half the section of the ventilation shaft to ensure the operation of natural ventilation.

2. The second method involves connecting the duct of the cooker hood, above the natural ventilation opening, without tucking it into the shaft. But at the same time, the ventilation grille should be equipped with a non-return valve, so that it overlaps the grate at the time of the exhaust "umbrella".

Natural air exchange in the kitchen of a private house

The natural ventilation of the kitchen of a private house is experiencing the same difficulties as in the apartment, and maybe even larger, since a lot of mistakes are allowed, beginning with the process of its design. It seems that there is a ventilation system in the house, but on closer inspection it simply does not work. Next, we will consider the main mistakes in the design and installation of the ventilation system of the cottage.

• Location of ventilation grilles. By all rules, they should be at least 10cm. from the ceiling, because through them a warm, exhaust air must be emitted, displaced by the colder one-the supply air. But in practice, things are not so rosy: In many kitchens, the grilles are much lower, and as a result, a zone of stagnation is formed that is above the grate.
• To save money, in a private house, often, adjacent rooms are equipped with a single ventilation shaft. That is why air, and with it smells, can move from the kitchen to the room, and not through the ventilation shaft. From the standpoint of sanitary and hygienic standards, this is wrong.
• Another common mistake in designing a natural ventilation of a private home is the insufficient height of the ventilation pipes. Due to the small difference in pressure, such ventilation may not work.
•   , but in practice most builders do not consider this necessary and only install forced ventilation, which depends on electricity. There is no electricity, and the fans do not work, the exhaust air masses are not output.
• Very often it makes the ventilation system work incorrectly, oddly enough - a fireplace. When fuel burns, it burns oxygen and picks up air from the ventilation ducts.

These are only the main mistakes that are allowed even when designing a natural ventilation of a private house. But how to make ventilation in the kitchen more effective?

Efficient self-ventilation

If ventilation in your home does not work or works poorly, then having a simple knowledge or following our advice, even an amateur can revive it. For this you need to know the principles of the movement of air currents and a few basic rules.

1. The kitchen belongs to a room with intensive air exchange. According to the norms, air exchange in this room should not be less than 90 m3 / hour. Translated into a more understandable language, this means that in one hour 90 cubes of waste air must be removed from your kitchen. But according to the balance equation Σ Lpr. = Σ Low, for sufficient air exchange an inflow of 90 m3 / h is needed.
2. Armed with knowledge, now to restore ventilation in the kitchen, you need to install an exhaust fan, into the ventilation duct, with a capacity of at least 90 m3 / h. But we remind you that this is only if the natural exhaust of air from this room does not work.

Household men are known to strive to make every little thing in the house with their own hands to be sure of the result. They, probably, also have thought up worldly wisdom that if you want, that it has been made well, should do it itself.

Many in an effort to improve the convenience and beauty of the interior, and get to the system of kitchen ventilation.

2 Classification of the types of ventilation systems in the kitchen

When designing kitchen ventilation by one's own hands, first of all it is necessary to determine which type of hood is most suitable for the kitchen, so that the wrong choice of its type does not lead to unwanted redevelopment of the room, or a violation of the kitchen interior. Or vice versa, if your plans include a radical redevelopment and a complete change in the interior of the room - then under the new interior is not less important.

  At the moment, there are several basic types of this technique:

• Dome hood  - the traditional and most common option. Suitable for most classical kitchens.
• Suspended  - a flat hood, often installed between the hob and the hanging cupboard. Does not violate the general style of the interior.
• Corner hood  - suitable for kitchens with a small area, in which, due to lack of space, the stove is located in the corner.
• Island hood  - designed for kitchens, the area of ​​which allows you to place the hob on a peculiar island in the middle of the room. This hood is installed to bring the interior of the room closer to the look of professional cuisine.
•    - mounted in the cabinet, hiding from prying eyes the main part of it, as well as air ducts. An excellent option for those who do not want to violate the overall style and interior design.

