Improve self-cultivation of the burzhuyka. Recommendations for the placement and use of a self-made stove. Bourzhuyka from the gas cylinder.

In the most unforeseen situations, the stove-furnace always came to the rescue. And to this day, she is a reliable assistant for owners of cottages, garages and even small apartment buildings.

Time does not stand still, everything changes - and now the designers got to the burzhuyki. Her updated look can harmoniously fit and even embellish themselves with a room in an elite mansion.

We are more concerned with the question is not aesthetic, but practical: how to make a stove-burger yourself, what is required for this? This article will help those who are planning to make this kind of useful heating device on their own.

Furnace-burzhuyka - a fairly common form of heating equipment. It is valued for a number of positive moments:

With all the positive properties of a burger, like any equipment, has some disadvantages:

1. requires protection from the combustion elements that drop out from the furnace, for example, coals, sparks.
2. Compliance with safety rules when working with the stove. There is a risk of getting burns from the strongly and rapidly warming walls of the structure.
3. Significant fuel consumption during operation. The best option   - use of the fuel cell for heating for a short time.

Varieties of burzhujki

There are many variations of the furnace structure of the burzhuyka type. Therefore, it is not difficult to choose exactly the model that ideally fits a certain room: it will have a set of relevant technical parameters, and also satisfy its appearance. For the manufacture of burzhuyki take any improvised material, whether it is a metal tank or a pipe of medium diameter, a barrel, an old gas cylinder, sheets of iron, the thickness of which is not less than 3 mm. The main thing is that the material should be strong, with reliable walls.

As for the heating of the garage, it is suitable for any version of the burzhuyki, in a residential building - some models will be inappropriate.

We offer you to consider several types of stove-burzhujki, their features, methods self-made. So, you can make the right choice in favor of the model you like.

Model No. 1 - waste oil burner

Just want to note that this design is not suitable for operation in a residential area, where people are constantly. Why? The fact is that during the work, during the burning of oil extraction a specific aroma is allocated, and the arrangement of a good extract will not help either.

Materials

To create such an option, you need the following types of material:

1. sheet metal, several pieces, 5 mm thick. Of them we will do all the details, preparations.
2. Pipes for the performance of some structural elements.
3. Pipe under the chimney.

Process of creation

In the below drawing of the burger, all necessary details are presented, indicating their dimensions.

So, we will divide all the work on creating a burzhuy using processing as a raw material for successive steps:

• On the sheet metal mark out all the necessary parts, and then cut them using a grinder. The obtained blanks need to clean the edges well.
• We take a pipe of the required length, and drill round holes in it. Later on, this tube will connect the upper and lower capacities of the stove.
• We take the upper tank and cut the hole of the required size from above. This opening will be located not in the center, but will shift to the left of it. We prepare this hole for the chimney.
    On the lower side, cut the opening, moving it to the right. It will serve as an entrance for the connecting pipe.
• We weld two circles to the part of the pipe, along which the thickness of the upper container is determined.
• Similarly, we will do with the lower part of the stove. But now the opening for the incoming connecting pipe is cut in the center of the container. In addition, you need to cut another hole - the throat, through which we will fill the furnace with fuel. On this hole, there is a sliding cover.
• FROM reverse side   the bottom tank is welded with 3-4 legs. This will ensure sustainability.
• To give the rigidity of the structure, to strengthen it, we connect the two tanks together with metal brackets.
• The main working moments are over, it's time to think about beauty. Welded seams carefully cleaned, after which we paint the stove using heat-resistant paint. The stain of the furnace will also protect it from premature rusting.
• The last step is the installation of a chimney.

Principle of operation

The work of this type of burzhuyki can be described as follows: pour the waste oil in the lower capacity through the neck. Further, using a ray or paper, set fire to the fuel through the opening. As soon as the oil material is inflamed in the tank, close the opening with a sliding lid.

The combustion process is enhanced by the air entering the connecting pipe through the holes made. The air is warmed and rises through the pipe to the upper part of the structure, while the surface of the tank is heated so that it is easy to warm the kettle on it. A big plus of this model is that there will be no unpleasant situations with lack of fuel, since motorists in the garage always have waste oil.

Why you can not extinguish boiling oil, fat, paraffin with water. If you use the stove during working, then there must be a fire extinguisher and sand.

