Connecting the wires in the light switch. How to connect the double switches correctly? Scheme and instruction


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Dear visitors!!!

With such a household question: "how to connect the light switch yourself", we come across almost everywhere:

  • at home;
  • in the country;
  • in the garage;
  • at work;
  • from their friends.

The circuit itself is connected to a light switch, - no difficulty at all.

Wiring diagram of the light switch

The circuit in Fig. 1 shows the connection of a light switch with a single key. The phase and neutral wires are connected to single-pole machines or to the RCD \\ protective circuit breaker \\ and then go to the junction box. The phase wire is connected in series with the light switch, from the light switch, the wire is connected to the contact of the electric lamp holder or lamp. The neutral wire from the junction box is connected to the second contact of the electric lamp holder.

fig.1

Connection-in the switchbox

The photograph shows the method of connecting the wires in a junction box with a wire connection:

  • with an external source of electrical energy;
  • with a light switch;
  • with electrical outlets;
  • with lighting \\ chandelier \\.

Connecting a chandelier with earthing

The circuit in Fig. 2 shows the method of connecting the luminaire with a switch. The circuit represents the same connection, using a ground wire connected to the housing of the luminaire.

Connecting a chandelier with 3 lamps

The circuit in Fig. 3 shows the method of connecting the light switch to one key, - with the connection of three lamps or three luminaires. Connection of lamps or lamps in an electrical circuit is parallel.


Scheme for connecting the socket and switch

The schematic image \\ Fig. 4 \\ of the connection of the light switch shows the order of the connection of the wires coming from:

  1. electric meter;
  2. two single-pole automata;
  3. connection of wires coming from single-pole machines, - in the junction box;
  4. from the junction box, the wiring is connected to the load \\ of the luminaire with a switch, a socket.


The ground wire is connected to the grounding bus, from the grounding bus, the ground wire has a connection in the junction box and from the junction box the ground wire is connected to the electrical outlet and the metal housing of the luminaire.

Correct connection of the switch

The electrical circuit in Fig. 5 clearly indicates the wrong connection of the light switch with the electric lamp.

At first glance it seems to be invisible. It is necessary to take into account here that the light switches have a serial connection only on the phase conductor.

Light switches can be used both for external connection - overhead switches, and for connection with internal installation - internal switches installed in the wall box.

It must also be taken into account that each type of circuit breaker has its purpose, if you allow lighting in a garage unheated room in winter time, you should purchase this light switch first by consulting a seller-consultant.

On sale there are also light switches with backlighting - the design of this type of circuit breaker is convenient in that it is easy to detect a button of the switch at night, which has a backlight in the form of a diode lamp, which has the same serial connection as the switch itself.


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Hello dear readers of the site. The idea of ​​this article was suggested by Denis Zh, for which he thanked you a lot.

People who are not very versed in electricity are faced with the problem of self-connecting ordinary incandescent bulbs with three or more pieces, and there are situations when it is necessary to add your own to the existing wiring.

For example, you bought a kitchen set or a closet closet, and of course it's all backlit. Repair in the apartment is made, and wires for connecting bulbs nebyli are provided, hence the question arises how to nevertheless make the highlight without violating the integrity of the walls and wallpaper. You can always find an exit.

And so, let's go.
Suppose you have an outlet in the kitchen or in the hallway, from which you can take the supply voltage of 220V. There are two ways to do this.

The first is the simplest, this is when the whole circuit is plugged into the outlet via a regular plug. Here everything is simple, the plug is inserted and forgotten about it, but you turn it on and off with an ordinary switch.
  The second way is different only in that you need to open the outlet and wire directly to its terminals.

Do all work only with the power supply disconnected 220V.

The figure below shows the wiring diagram for the parallel connection of three incandescent lamps with a single switch, and also connect LED and energy saving lamps rated for 220V. For a more comfortable perception, I tried to depict all the elements of the scheme in a way that would appear in reality.

Here, from the outlet to the switch, a two-wire wire leaves, where the phase ( L) is connected to the lower contact of the switch and is constantly on it, and the zero conductor N) bypassing the switch, is connected at the point ( 1 ) with the wire going to the lamp.
When the key switch is turned on, the phase ( L) from the top contact, already as ( L1), goes to the bulbs, and they light up.