Having determined what type of hood is right for you, you can start to study the intricacies of performing work on installing the ventilation system yourself.

2.1 Self-assembly and dismantling of ventilation kitchen systems

When installing the ventilation system with your own hands, it is important to initially correctly calculate the required output power. The erroneous choice of performance is fraught with the wrong operation of the entire system.

Calculating the power of the hood - the guarantee of correct operation of the system

There is a standard formula for calculating the output power: this is the volume of the room multiplied by 12. The room volume can be easily calculated by multiplying its area by the height. And the figure 12 - is the recommended standard for the number of air updates in the kitchen for one hour.

2.2 Choosing the Right Ducts for Your Ventilation System

Having calculated the required output power, it is also necessary to select a pipe for connecting the extractor to the ventilation shaft, which is easy to reach by dismantling the decorative grid hiding it. Only the choice of the correct diameter and length of the pipe will ensure optimum performance of the ventilation system.

The most common options are and. The diameter of the duct should be selected based on the dimensions of the exhaust outlet of the hood. In no case should you install a smaller diameter pipe, as this will result in loss of system performance and an increased noise level during its operation.

When installing a pipe that connects the hood to the ventilation shaft, it is desirable to avoid a large number of sharp turns of the duct, as this will inevitably adversely affect the power. If you can not do without twists, it is desirable to make them smooth, with a large radius, or one bend of 90 degrees to produce in two stages of 45.

When you remove the air duct not into the ventilation shaft, but immediately to the street, the pipe outlet must be equipped with a grate, and also a check valve. while it will serve as protection against foreign objects entering the duct, and the check valve will not allow airflows to create a return draft.

The importance of proper fresh air ventilation

Unlike the times when the majority of apartment buildings were designed, and ventilation indicators were calculated, based on the capacity of wooden windows, the current apartments are mostly equipped with plastic windows that let in much less air from outside.

This should also be taken into account in the calculations, since in this case the air will start to flow from the remaining rooms of the apartment, as well as from the ventilation shaft located in the bathroom. Having got rid of one problem, we, thus, will make the following. You can avoid this by building in the external wall supply ventilation. In fact, this is a piece of pipe, through which, with the rarefaction of the atmosphere in the kitchen, air begins to flow from the outside.

Such a system should also be equipped with a grate and a check valve, but now this valve no longer allows air from the kitchen to exit. A lattice, traditionally, protects the duct from getting debris and foreign objects. They are best positioned behind the radiator, so that the air coming from outside, had time to warm up slightly.

The diameter of the pipe should be calculated based on the drawing power, as well as the intensity of its use. In order not to complicate your task, sometimes, at low hatching power, it is enough to equip a plastic window in the kitchen with a supply valve.

To be or not to be demolished ventilation box?

Many, when re-planning the kitchen, decide to demolish, which, in their opinion, does not bring any benefit, but only takes up the useful area of ​​the premises. Do so in any case impossible.

This box is not only an element of the interior. He is also part of the general house ventilation system, and his demolition will inevitably lead to a malfunction of the ventilation shaft. Not only will this damage the ventilation of your apartment, so also the smells of neighboring apartments can become your constant guests.

In addition, the demolition of the box is simply prohibited, which can lead to problems, if an unauthorized redevelopment of this type is detected by the competent authorities. In addition to the penalties, you may also be required to restore the ventilation box in the kitchen.

So, if you change the layout of the room, this possibility should be discarded. Therefore, since it can not be removed, it is possible to produce its decorative finish, harmoniously inscribing it in the overall style of the interior.

2.3 Rules for the operation and prevention of ventilation kitchen systems

Proper operation is the guarantee of system efficiency

When installing and using the ventilation system in the kitchen, an important rule should be "do no harm". Intervention in the initial ventilation system in case of kitchen remodeling should be one that would improve the original air vent system, rather than reduce its performance.