Model No. 2 - furnace-burzhujka from a metal barrel or a pipe

For this design, a metal barrel or pipe, with a certain diameter, is taken. An excellent option for a house in the country, and if you still beautifully build, ennoble, it will be good to look and in a residential room, while also perfectly heating.

Step-by-step execution instruction:

1. We take a container for the stove and mark out two rectangles. This will be the inputs for the furnace and ash pan. Cut out these holes.
2. Cut rectangles are not discarded, since they serve as a material for doors. To do this, each door is brought to the required size, for which it is framed by strips of metal. Next, install the handle-heck.
3. Inside the container (barrels, pipes), after stepping 10 cm down from the furnace door, we attach the corner brackets. We will then put a grate on them.
4. The grate can be bought ready, and you can do it yourself, welding it from reinforcing bars.
5. If the pipe was taken as the base, then now it should be welded its bottom and upper part.
6. To give stability, raise above the floor to the bottom of the tank, we weld several legs.
7. In the upper part of the tank prepare the opening for the chimney, where it is then welded.
8. We fix the hinges and hang the doors on them. We mark and fix the hook under the lock.
9. The appearance plays an important role, so it is necessary to clean the surface, the seams. Covering the stove with paint, heat resistant, will allow our design to compete with the factory model.
10. When the oven structure is completely assembled, it is necessary to connect it to the chimney, which is led outward, to the street.

This type of gas turbine - a good option for heating the room, provided sufficient space, as the oven is quite large. But another plus of it - a roomy upper panel on which you can install both a kettle and a frying pan.

Model No. 3 - a gas cylinder from a gas cylinder

The gas cylinder has an almost perfect, ready-made form for the furnace structure. Furnace-burzhujka from a cylinder is well approaches for heating of garage and a country small house.

Consider how you can build a furnace from a cylinder:

• To begin with, we cut off the upper part of the balloon where the crane was, and weld a plug here.
• Next, at the bottom of the cylinder, cut out a square opening. This will be the entrance to the furnace. We will not discard the cut off part, since we will make a door of it. You just need to brew this part, bringing it to the right size.
• We weld the hinges, install the door, attach the handle-lock to it.
• On the side of the cylinder, which will become the bottom of the structure, we make holes. They will take on the function of the grate.
• Prepare the box, carrying it out of a metal of lesser thickness, and fix it under the holes - the grate. The box will play the role of an ash pan, into which the remains of combustion products enter, and also simultaneously act as a blower. On the ashtray you need to attach the door.
• For the oven structure, it remains to make the legs. To do this, use a pipe or a metal corner. With the help of welding we will fix them to the bottom of the fuel tank.
• In the upper part, on the opposite side of the furnace, the ash pan is cut through the opening and welds the chimney.
• If desired, a cooking panel can be built on the upper plane of the stove. This is done simply - a welded steel frame is welded. Such a panel is quite capacious, you can put two things at the same time.

Model No. 4 is a rectangular barrel

According to many experts, this species is considered to be the most optimal, aesthetic, compact of all of the previously listed models of burzhuek. This design is perfectly suitable for heating the living quarters.

A rectangular barge can be made in two variations:

Main purpose

The main task of a rectangular-type burger is the heating of a room, measuring up to 15 square meters. m. The usual burzhuyka is characterized by rapid heat emission, but it cools down very quickly as soon as the firewood is burned. This minus can be partially eliminated if the oven is bricked. But this is an absence, since the bricks will significantly slow the rate of heat transfer, and thermal energy   will be kept only for a short time.

Modernization of the furnace device

The changes introduced in the construction of the turbojet, a different method of supplying fuel, have improved the operational properties. At the same time, its main positive characteristics were preserved: rapid heat transfer, small dimensions, ease of installation, arrangement, without additional construction of a foundation, the creation of a capital pipe.

What did they do for this? In the fuel tank, its upper part, welded 2 plates, which form a labyrinth. Thus, the path of gases was increased, and, therefore, they leave more heat in the furnace. Due to the expansion of metal surfaces, heat exchange between the gases and walls of the vessel has become more effective.

