How to calculate the sweep of the cut at the angle of the pipe. How to cut a pipe at an angle - marking options for a round and shaped pipe

Pipes are a widespread building material. They are used in the installation of different systems. The usual case in the process of installation is the situation where pipes need to be docked at an angle. However, the technology of production of such works is not quite usual. To create a similar connection configuration, you need to cut the pipes at an angle. Consider how such operations are performed and what methods of cutting exist.

Considering the methods of work - cutting directly or at an angle - it is necessary to take into account the different material of the products being processed. So, the sleeves made from polypropylene or thin copper, to cut easier and easier, than thick-walled steel pipes.

Plastic products of small diameters are cut at the right angle using special scissors. At the same time, you can control the angle with a conventional protractor.

It is very often necessary to cut pipes during operation with these mounting elements. A popular tool for such cases is the so-called Bulgarian. With this tool, cut straight and at an angle

The most frequent need for installation is cutting water pipes or other pipes at an angle of 45º. We will find out which devices can be used for cutting under this and another angle.

Paper for the pipe

To perform a relatively accurate cut, you can apply a simple technique, where as a kind of pattern protrudes a regular piece of paper. For example, the A4 format printer paper is suitable for creating a pattern. Preliminarily, the sheet is drawn under the square using a ruler. The size of the diagonal of the square should be equal to the length of the circumference of the pipe, which must be cut off. The excess parts of the sheet are cut off.

The simplest way to get a markup line on a pipe to produce a cut at an angle of 45 degrees. A common sheet of paper is used, which is superimposed on the pipe body in the cutting area

1. Bend the sheet diagonally, aligning the opposite corners.
2. The resulting triangle is rotated so that the line of the hypotenuse is perpendicular to the axis of the tube.
3. In this position, wrap the paper with a pipe surface, aligning the extreme points of the hypotenuse together.
4. Mark the marker of the cut along the line of any of the triangle's legs.
5. Trim the pipe along the intended line.

In this way it is quite convenient to mark and cut pipes at an angle of 45º in the range of diameters from 32 to 63 mm. For greater ease of marking, it is recommended to take thick but soft paper. You can also use paronite and similar materials.

Programs for calculating the angles of a cut

The technology of cutting by patterns makes it possible to obtain different cutting angles. But for the formation of patterns at angles other than 45º, you will already need to perform mathematical calculations and, based on calculated data, cut out a template from paper or similar materials. True, there are computer programs designed to save the master from the production of calculations. Lapels for cutting pipes such programs are printed on the printer.

This is the window of the computer program that calculates the cutoff angle for the circular section. Based on the results of the calculation, a drawing is drawn, which can be printed out by the printer. The pattern is cut out

A simple calculation program created on the basis of the MS Excel application makes it possible to calculate and draw a pattern for almost any values ​​of pipe diameters and required cutting angles. All that is necessary for the user to do is to add the corresponding values ​​to the cells of the "Outer diameter" and the "Cutoff angle". By these parameters, a template is generated, which can be sent to print.

An example of a pattern obtained by calculation in a popular Excel program. Calculation of the points of the curve is carried out on the basis of only two specified parameters - the diameter of the pipe and the required cutting angle

The drawback of the program is that it does not take into account the thickness of the sheet of the pattern, which leads to insignificant inaccuracies.

Pipe Cutting Tube

There is an uncomplicated tool, often used in everyday life, mainly for working with wood. It's called a stool. So, this same device is suitable for cutting pipes, and at different angles. The chair is available for sale, but if you wish, you can always make it yourself and fit the design to the desired diameter of the pipe:

1. Take a wooden board with a width equal to the diameter of the pipe, 400-500 mm long.
2. Take two more boards of the same size, but in width increased by the thickness of the first board.
3. From three boards to assemble the structure in the form of an inverted "P", where the first board is installed as the base.
4. In the central part of the construction, mark a rectangle, the two sides of which run along the inner borders of the side boards.
5. Divide the rectangle diagonally and along the lines obtained on the top edges of the side boards, make the cuts down to the bottom.