As already mentioned above, when developing a draft ventilation system and re-planning the premises, you need to abandon the demolition of the ventilation duct, since this is fraught with negative consequences for you and your neighbors.

Incorrect selection of the drawing power also affects the performance of the ventilation system. Too little hood can not clean the air in time, and too strong for a given room volume will lead to an imbalance of air flows.

Also, one of the guarantees of long-term operation of the system is its timely prevention.

Timely prevention - as a pledge of longevity and a way to save money

It is well known that during the operation of any equipment it is better to carry out preventive maintenance in time than to subsequently carry out expensive repairs. Prevention of ventilation systems should be carried out regularly, and this is a fairly simple procedure, which can also be carried out by hand, without the involvement of specialists.

At least once a year, air ducts should be inspected and, if necessary, cleaned from soot and dust. Also, it is necessary to clean the grate located at the end of the exhaust duct, if it is pulled out. It is equally important to clean and grate the ventilation.

Prevention of the grease grate located on the hood should be carried out as contamination occurs. Sometimes grate it is enough to wash with warm soapy water, without using aggressive detergents and hard metal brushes.

Wrong choice of detergent can spoil, damaging its coating. And the frequency of replacing the carbon filter should be calculated, based on the intensity of the use of the hood.

In general, the issue of installing the ventilation system itself is wide enough, but we hope that the information presented in this article helped you to find out some of the nuances associated with this type of work. And the air ventilation system, installed by yourself, will regularly serve, pleasing its functionality and complementing the interior of the kitchen.

Comments:

• The main types of kitchen ventilation
  • General ventilation for kitchen
  • Local ventilation for kitchen
• How is the required capacity calculated?
• Methods for testing the operation of the built-in ventilation system
• Ventilation for kitchen in private houses
  • Types of supply and exhaust ventilation
• Nuances of proper ventilation for the kitchen
• Quality ventilation - a pledge of good health

Probably, you have repeatedly faced with the fact that there is a foreign odor in the entrance of your house or even in your apartment. This means that in this house ventilation is either absent or in a very poor state.

The kitchen in your apartment (or house) is the record holder for the production of various smells. Due to the constant preparation of food, cooking, hot and other gastronomic processes, a lot of burning, heat and steam are released into the air. Therefore, it is necessary to have ventilation in the kitchen.

It will provide you and your home with special protection, because breathing clean air is extremely important. Since natural ventilation for the kitchen does not cope with the rapid elimination of odors, you need to make sure that air exchange increases by artificial means.

The main types of kitchen ventilation

If in your kitchen there is only one vent, then this is a serious omission of builders and designers. By all rules, there should be two such holes. But the search for "unoccupied" ventilation ducts is also undesirable, because they can already be muffled from above or they can be used by your neighbors from the bottom.

This will lead to the fact that you just add another source of extraneous odors to your apartment. Since it was already mentioned about the drawbacks of natural traction, it is worth noting that it makes sense to connect additional exhaust devices to the ventilation ducts.

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General ventilation for kitchen

Directly into the duct is installed a fan for conventional extraction. In order for it to work, it is simply necessary to additionally put a switch and provide the device with a wire for turning on / off. Among the standard sizes of nozzles for such a fan are 100, 125, 150 mm. You will need to prepare a special hole for its diameter. When all the finishing work is finished, a fan is installed and connected.

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Local ventilation for kitchen

Such ventilation is extremely appropriate in the main cooking zone and the accumulation of all kinds of odors and various substances. A special device is called - kitchen hood. By design, the hoods are classified as follows:

1. Built-in (or built-in) hoods are perfectly combined with any kitchen furniture and fit all the interiors. Can be installed even inside the table (although usually in some of the hinged cabinets). The connecting pipe easily hides in the furniture, if suddenly the axis of the hood installation does not coincide with the vent.
2. Standard (flat) hoods are suspended structures that you secure between a wall cabinet and a cooker.
3. Angular (with fixation in the corners) hood.
4. Wall hoods require installation on a wall, directly above the stove. You will find a huge selection of a wide variety of design proposals of this type.
5. Island hoods are attached to the ceiling. Their main advantage is free use in all rooms. Most often they are installed in the kitchen with an island.