Improved and fire protection components of this model: its the chimney does not heat up, but while remaining hot. Correct arrangement of the tube head will provide sufficient traction. In this case, the headpiece is placed so as to exclude the presence in the zone of increased pressure, whatever the wind. Therefore, it is better to install it higher than the ridge of the roof.

Since there is a reserve of thrust due to the temperature of the furnace gases, it is possible to install several additional plates in the furnace, labyrinths. This will greatly improve the efficiency of the stove operation.
  Another feature of this stove - the most dense position of the doors on the body of the fuel tank. This is possible due to the implementation of quality straightening and stripping of doors on emery. In this case, the handles for the doors are made in the form of wedges. They are not easy to handle, but also the latch, which go into the hooks.

Operation of the furnace

The process of using, operating the furnace is as follows: work begins with heating the furnace with chips, lumps. When there is no draft, the lid is removed from the cooking opening, and the burning paper is placed under the pipe, and the lid is put back in place. To regulate the combustion process, you can by fully or partially opening the ash door.

When the required air temperature in the room is reached, you need to put four not very thick logs in the stove on the coals, 40 cm in length and then close the doors well. The lack of oxygen leads to a decrease in the intensity of combustion, which turns into decay. Humidity, size, wood species affect the process of decay, which can last several hours. And all this time the stove will give heat to the environment.

In a warmed house, without cracks, even on cold days with a negative temperature you can easily spend the night with such an oven for heating.

Concerning risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. This is excluded. The carbon formed during combustion is much lighter than air and furnace gases, so it stretches out, swims through chimney. Moreover, the combustion process is regulated by means of doors, not views. Even if the doors are bare, you are only threatened with rapid fuel burn-out.

Preparation method

At once we will notice, that the sizes can take the, proceeding from available material. We used a sheet of steel 200x450 mm. The thickness of it was 3 mm.

To assemble such a burzhuyku, you can perform the following operations:

1. weld between the walls of the structure.
2. To weld up the lid.
3. To expose the maze plates, grate grate, attach them using welding. In order to maintain the distance between the plates and the grid, arrange the wooden bars between them. They do not need to be specially cleaned afterwards - they burn themselves during the fire. Some recommend to make a grate for the grate not from twigs, but to use for this purpose a sheet on which holes are made, 20 mm in diameter.
4. Make a bottom for the stove.
5. Mount the chimney pipe. It is better to take a steel pipe, with thick walls. Important point: the pipe must be all-welded on the entire site of the house. If the pipe is straight, then - it's easy. When it is necessary to remove the pipe to the street through the wall, it is recommended to make a pattern of wire and weld the pipe and turns on it. Outside the house, outside, the pipe can be built up by simply putting one piece of pipe on the other.

Why should the pipe be integral in the room, because in the pipe under the influence of furnace gases there is a badly smelling condensate. It is it, seeping through loose connections, spreads a specific smell.

Fire Safety Rules

To increase the safety of operation the furnace is installed on a refractory material, for example, bricks, a slab of asbestos cement. To protect from falling coal, sparks, the floor near the doors are covered with a metal sheet or laid with tiles.

To protect the walls, pieces of furniture and other things from ignition, on the walls of the burzhujki attach protective screens, made of asbestos cement sheets. In this case, it is possible not to coat the boiler surfaces with a heat-resistant material. The screens are attached to threaded studs or bolts with bushings.

Although the pipe is not as hot as in the other models, it is still worthwhile to pass through the wall using a cut. Cutting involves finding a pipe in it, with a distance of 20 cm. At the same time, the empty space is filled with a mixture of asbestos and liquid clay.

That's like all the rules, the implementation of which will ensure safe operation.

But what happens if a hot beer or a different canister is thrown into a red-hot oven? The experiment was conducted by the Germans.

Results - The most effective burzhuyka

The most effective burzhujka which it is possible to make with own hands we have considered. Unfortunately, there is no clear leader among them. Under each conditions suits its own option.

But still the most efficient burzhuykoy can be called a stove for working.   In it, the maximum efficiency, because there is an effect of pyrolysis (burning of gases).

In the second place there is a rectangular burzhuyka with an internal labyrinth of gases.   This also helps to increase the efficiency.

It should be noted that each of the furnaces has a great potential for improvements and improvements. On the Internet there are a lot of different options, how to increase the efficiency of a burger. From the direction of the fan to it, before creating a water circuit. We will highlight this point in a separate article.