The disadvantage of this method of wiring is that it is obtained from the outside. Here you have to think how to hide it or disguise it, and accordingly the switch will have to use a waybill, you can also install it normally, but then you need to hollow out a hole for it.

The following figure shows the same circuit, but here all the lamps are connected at one point. This is also the most parallel connection, it is sometimes easy to assemble the circuit in this way, just in this way the lamps are connected in chandeliers.


Now consider the circuit where a two-key switch is used.
Here, up to the switch, there is a normal two-wire wire, but after it goes triple. It can be seen that in the middle there is a zero vein ( N), which is common for all lamps, and around the edges are phase ( L1  and L2).

The circuit works as follows: by pressing, for example, the left key of the switch, the phase ( L) coming to the lower contact of the switch, already with its top contact as ( L1) goes to the lamp HL1  and HL4  - they light up. Why exactly HL1  and HL4, because only they are connected to the phase ( L1). I think it's understandable.


Now, if you turn on the right key, the phase ( L), already as ( L2), with another upper contact, comes on the lamp HL2  and HL3, and now they are lit up. As you can see, everything is simple.

Now in a fashion the point fixtures in which lamps are used, both with usual 220В, and with the lowered 12V voltage of a food have entered. As a rule, there is a special converter for them, which feeds these lamps. In addition to providing a stabilized voltage to the lamps, it also provides a power delay of 1 to 2 seconds. Those. when switched on, the voltage does not immediately, but gradually, with increasing energy is supplied to the lamps, thereby protecting the spiral from rapid wear, and hence the bulbs will last longer.

Let's consider such a scheme.
The design of the converter, as well as its input and output parts, I showed conditionally, since they will differ depending on the manufacturer, but the principle of operation of such converters remains the same.
  Power 220V on it is fed through a switch, and already from the output a stabilized voltage of 220V or 12V is taken.


If you want to install a double switch, you will need to add another converter to the circuit, which must be powered from the second key, zero ( N) they remain common.

You can do with only one converter, but there is a significant drawback, because of which this option, perhaps, not everyone will be acceptable. Here, a double switch is connected to the output voltage of the converter, and the converter itself remains permanently on, which is not very good.

Do not forget that each converter is designed for a certain power, so do not get too carried away with the number of lamps.

Now you should not have problems connecting three or more lamps.
  My new article on the connection was released. I recommend.
  Good luck!

How to connect a light bulb?







In order to connect a light bulb to the switch, it is not necessary to invite the electrician. The connection scheme is quite simple, so you can do it yourself at home. This may not save time, and you will have to tinker with work, but you will be able to save money that you would have to pay for calling a master at home, for installing switches, postings, etc.

Just once you have familiarized yourself with the procedure of connecting the switch to the light bulb and having done it yourself, you can continue to do these procedures in other places in your apartment, which, again, will save your money.

What you need to connect

Knowledge. Of course, if you have never worked with an electrician, and do not understand it at all, then for your safety, contact a more knowledgeable person or specialist. And in that case, do not be confused by the question of money, because the master will install everything correctly and safely.

So, if you still conducted previous operations with wiring and electrical engineering, then to connect the light bulb you need the following tools and elements of the system:

  • A light bulb;
  • switch to which we will connect it;
  • lamp holder;
  • a cable consisting of two wires of the required length;
  • tools for installation.

We connect a light bulb to the switch

  1. Mark the places where the corresponding elements will be placed. The switch in standard situations is installed at an altitude of about 80-90 cm, but if it looks unaesthetic, or if the arrangement of furniture in your apartment is such that this height does not fit in any way, then install it just like you placed your switches.
  2. Mark or think about how the wires go to your switch.
  3. Further, if you want everything to look beautiful and there are no wires sticking out everywhere, it will be necessary to make special furrows in the wall under the wiring - strobes. After the wires are laid, all the places are simply covered with wallpaper or other cosmetic means. There is also a variant of external wiring when the wires are placed in special trays, or, if you are not confused by the wires, you can simply fix them with special clips (if, for example, the wiring passes behind a cabinet or sofa).
  4. Now it is necessary to lay the wiring itself. Take the two-wire cable and thread it into the furrows. Do not be greedy, cut the wires with a good margin, because long wires can always be shortened, and short lengthens are already heavier.
  5. Now you need to connect the switch. To him from the light bulb will pass 2 wires - neutral and phase. Switch the switch to phase. Neutral wire will pass from the distributor directly to the light bulb.
  6. Find out which wire is the phase and which zero (neutral). It is necessary to reset the voltage from the outlet - turn off all electricity. Check with a special device if the voltage is off.
  7. Study the circuit diagram of the breaker device. Notice that there are two contact screws in the mechanism - one of them leading the current to the switch, and the other - leaving on your lamp (the signs can be viewed from the back of the switch).
  8. Strip the wires and insert the stripped part between the contact plates. Then tighten the screw and secure the wire. Be sure to check the fixation of the wires. It happens that the wires are pulled out of the terminals or burned out. This occurs as a result of incorrect fixation of the wires.
  9. Do the same operation with the second wire, which draws the current to the light bulb.
  10. Check the locking of the switch and the way the switch bolts (spacers) are tightened securely.
  11. Set the protective frame on the switch and on / off button.
  12. Now you can turn on the electricity and check the operation of the switch.