All, except for the built-in hood, are of the type of outdoor installation. By design features there is a wide variety of shapes: telescopic, dome, inclined, retractable and many others. Classic design - it's dome devices, more advanced version - vertical or inclined. But the principle of their work is common.

The body (with the engine and a hood) is located below, and the tube, covered with a decorative casing, goes up. Therefore, in the case of installing such structures, the ventilation hole and the extraction axis must coincide.

It is not necessary to say that it often does not happen in kitchens, because the stove is located somewhere in the middle of the room, and the exhaust channel is located somewhere in the corner. To hide the pipe connection, you can make a special gypsum cardboard box on the ceiling, because hide it in the wall will not work.

You can also highlight a small classification by how devices work. They are either flowing or circulating. The former are considered more effective. They absorb odors and remove polluted air through the shaft (air duct).

For the operation of the circulation hoods, special carbon filters are required. Through them, and will be skipped and cleaned the air. There is one nuance here. At least once every six months, you need to change these filters, because the quality of the device depends on their quality.

Regardless of which model you choose, the main thing is that the hood functions correctly and qualitatively cope with its tasks, providing ventilation fully. To do this, it is worth considering that you need to carefully select the device, calculating its correct power, and then install it, following all the rules and regulations of SNiP.

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How is the required capacity calculated?

If it is wrong to calculate the power of the future hood, it is unlikely that the ventilation for the kitchen will be fully and efficiently operated. Here everything depends on the size of the room. There is a definite calculation formula, which is necessarily useful when planning ventilation in your kitchen. Here's how it looks:

P (which means power) = S (referring to the area of ​​your room) * H (multiply by height) * 12.

Experts advise adding 30% of the top to the final figure. So you get more objective indicators. It is worth making a small correction to the fact that the power is lost due to the curvilinear shapes of the air ducts.

Another thing worth paying attention to the permissible noise level. Remember that the limit is 50 dB. Anything higher will become an additional source of discomfort for you. Carefully study all the technical specifications before choosing the hood.

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Methods for testing the operation of the built-in ventilation system

Do not forget: you need to have well-functioning and natural kitchen ventilation in addition to additional devices. How can this be verified?

1. You can attach a paper sheet to the opening of the hood. It must adhere to the ventilation grille. This means that there are no complaints about ventilation.
2. There is another option. Bring a lighted match there. You should see that the system draws the flame inside. This will be an indicator of its proper operation.

Otherwise, the ventilation of the kitchen is in a sorry state. You can try to remove the ventilation grille yourself and clean the channel - this can be done for the length of the outstretched arm. You will not receive a special result. You can refer to special services, whose representatives have the necessary equipment and tools. Although it is very expensive.

You can still contact the Housing and Utilities or other management company, which is responsible for the safety and integrity of your home. Sometimes it happens that at the outlet of the pipe there is a bird's nest or other unpleasant details that can affect the operation of your ventilation. Also, improper work can be facilitated by negligent neighbors who, during the repair and redevelopment of their apartment, inadvertently removed the "extra pipe".

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Ventilation for kitchen in private houses

The optimal system for ventilation of buildings of a private type is the supply and exhaust. The scheme of its work is that special equipment is used that pushes the air received from the street into the internal premises and then takes it out. This system from the category of energy-dependent, it is quite expensive. But there are a lot of pluses. For example, a complete lack of odors and musty air.

Special filters constantly clean the air, which comes from the street. And there is the presence of air heaters to heat it if necessary. Already cleaned and heated, you can direct air to any room in your home. The main thing is the correct installation with a clear scheme for the distribution of air ducts and the correct connection of all components of the system.