Conclusion

Each stove has its pros and cons. Each is suitable for certain conditions. But it can serve you for a long time, helping in many household matters, and not just in heating the room. To do this, you just need to think carefully, choose the model that is right for your room.

But if you do not have enough skills, then you can always buy a stove. At a local forum in your area there is always a craftsman with ready-made products or ready to make an oven on order.

The device of the turbo charger is quite simple. When the combustible material is burned in a confined space with air inflow and smoke removal, the walls heat up and heat the room. The simplest furnace must have three elements:

• furnace chamber;
• door with air channels for fresh air;

At the same time, to maximize the efficiency of the stove, you need to follow many things:

• the ratio of the size of the structure
• possibility of regulating air inflow;
• complete burn-out of fuel, etc.

How to make a burzhuyu with their own hands, so much so that to take into account all the necessary moments for her most effective work? To maximize its performance, accurate thermal engineering calculations are required. You do not need to spend it, since the drawings include all the exact dimensions.

Main technical requirements

Burzhuyka - this is the name of the furnace, implying an accurate heat engineering calculation. Dimensions of the chimney in the burzhuyk directly depend on the size of the combustion chamber. If the pipe is too wide and pass all the accumulating gases, then in addition to the smoke through the pipe there will be leave and heat, as well as a large volume of completely not burnt materials, as a result of which the oven will not warm up.

The width of the pipe should be such as to create resistance. According to calculations, the number for the diameter of the chimney in millimeters should be exceed by 2.7 times   The number denoting the volume of the combustion chamber in liters. For example, if the volume of the chamber is 25 liters, the diameter of the chimney must be 65 millimeters.

How the fuel burns in the stove

Despite the grilles, through which ash falls to the bottom of the furnace is almost cooled, the heat to the bottom of the tank is still transmitted. Because of this, burzhujki usually put on legs sufficient height according to the drawings, and under the stove lay, most often asbestos, on top of which is laid a sheet of metal, exceeding by 35 centimeters the size of the oven along the perimeter, as in the video. Dispose of the burger at a distance not less than 1.2 meters   from the walls of the room.

The most dangerous part of the furnace is considered a chimney. It focuses on the hottest gases that can continue to burn, because of which the chimney is constantly hot, when assembling it, you need to check the drawings more often.

Additional modifications

At present, turbines can work on, whether it is solid, liquid or even gaseous. Depending on the type of fuel, the construction of the fuel cell adds grate grilles, blowers, etc. After watching the video you can see many of them, and after finding the drawings anyone interested. The furnace is capable of burning even coal. When adding the guides inside the furnace, the burglar can even be used as a plate for cooking.

If the bars are made as removable from the drawings, the furnace can have two combustion modes. It is possible to assemble a universal ash-tray with a detachable branch pipe, and in this case it will be possible to apply in one burzhuyk three different types of fuel   depending on the position of the blower and additional parts from different drawings.

Using burzhuek

When accounting for heat engineering and fire safety, there is nothing to limit the master in the creation of a burzhuiki of any kind and any shape. Many Canadian, Finnish and Swedish industrial manufacturers wondered how to do it attractive burzhuyku, and eventually produce similar furnaces in an amazing performance - with this design they can be placed in holiday homes as subject interior instead of a fireplace.

By the way, the fireplace in the assembly is more complicated, requires set of expenses, as well as the approval of the project drawing for the installation. When locating a turbine, no reconciliation is required, since they are not considered to be a stationary element. As you can see from the video, many masters heat their garages, dachas and workshops with the help of such stoves, and each self-made burger has its own scheme.

Varieties of efficient ovens

You can work for a burger. It lasts longer and better heat   in comparison with metal. The use of water can be limited only by imagination - you can simply to put on the top of the stove   a tank with water (and use it for domestic purposes), weld channels or pockets for water to the sides of the structure, completely wrap the oven and chimney around the perimeter with a metal tube and run water along it, as in video. The same tubes can be carried and around the perimeter of the room. For most options, drawings are already available.

Cast-iron cast gaskets

Such furnaces keep heat for a very long time and are able to work not only on wood, but also on everything that burns. Most often thick-walled burzhujki used by the military in campaigns. The design is considered the most reliable, it never burns out, thanks to its "omnivorousness"   it is very economical and indispensable for good space heating. But as a plate for boiling water it does not fit, and it is unlikely to be produced at home.