Now you know how to connect a light bulb to the switch. About connecting other devices you can read in the articles.

Before starting any work related to the installation or connection of a two-switch switch, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the basic features of its device. The appearance of the device is standard and familiar to users: 2 buttons in a plastic frame.

Much more complicated is the internal arrangement of the mechanism, it is described below:

  1. For a visual study and understanding of the device of a double switch, it is recommended to remove all plastic parts. The buttons can be removed slightly by using a screwdriver or similar tool. On some modern models, special holes are provided, which make it easy to disassemble the device. To fix the frame, screws or snap-on mechanisms are used, so removing it is also not difficult.
  2. The first, which is supplied with electric current, has a connection with 2 conductors and contacts, they are necessary for the realization of the processes of closing and opening the keys of the device.
  3. The contacts have a connection to the output terminals, to which the wires are connected, which ensure the interaction of the double switch and the light source.
  4. The device of any switch must include special mechanisms, equipped with self-clamping terminals, they are necessary for connecting the wires.
  5. Some modern models have screw clamps, consisting of a special pad, replacing the terminals. It also inserts a stripped wire, but the fixing process is carried out using screwed screws.

As you can see, the double switch has a very similar internal device with a classic single-key version. To put it more simply, the mechanism at hand is essentially a two-fold mechanism.

Connection diagram and features


wiring diagram

Due to the great similarity with the single-key variety, the connection scheme does not differ in principle.

The process itself will look like this:

  1. Originally, it is necessary to study the location and purpose of the contacts, sometimes additional information on this is available on the back of the device. However, if it is not available, then it will be easy to understand: the contacts with the output in this variety should be 2 and traditionally they are located on the opposite side of the single input.
  2. To the introductory contact  the phase from the distributor is connected, and the contacts with the terminals are used to control the light sources, their number is equal to the number of keys, in this case there will be 2 of them.
  3. It is desirable to connect the switch in this way, so that the central contact is located at the bottom.
  4. It is necessary to connect 3 neutral wires:  from the distributor and from each of the light sources.
  5. Phase wire, leaving the distributor, is connected to a single input contact in the switch.
  6. The switch has 2 phase conductors, each of them is connected with a similar conductor, coming from the lamp.
  7. Inside the distributor, these phase conductors must be connected to groups of lamps or separate sources of illumination, which are planned to be controlled. After this, both conductors will be the switched phases of the two groups of lamps.
  8. In the distributor It is necessary to identify a neutral wire that connects to a similar conductor that travels to the light sources. The mechanism can only switch phases of different device groups.
  9. After all connections are completed, it is possible to proceed with soldering and twisting with an insulating layer, but before that it is recommended to check all the perfect connections.


The process of connecting a double switch has a number of different nuances, the main features are:

  1. Installation of a double version of the switch  should be made exclusively in the diagonal of which is 67 mm. It not only perfectly fits the dimensions of the device, but also provides a wide range of different types of installation. The old sample pads have a diagonal of 70 mm, since the older devices were larger, and do not fit well with modern models. In addition, in former times they were made of metal, not plastic.
  2. Wire preparation  depends not only on the type of the switch, but also on the version of the luminaire. This process is carried out in the factory, so if their location does not suit, you will have to dismantle the device to change these parameters.
  3. Inside the installation box  Traditionally, there are 3 conductors, the recommended length for them should not exceed 10 cm.
  4. Some modern models  double switches belong to the module type, that is, they actually consist of 2 single devices. In this case, it will be necessary to supply power to each part of the mechanism, this is done by means of a jumper, which can be made independently from an ordinary wire. With its help, both mechanisms are connected.