In the equipment there is an automatic mode. Without outside interference, the system monitors both humidity and temperature in each room. If there are any deviations, the mode changes. At its work there is no vibration, no noise.

Effective ventilation in the kitchen is one of the most important comfort conditions. Smells, warmth, moisture released during cooking, with non-functioning ventilation can easily penetrate into the rooms.

Types of ventilation

There are two main types of ventilation in the apartment in the kitchen:

Natural. The simplest and most effective way to create a good air exchange in the kitchen is natural ventilation. In order for it to work, it is necessary to observe two basic conditions:

• To dirty air easily went into the mine, you need fresh air. This condition ceased to be fulfilled properly when the universal replacement of wooden windows for plastic, hermetic, energy-saving ones began. Such windows are effective for keeping heat, but significantly reduce the efficiency of natural ventilation.
• The ventilation system of the house is being developed, calculated at the stage of construction of the house and takes into account the area of ​​the premises and other factors. Intervention, changing the parts of the ventilation system can significantly reduce the drawing force or change the direction of air flow. Because of this, the kitchen will not penetrate clean air from the windows, but contaminated from neighboring apartments or from the toilet.

To improve the outflow of polluted air in kitchens, special hoods are often installed, which are designed to catch dirty air above the stove. The most common mistake in the ventilation system in the kitchen with a hood is that the hood is trying to replace natural ventilation. There is practically no clean air. A powerful extract removes the polluted air rather quickly and creates diluted air in the apartment. If there is no supply air from the street through the windows, then the missing volume is drawn from the toilet, where the second ventilation hole is located.

The correct organization of ventilation using the hood

Most of the ventilation ducts in the houses built last century are not designed for the use of modern hoods. Air ducts usually have a cross-section of 13x13 cm and allow air to flow up to a maximum of 180 cubic meters per hour. The power of the hoods is several times higher than this value. When the extract is operated, the functioning of the ventilation of the apartment and the entire house is disturbed.

Exhaust ventilation in the kitchen can work effectively if you combine the work of the forced system (exhaust) and natural. To do this, the duct from the hood must be connected to the ventilation system above the grate.

When the extraction is turned off, ventilation is carried out naturally, the air outflow occurs through the grate. The inflow of air must be provided through the half-open windows.

When organizing ventilation in the kitchen with the hood, you need to take into account a number of points:

When installing the hood, you need to select the correct distance from the surface of the cooker to the hood. This distance is indicated in the documents for the hood. A shorter distance provides better traction, but can cause damage to plastic parts with hot air.

To remove air from the hood above the stove to the ventilation duct, use special boxes, pipes of aluminum, plastic. Smooth air ducts have less resistance to passing air than corrugated air. The smaller the bends and turns of the box, the better the traction.

With the device ventilation in the kitchen with their own hands to place the air duct in two ways:

• Fits on the upper cabinets.

• Hides with the help of elements of decoration: for the gypsum cardboard, for the suspended ceiling. In this case, before working on the pipe, it is necessary to thoroughly check the efficiency of the hood. After the wall or ceiling is sewn, eliminating the problems will be much more difficult. The pipe fractures, ducts reduce the cross-sectional area and reduce the productivity of the hood.

Features of ventilation of a private house

The ventilation of the kitchen in a private house is based on the same principles as in an apartment. The most frequent mistakes in the ventilation system in the kitchen of the house are:

• Incorrect position of the ventilation grid. The grate should be at a distance of up to 10 cm from the ceiling.
• One mine for all premises of the house. According to the sanitary-hygienic norms for the kitchen, a separate shaft must be provided, this will avoid getting dirty air from the kitchen into the room through the shaft.
• The low height of the ventilation pipes, which does not create the desired pressure difference.
• Lack of natural ventilation. When the electricity is switched off, from which the forced ventilation system works, dirty air is not output.

Ventilation in the kitchen, arranged according to all norms and rules, will ensure the absence of smells and fresh air.