In this way, a template is made for cutting at an angle of 45 °. But with the help of the protractor it is possible to mark out almost any angle and make the cuts under the pipe cut for a particular angle. Advantage of the chair - the tool is suitable for repeated use. Working with the tool is permissible to such a degree of wear of the walls of the slots, as long as they can provide high accuracy of the cut. It is recommended to make tool walls from a material of higher strength than wood.

This seems to be a possible construction of a chair - a device, thanks to which it is also possible to cut pipes at different angles. However, as a rule, it is convenient to use a chair for cutting pipes of small diameters and with a small wall thickness

Advantages of the method are obvious - simplicity, ease of tool making (chair), economy, versatility. Disadvantages of working with such an option of rigging is the need to fit the dimensions of the chair for the pipe diameter provided that the exact cut is performed. That is, each pipe will have to make its own tool.

Also, with the help of a chair, it is possible to cut the pipe only with a hacksaw for metal or secateurs (for plastic products). To work with thick-walled metal pipes under the bullet of a Bulgarian this tool will not work.

Simple cutting equipment

Metal products of round and rectangular shape, having sufficiently thick walls, it is convenient to cut at an angle with the help of an uncomplicated tooling of electromechanical action. The cutting element of this tool is a cutting disc or a circular saw fixed to the shaft of the electric motor. In turn, the electric motor with the cutter is a part of all the rigging, which includes a working table, pendulum support, clamp.

Electromechanical device for cutting pipe elements, including at different angles. A disk cutter and a simple mechanical system  fixing the pipe in different positions

To install the pipe at the desired angle with subsequent mounting it uses a conventional clamp and two metal corners. One corner (short) is attached to the base of the pivoting mechanism - a pendulum. The second corner (long) is in a free state.

Procedure for laying the pipe and cutting:

1. The rotary mechanism sets the required cutting angle (for example, with a ruler and protractor).
2. The found position is fixed by the clamping screws.
3. Between the short and long corners a pipe is laid and pressed with a clamp screw.
4. The voltage is applied to the motor.
5. Applying a weak pressing force to the cutter disk, the pipe is cut in the right place.

The advantages of this technique are fast operation, accurate cut, the ability to process a large number of pipes in a short period of time. Disadvantages: restrictions to use in domestic conditions, increased noise, work with pipes of only small and medium diameters. In addition, the process of cutting with snap is performed permanently at a distance from the installation site, which is not always acceptable.

The nuances of working with a rectangular section

To perform cutting of rectangular products, it is recommended to prepare template cuts of corners in advance. They can easily be made from a metal corner, previously marked with the same protractor.

Cutting rectangular pipes (profile elements) at the right angles is usually done by patterns. Such patterns are made from metal corners of different sizes

Markup can be done for different angles. For use in the case of the template, it is enough to attach it to the rectangular pipe in the right place and mark the cutting line. Then, by any suitable tool, perform cutting along the planned line.

Precision cutting machines

Among the branded devices that could be used in everyday life to cut at an angle, you can pay attention to the technique of Italian production. The Mini Cut band saw from MASS company is a small-sized device with manual clamping, for working not only with pipes, but also with corners, rods, profile elements.

A convenient and productive apparatus for cutting pipes of small and medium-sized diameters. The cutter is made on the basis of a strip steel strip, which can be installed to perform cutting at an angle

The machine supports the setting of a cutting angle from 0 to 45º. The procedure is carried out using a belt with a speed of 45 reciprocating movements per minute. The device is equipped with an electric motor with a power of 370 W, which is powered by household network. The maximum permissible diameter of the round tube to be cut is 65 mm.

Industrial models (BSM example)

There are special industrial machines for performing precise cutting operations at an angle. Good example: devices produced under the brand "BSM". The manufacturer of machine tools is the German company Rexinger. However, the machines of the "BSM" series are designed exclusively for work with polypropylene pipes  sufficiently large diameters. The processing of products such as PP, PVC, PE, PVDF is supported.

Industrial machine for cutting pipe products from polymers. It is intended for work with products of large diameters, but has a tooling for processing pipes from 50 mm. The machine provides cutting in a wide range of angles

The cutting tool of the machine is a band saw, thanks to which the cutting is performed at angles from 0 to 67.5º. The accuracy of the process is ensured by the laser cutter recognizer. Despite the configuration of the device for large diameter products, a special table can be used, with which small diameter pipes (50 - 200 mm) are also successfully cut. A wide range of BSM devices is available.