Necessary tools and materials

To start the connection of the circuit breaker, it is necessary to ensure the availability of the following tools and materials:

  1. Screwdriver Set.  Tools can be useful with both a cross and straight working part.
  2. Screwdriver with phase indicator, which can be replaced by a multimeter if necessary.
  3. Special pliers, allowing snacks of wires.
  4. Combination pliers.
  5. Roll of insulation tape.
  6. Pads, in which the conductors are clamped with bolts.
  7. Insulating clamps  any type.
  8. Knife with a sharp blade, which is required to clean the ends of the conductors before connecting them to the terminals or pads.

Step-by-step installation instructions


After all the wires have been connected to the terminals of the respective modules and the connection process is behind, you can proceed to the final stage - the installation of the switch.

To implement this process, you must follow the algorithm below:

  1. Place the connected mechanism in a special installation box.  This should be done carefully and carefully, all bulging wires need to be bent near the body.
  2. The device is fixed and fixed to the marked level.  A reliable fixation is realized by means of a fastening mechanism, which is part of the installation box. Also, you can use special clamps located on the body of the mechanism, they are two locking bolts.
  3. If a modular version is installed, then it is placed in a special caliper designed for this purpose. Its fastening is carried out by means of twisting bolts, after the mechanism will be inserted into the box.
  4. To the mechanism inserted into the surface of the wall  a plastic frame is attached, this process usually does not cause complications, since it always has special latches or other devices that ensure the reliability of the fasteners.
  5. In the frame, the keys are inserted.
  6. After resuming electricity supply, the system can be tested. If there is an on or off light in the room after pressing the keys, then everything was done correctly.

Safety precautions


First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the following main provisions for safety:

  1. Before carrying out any work, without fail it is necessary to disconnect the voltage in the switchboard. After that, you need to make sure that all the wires have really been de-energized and only after that start the workflow.
  2. Absence of instructions or symbols on the mechanism  can cause the need for testing conductors. Previously, they need to be opened, otherwise there is too much risk of their accidental contact.
  3. Testing of conductors  It will not work if they are not energized. However, after this process is completely completed, it is important not to forget to de-energize the network again.

Always before starting the repair work in the room to transfer the switching points of the luminaires, it is necessary to think in advance of the location of their installation. The installation of circuit breakers and sockets must be accompanied by the observance of the rules of safe operation. If the room was in operation, it must be de-energized, wire installation should be carried out according to the approved scheme.

The solution of many issues in the premises being repaired is the connection of the switching device (switch) of the chandelier or other electrical device from the outlet. In the process of repair, this method will save on the wires, at the time of the work, do not need to do additional shtrob.

Mounting Features

Carrying out repair work on installing additional lighting in the room in order to save the work load (it is not necessary to perform wall shrouding), it is necessary to know that there are lighting circuitry for laying the wires, which answer the question of how to connect the switch from the socket, but also to In this case, all the works have their own subtleties.

In the process of repair, two-wire or three-wire electrical wires are used, in which one conductor goes on a phase, another zero, if there are three veins, then the third one also has a ground connection.

What material and tool is needed for the work?

To carry out work on installing additional lighting in the room, you must have the following tools and supplies:

  • a device that can be used to de-energize an electrical circuit;
  • electrical wiring of the same cross section and execution (aluminum or copper conductor), which is in the whole room, house or apartment;
  • junction boxes in which we make the connection;
  • screwdriver with an indicator, indicates the presence of a phase or its absence;
  • pliers and side cutters, with which the connection will be conducted;
  • tape for closing the surface of twists;
  • fasteners and material for work on a wooden surface (corrugated or metal strip);
  • for installation of switches - podrozetniki;
  • if you need to perform a rod, you need a puncher.


Set of tools

In addition to preparing the tool and the material you need in your work, you must first draw a diagram of the electrical connection of the switch and determine where it will stand, as well as calculate the cross-section of the conductors for additional load.

How to choose an electric wire?