The longest burning

Engineer Bystrov created a design for prolonged combustion. Such burzhujki have the top loading, in it there is no grate. Such a furnace is often used in smokehouses, for drying walls, drying clothes workers. Combustion of sawdust to complete burn-up in the oven, assembled according to this scheme, can last for 19 hours. Just enough long burning can be obtained when use of firewood as fuel.

The main difference between the stove on firewood is that they can work in two modes, which can be viewed on video. If the room needs to be heated quickly, it is necessary to push the ash pan a few centimeters, having opened the gate completely. The second mode is used to save the temperature indicator in the house or at the dacha in one place at long burning of fuel. In this mode, wood will burn much slower, use very little oxygen and give more heat than with a conventional furnace furnace.

Such indicators are achieved when loading a larger volume of firewood and blocking the supply of oxygen (the damper and ash-tray are closed). In these conditions, wood will not burn - they will smolder, and not all at once, and their small part. The rest will only heat up, due to which a combustible gas is formed, which will subsequently burn and provide a warm room.

A small cottage, a garage or a workshop can be heated with a small compact metal furnace called a burzhuyka. It can be made as from an old steel pipe, a gas cylinder, a barrel and even an old jar, and weld out of sheets of metal. Most importantly, the metal for making such a furnace was not too thin.

Burzhuyka from a gas cylinder, an old jar, barrels and a furnace operating on spent fuel

Materials and Tools

To create a burzhuyki need:
  metal thickness of 3 ± 0.5 mm: more thin sheets quickly burn out, in addition, under the influence of high temperature they can lead, and the oven will become formless; The thick-walled metal will be heated for a very long time;
  chimney pipe;
  rods 16 mm;
  a sheet of metal with a thickness of 0.3 mm for the device of a box for collecting ash;
  roulette, ruler, chalk;
welding machine 140-200A;
  a Bulgarian for cutting metal; for making round holes it is more convenient to use a gas cutter;
  metal brush for cleaning welding places;
  emery wheel for fitting doors;
  drill and drills.

Schemes of the bourgeois

The main advantage of a rectangular oven, in contrast to oval products made of pipes or gas cylinders, is a larger area of ​​the heated surface, so its efficiency will be much greater. The optimum size for the burzhuyki 800h450h450 mm. The oven of this size does not take up much space and can easily fit even in a small room.

The simplest design is the stove "Gnome", which consists of a box with a pipe welded to it

An important distinction furnaces of Loginova   is the presence of two plates ( reflectors) at the top of the furnace compartment. As path of gases   at the same time, the heat transfer of such a turbine is substantially higher than that of a conventional metal furnace.

Tip. If it is required to reduce the size of Loginov's oven, it is desirable to change only its width. When the length and height of a structure change, its efficiency can be significantly reduced.

Detailed diagram of the Lognova

The main stages of manufacturing the turbojet

1. On the sheet metal all the details are marked: 6 steel rectangles for the walls of the furnace, 1 rectangle for creating a smoke reflector, grate plates and a latch for the door.
2. Uncover   sheet metal can be on any metal warehouse. The guillotine, in contrast to the Bulgarian, allows you to cut (cut) it more accurately. In this case, straightening (aligning sheets) do not have to do.
3. The furnace body is made in the form of a rectangle. Their sides are joined together at an angle of 90 ° and welded together.

Welding box

4. To avoid mistakes, the oven box is first picked up by welding in several places, and only then, after checking its horizontal and vertical, its seams are cooked.

Important!   All connections in the body are thoroughly cooked; to check the seams   on tightness it is possible to cover joints with chalk or kerosene.

5. Weld seams are brushed with a metal brush.
6. The inner space of the turbine is divided into three parts: a furnace, a smoke chamber and an ash pan. To separate the furnace from the ash pit, a grate is laid between them, on which fuel will be placed. To do this, at an altitude of 10-15 cm from the bottom of the furnace from the sides and at the rear of the box are welded angles 5x5 cm, on which the lattice will be located.

Council.   The grate should be made of 2-3 detachable parts. Otherwise, when replacing the burnt lattice, it will be difficult to get out of the furnace.