Application of thermal methods

In addition to mechanical methods, thermal methods are often used, where welding or cutting machines operate as a tool. For example, an autogenous gas cutter or a conventional welding machine (DC / AC). With the help of these cutting machines, thick-walled metal pipes are available. However, it is extremely difficult to obtain an ideally smooth qualitative cut by the method of electric welding or gas autogen.

The technology of cutting with the help of electric welding and autogen is widespread everywhere. The technique does not provide high accuracy of cutting, but when installing pipes this factor is often not the determining factor

Usually, after cutting by a thermal method, the products undergo additional processing. The cut line is aligned, the values ​​of the required angle are adjusted. Such an approach is economically unprofitable, since it is accompanied by additional costs for machining. As a rule, the thermal method of cutting is used in the industrial and manufacturing sphere. True, housing and communal services also often resort to this method.

Thermal cutting is also used for working with plastic material. There are devices - thermal guillotines. The sharp thin blade of such apparatuses is heated to a high temperature, after which the cutting is performed.

Thermal guillotines support cutting at an angle, and this is their advantage. However, to work with more rigid materials than polyvinyl chloride, wood, wood chipboards, these devices can not be used.

Video: how to cut a pipe correctly

The video presents calculations and shows a workshop on the execution of pipe cuts at angles of 45 and 90:

For each individual installation, you can choose the most convenient and less expensive way of cutting. The specific choice depends on the pipe material, its diameter, and wall thickness. Using simple marking methods, you can get a fairly accurate angle, under which you want to trim the workpiece. At the same time, turning to a complex calculation technique, it is possible to cut at non-standard angles with high accuracy.

Installation of systems often requires painstaking preparation. In particular, it is required to cut pipes of the required size. Sometimes it becomes necessary to cut them at an angle. The angle should be exact, because otherwise it will be impossible to establish the system correctly. The welding line will be broken, which will reduce the quality of the construction. In this article, we'll look at how to cut a pipe at 45 degrees.

Tools and materials

In order to cut a design under 45 degrees you will need to buy the following tools and materials:

• Paper;
• Tare with water;
• Building scotch;
• Usual scotch tape;
• Mark;
• Scissors;
• PC and the program, allowing to create design sweeps;
• Lathe unit;
• Gas flame tool;
• Tool for cutting designs;
• Welding tool;
• Hacksaw on metal surfaces;
• Bulgarian.

Completing of the work

What if you need to cut the pipe at 45 degrees? First of all, you need a sheet of a square shape. It folds along the diagonal. Then the structure is placed in it. The edges of the diagonals must be in contact. The smaller side of the sheet makes it clear where the line is at 45 degrees. It must be drawn with chalk or core.

What if the diameter of the pipe is small? To do this, take a deep container with water. It puts the pipe under the required slope (it is calculated before the start of work). The line at the boundary of the dry part of the structure allows you to understand where you want to cut the structure at 45 degrees. The line, as in the first case, should be drawn with chalk or core.

For these purposes, you can also use paint tape. It is better if it is narrow. The method is good in those cases where the design is of great length and it needs to be divided in the middle. Painting tape is superimposed under the necessary bias. If it was pasted incorrectly, it can be easily pasted. For the quality of work, it is recommended to stick an adhesive tape on the pipe in 2-3 layers.

You can try and more sophisticated method, which guarantees the most accurate results. It will require a PC and an installed program to perform sweeps or drawings. A drawing is executed first. The template specifies the circumference of the structure and the slope. The sweep can be done without a special program, applying OST 38-43-81. Then the template is printed on the printer. The number of sheets used in this case is determined on the basis of the need. The drawing is cut out and pasted with adhesive tape. Then it is brought to the structure, and lines for the cut are drawn along the lines.