  1. You need to know what power a luminaire will be connected via a switch. Using the formula: power = current × voltage, you can find the value of the rated current, in a single-phase network, the voltage is assumed to be 220 volts.
  2. Knowing the value of the rated current, a wire of the desired cross-section can be selected from the table.


How to choose the right switch?

In order to correctly select a switch, it must be understood that its structure includes a current collector and an electric circuit breaker. The industry offers the following types of such devices:






All switching devices have the same principle of connecting the electrical conductors, but they can have different attachments to them, some products require a special tool or a Phillips screwdriver.

Scheme of switching on the breaker through the socket

In order to connect the circuit breaker using an outlet, a standard switching circuit is used. Important! Always in the breaker there is a break of the phase conductor, and zero goes directly to the light source:

  1. A junction box is installed in which a wire is generated from an existing power outlet (the room must be de-energized beforehand), the wires leading to the switch, and the wire from the luminaire.
  2. One wire from the source of electricity consumption is connected to zero, the phase must be put on the switch; if it goes through the junction box, then it is connected to the residential from the switch.

In the diagram shown, the phase conductor goes from the bulb directly to the breaker when it is in the "on" position, there is a consumption of electricity when in the "off" position - the load does not receive electricity.

How to choose the wire cross section?

Often, the electrical connection of the power source, for example, the sconce from the outlet, occurs to install additional lighting, in our case it can be one or several sconces, for this reason the current has a low value and it is possible to choose the wires of the desired cross section, but there are nuances:

  • for safety and PUE requirements, a wire with a copper core of less than one square millimeter can not be used for this purpose;
  • and the wire with an aluminum core is not less than two and a half square millimeters.

When choosing a wire, it is necessary to take into account how it is laid, so there are certain conditions for an open laying:

  • for a copper conductor of a wire the minimum section - 1,5 square millimeters;
  • the minimum value of the aluminum core is 4.0 square millimeters.

To lay the wire along the outer wall of a house or building, the following requirements:

  • for wires with copper cores - 2.5 square millimeters;
  • for aluminum wire veins - 4.0 square millimeters.

How to connect the light source independently from the switch?

One of the easiest ways, according to experts, is to turn the sconce into a circuit through a switch powered from the socket using a zero and a phase wire, especially when it's close to the switch.

To perform this work, you need to do the following:

  1. Perform installation work to install the light source and switch, then carry out the steps to connect them.
  2. From the outlet, from which we will connect our voltage breaker, we remove by means of an automaton in the shield voltage (usually wiring is carried out by consumption groups), we check with a "probe" for the absence of phase.


  1. We open the socket; in case the work on its connection is made with copper wire with a color difference, then:
  • zero - blue wire;
  • grounding - the second wire with a double color (yellow-green);
  • phase - the third wire, it can be brown.

If there is no color difference and the connection is made with an aluminum wire, it is necessary to apply a voltage to the outlet for a short time and to determine the phase of the conductive wire by the "probe".

  1. To the phase of the socket we connect the wire from the switch (to its input), which is already connected to the breaker, and to the output from the switch.
  2. When you do not know how, the solution is the same, but from the output of the interrupt device of an electrical circuit, each phase wire goes to its own light source, or to a chandelier for its electricity consumption lamps.
  3. To the zero conductor of the outlet we connect the neutral wire of the switch to the light bulb, if there is a ground wire in the socket, it is connected to the grounding wire from the light source.
  4. After that, the wiring and isolation of all connections are carried out, as well as the test of the assembled circuit.

How to connect a socket-switch, which is assembled in a single package?

When there is an outlet in the bedroom or in another area of ​​the room and you want to install a wall or floor lamp, you can use a socket-switch device that is assembled in a single housing, this is done as follows:

  • the socket has a regular connection, phase and zero, in new buildings, the European sockets are connected to the grounding wire;
  • the phase is fed to the input of the breaker (switch), and from its output the wire goes to the lamp;
  • two other wires (this is the neutral wire and ground), the connection is made directly to the luminaire.

It is necessary to understand that it is impossible to make a reverse connection, in other words, to connect the socket from the switch, it can receive electricity only from the machine in the shield of the house or apartment.

Conclusion

All circuits for connecting the circuit interrupter (switch) do not have a complex solution, but compliance with electrical safety rules is required. Experts recommend that all work be planned and carried out in stages, after the installation work, you can check the correctness of the assembled circuit, then apply voltage and check the circuit in operation.