7. The grate is welded from thick bars of steel or stripes 30 mm wide. They are attached to 2 ribs - 20 mm in diameter. As the grate bars burn over time, it is better to make such a grate detachable.

Grate making

8. At a distance of 15 cm from the top of the box are welded two strong rods, which will be mixed one or two removable reflectors   - thick-walled sheets of metal, which will delay the flow of hot gases and send them to burn. However, they should not completely block the furnace. In order for hot smoke to flow into the pipe, an indentation of about 8 cm is made from the front (for the first sheet) and the back of the furnace.

Scheme of passage of gases in the simplest furnace and furnace with an installed reflector

Hole for pipe

10. The front part of the furnace with cut-out holes for the doors of the furnace and ash pan is welded to the last.
11. The size of the firebox door should be sufficient so that you can effortlessly lay fuel and change the grate. The hole for the ash pan is made slightly smaller.
12. The hinges are welded first to the door, and then to the hull of the burger. They can be bought ready or welded from two tubes of different diameters. Handles for the door can be made of a strip of metal or rod.

Welding of the door

Important!   When fastening doors adjust them to the hull as closely as possible; for this, they are straightened (leveled) and stripped by an emery wheel. Wedge latch, closing the door, fit the body as closely as possible.

13. On such a stove, you can cook food or warm water. For this, an opening of the required diameter is cut in the upper part of the box. Burner for the oven, which will be inserted into this hole, can be purchased at any construction store.
14. For convenience of use the construction mounted on legs   or a welded pedestal of pipes.
15. The chimney is connected to the furnace by means of a sleeve.
16. For inserting the throttle valve, regulating the output of smoke, two holes are drilled in the tube. The metal rod is inserted into the holes and bent at 90 °. To him in the center of the pipe is caught a "nickle" of metal - a gate, the diameter of which should be slightly less than the diameter of the pipe itself by 3-4 mm.

The damper for adjusting the smoke output

The device of the chimney

  To ensure that precious heat does not escape through the pipe too quickly, it must have a special design. This device has two main parts: vertical   height of 1.2 m, installed at an angle of 90 ° above the furnace and an inclined part, called hog, a length of 2.5-4.5 m and more, in which the smoke burns out. It is the boar that gives up to 1/4 of the heat of the entire furnace.

Chimney hobs

A person of high stature can touch a heated pipe, so the boar must have a protective casing in the form of a grid. To avoid burns, the distance from the floor to this pipe should be 2.2 m. The vertical part of the pipe emanating from the furnace is additionally wrapped with heat insulation.

Important!   The pipe should be located away from the plastered walls at a distance of 1.2 m. The distance from the wooden structures is 1.5 m.

Council.   Pipe laying through a wooden ceiling and roof is a laborious process. It is much easier to pull it through a hole in the wall or window.

Smoke output through the window

The rules for the safe installation of a metal furnace

The barge is heated much stronger than a brick oven, so all flammable objects should be kept away from the stove at a sufficient distance. If the floor in the room is wooden, it is installed only on bricks or metal sheet. The metal, in turn, is laid on a sheet of asbestos with a removal of it by 35 cm or more from the edges of the stove. In front of the furnace, it should protrude 5.5 cm. Asbestos can be replaced with felt impregnated with clay. Install such a screen to reflect the heat can and on concrete.

Important!   A working oven requires supervision. Do not leave the room for a long time, where the burzhuyka is heated.

Installation of a burzhuyki on a brick foundation

We increase the efficiency of the furnace

Burzhuyka able to heat the room in just a few minutes. And in the furnace you can throw everything that comes to hand: since it does not have a ramified network of chimneys, and the smoke in it comes out "directly", you can not be afraid that they will be hammered.

But if a conventional heating furnace installed in the premises for permanent residence has a branched network of chimneys that hold up heat, it goes directly into the tube in the turbocharger, so its efficiency is not too great. That's why it is too "gluttonous" and requires a lot of fuel.