After the line is drawn according to any of the above methods, it is possible to cut the pipe 45 degrees. For this it is recommended to use a turning tool. It allows you to perform a smooth and accurate cut. If a gas-flame tool or welding is used, experience is indispensable for quality work. Otherwise, the cut will turn out to be uneven. If the work is done with a large number of designs, it is better to use a grinder or pipe cutting tools. If you do not have any professional tools at hand, you can apply a hacksaw on metal surfaces.

Before you cut a pipe at 45 degrees, we recommend that you review useful information materials: photos and videos.

Quite often, when performing various construction or repair work, it becomes necessary to cut the pipe. This can be plumbing, piping or installation of heating systems, but in any case know how to cut the pipe evenly. Some features of this task will be discussed later.

Cutting at 45 degrees

One particular example of this situation is the need to cut a metal pipe at an angle of 45 degrees. Such cutting of material is often required when laying water pipes or heating systems. In this case, you have to deal with steel pipes. For these purposes, the usual pipes of cylindrical section are usually used. If we are talking about the installation of some metal structures, then often used profile pipes of rectangular or square cross-section. The main problem here is that in order for the connected elements to coincide, the cut must be as flat as possible, so special attention should be paid to the layout of the material.

In the case where cutting at an angle is required, a simple square sheet of paper can be used as a marking template. It must be folded strictly diagonally, then wrap the template with a pipe. In doing so, care must be taken to ensure that the side of the sheet that is closer to the end of the pipe is perpendicular to its central axis. Next, using a marking material, a series of dashed lines are applied and after the marking is performed around the entire circumference the template can be removed.

If it is necessary to cut the profile pipe, then it is advisable to produce a special template from the same pipe, but a larger cross-section. At the same time, use measuring devices only once. For marking, you will need to use a protractor or a construction square. After cutting off the template, the pipes to be cut can simply be inserted into it and marked. This approach will significantly save time and cut the profile pipe at 45 degrees will be convenient.

As for what to use when carrying out work, then it is worth choosing the most appropriate and familiar. It can be simple, and a Bulgarian with an established cutting disc.

Cutting at 90 degrees

When there is a need to cut at 90 degrees, the situation is even easier. In the case of cylindrical elements, the same sheet of paper as the tube wraps can be used as a template. It is important to ensure that the edge of the sheet is flat and coincides with the entire circumference. After marking, the cut element is fixed and cut.

The video shows the process of cutting the pipe at 90 degrees.

How to smoothly cut the profile pipe

Cutting the profile pipe can be approximately the same, but it will be easier to use a square. The device is applied alternately to each side, for which the cut element must be rotated and marking is applied. Then the pipe must be fixed and you can start work.

Any suitable tool can be used for sawing. If you cut a lot of pipes, it is advisable to make complete templates from scraps. In this case, the measuring and marking work will have to be done only once.

Cutting large diameter pipes

When it is necessary to cut a large diameter pipe, a number of special tools and tools can be used. This may be required if, for example, it is necessary to repair the pipeline.

• Bulgarian.  The use of the Bulgarian is justified from the point of view of the availability of the tool and comparative cheapness of the work. However, there is no need to count on greater productivity in this case, in addition, carrying out work in this way involves considerable risk.
• Roller machine. Such devices are also often called pipe cutters. In fact, such a device is the same bolgaruku, but more suitable for this type of work. The machine includes a special frame, where the cut-off element is fixed, as well as a holder with installed cutting rollers, which perform the direct work. It is important to understand that each machine should be purchased for specific tasks, that is, for the size of the pipes.
• Gas cutting.  This option is most often used when working with large diameters. Cutting is performed due to the action of a flame of high intensity, and the waste produced thereby is blown by the pressure of the gas. The method can be considered the most practical and effective.

There are other options for implementing the task, such as the use of plasma, hydroabrasive or laser cutting, but in private use they are practically not used.

How to cut a cast-iron pipe

If the pipe is made of cast iron, then it is necessary to cut it evenly with a certain knowledge. The fact is that this material is characterized by high fragility, and therefore, before cutting such a pipe it is necessary to determine the algorithm of actions.

• We mark similarly to steel pipes.
• In the place of the sawing, it is necessary to lay a wooden beam as a support.
• Next, you need to cut a few millimeters along the entire circumference.
• After that, a chisel is inserted into the groove and a sharp and strong blow with a hammer should be applied.

As a result, it will split along the line, forming a fairly flat cut-off site, which can be further processed if necessary.

How to cut along

Another frequently asked question is how to smoothly cut a pipe bulgarian along. Here the algorithm of actions will be approximately the same as for cross-cutting. It is important to pay attention to marking. You can, for example, use a painting thread, which is usually used for marking walls. In this case, it is necessary to fix the pipe rigidly. The very process of sawing must be done carefully and without hurrying, as when sawing long elements there is a high probability of slipping off the cutting disc from the marking line.

How to cut thin-walled pipes

Thin-walled products are another type of pipe. They are usually made of non-ferrous metals, such as aluminum or copper. Cutting thin-walled pipes is more difficult, since the probability of deformation of the element is high. In this case, you can use any filler, like sifted sand. As a tool, you can use a Bulgarian, a hacksaw for metal or a special machine. It all depends on the specific situation.

Cutting metal pipes is a rather laborious, but quite feasible process. At the same time, the work with round pipes, in principle, does not differ from the cutting of the profile pipe. The main thing to remember is that when performing work, you must follow the safety rules.

When installing the pipeline, it is often necessary to cut the pipe under a certain slope. Accuracy plays an important role in this task. There are several simple ways, how to cut the pipe at an angle.

Incorrect cutting of the pipe will lead to the impossibility of mounting the structure of the form that was originally conceived. For example, if you plan to rotate the system by 45 degrees, you need to cut a pipe at 45 degrees. To complete the task, you will need the marking tools and the Bulgarian (you can replace it with a metal hacksaw).

  Corner marking with paper sheet

Layout paper sheet is one of the simplest ways to accomplish the task. A square sheet is needed. It folds exactly diagonally. The resulting pattern for cutting pipes must be wrapped around the product in such a way that the long side runs parallel to its section.

Then on the smaller side an angle of 45 degrees is formed. It remains to mark the line of the cut with a construction pencil or marker on a piece of paper.

  The method of marking with a container of water instead of a template

This method of marking is suitable for pipes of small diameter, which are planned to be cut at a certain angle close to the edge. First you need to prepare a deep container with water. It indicates the planned angle of inclination. Now you need to gently load the end of the product into the liquid, tilt it to the mark, and then pull it out.

As a result of such actions, a clear line of contact with water will appear on it, it must be distinguished. It cuts the pipe at an angle. This method is best suited for jobs where repeated marking is required.

  Using the program for the computer

To implement this method of marking pipes for cutting, you need a computer with special programs. First you need to draw a drawing, which shows the transverse dimensions of the product, as well as the planned angle of the cut. You need to get a virtual template.

Print it on the printer. And then you need to understand that the larger the diameter of the tube, the more sheets you will need to print it. Then you need to carefully cut out the details of the drawing from all pages and glue, it is best to use for this office scotch tape. It remains to apply the template to the pipe and apply the markup.

This method of solving the problem is highly accurate. All the necessary programs can be downloaded on the Internet, they are free to download and use. In the same place it will be possible to find a pattern for cutting pipes at an angle. It remains just to print and cut it. To perform the marking, the curve simply wraps around the pipe.

  How to cut a profile pipe at an angle

The marking of the profile pipe differs from the round one. Its manual execution can lead to a significant error. The best way  The solution to the problem is to create a template for cutting from the same profile, but larger in diameter.

It will take a small section of the profile pipe. On it, using a protractor, mark the angle of 45 degrees. Now with the help of the grinder it is necessary to cut a part of the workpiece along the marked line. Cut edges need to be ground, to eliminate defects. It only remains to insert the original product into the template for cutting the pipes at an angle. Then you need to mark up the cut line of the larger profile. And already on it the pipe is cut.

The text describes ways how to cut a pipe at an angle of 45 degrees. When the markup is already completed, it is recommended to use the Bulgarian. With its help it will be possible to perform a smooth cut. It can be replaced with a hacksaw for metal. Another cut of the product will be welding, but you need experience in handling the tool, otherwise there will be unevenness.

Now in construction shops you can find special tools for cutting pipes. But it's easier and cheaper to make a template yourself.