To reduce fuel consumption, you can use the following tips experienced ovens:
a door to the furnace and an ash-pit   in such a furnace must be as tight as possible; otherwise, the air supply to the fuel cell will increase, and the fuel will burn too quickly;
  to adjust the output of warm smoke in the chimney it is desirable to provide a damper;
  next to the oven, you can provide side metal screens   at a distance of 5-6 cm from the furnace, in which case it will heat the room not only by radiation of heat, but also by convection (circulation of warm air);
  The burzhujka, "dressed" in a metal casing, will help to save heat much longer;

Burzhuyka in the casing

Round oven with afterburner and heat gun casing

To delay heat in the room should be increased in the pipe of the knee; However, soot will be retained in them, so it is desirable to create a collapsible construction;
  The pipe can also be given a stepped shape: arrange the legs in stages, with each step making a turn by 30 °; In this case, each of the legs must be securely attached to the wall by the rods;

Furnace with bends for chimney

chimney capacity   should be less than the capacity of the furnace itself, in which case hot gases will not escape into the pipe immediately; its diameter should be only 2.7 times larger than the volume of the furnace, for example, with a chamber volume of 40 liters, the diameter should be 110 mm;
  It is possible to increase the efficiency of the furnace and by means of blowing chimney blower   - this will turn the furnace into a kind of smoke cannon;
  to reduce air circulation firewood in the oven   must be packed as tightly as possible; if it is heated by coal, it is necessary to stir up the ashes as little as possible;
  To regulate the air intake, the door to the ash-bath can be made adjustable by equipping it vertically slots and latch, which will overlap these slits;
  to increase the heating area, it can be furrowed, that is, welded to its body perpendicular to the furnace strips of metal;
  if you put a couple on the stove bucket or metal box with sandthey will accumulate heat and store it even after the furnace has faded; sandy filling or heat accumulator from stones   can also be sewn inside the metal body of the furnace;

Scheme of a sandwich with sand filling, the furnace is made of a pipe with a diameter of 500 mm, its length is 650 mm

Bake, lined with 1-2 layers of bricks, will store heat much longer;

Brick Screen

The furnace volume also matters: the more area of ​​its walls, the more heat they will give to the room;
bricks or metal sheet, on which the furnace is installed, will not only help to secure the premises from a fire, but also to keep the heat.

The stove-burger is the simplest and most reliable source of heat, if necessary, to heat technical premises quickly, efficiently and with minimal financial costs, whether it is a warehouse, a workshop or a greenhouse. The self-made windshield warms, probably, half of all the garages in the vastness of our country.

Thanks to its simple design, it is possible to build a stove with its own hands literally in one day, and the material can serve as an unnecessary gas cylinder, metal barrel, trimmings water pipes   and pieces of reinforcement.

The advantages and disadvantages of using burzhuek

Despite the primitive design, the stove of the burger is quite a popular heating unit, its application has set of merits :

• easy to manufacture   stoves of burzhuyki own hands;
• quick installation   in any place of the room;
• homemade burzhuju at manufacturing does not require expensive materials and a special tool ;
• works on any available fuel ;
• has increased heat transfer , as a result of which the air warms up in a matter of minutes.

However, it will be correct mention also the shortcomings   This type of heating, inherent in almost all models:

• low heat capacity   (heating lasts exactly as much as fuel burns);
• frequent fuel filling   (this statement applies to simple models, since at present there are several more complex designs that can work for days);
• very low efficiency ;
• the need for maintenance of the chimney ;
• high fire hazard   this type of heating devices.

All the same, the garage in the garage is the cheapest solution, so this one's advantage overlaps some disadvantages and inconvenience in servicing.

Burzhuyka own hands

At present, the craftsmen have developed an innumerable number of designs of such stoves, of various shapes and sizes. We will try to classify them and describe the methods of making the most popular specimens.

Simple constructions

Stove burzhujka for a summer residence - as a rule, a kind of an elementary fireplace oven. The simplest stove of a burzhuy, made by own hands is obtained from a metal barrel. To do this, you need to use some locksmith skills.

1. On the lateral surface of the barrel, just below the middle, we cut out a bulgarian or cut a rectangular hole with a chisel. It will be a firebox. The cut sheet of metal is welded to canopies and we add the simplest locking mechanism - the door of the furnace is not difficult to manufacture.
2. Below the furnace hole, cut out a smaller window. This opening is an ashtray. We perform the same operations as for the furnace door to get a closing construction. Subsequently, opening or closing the door of the sump will be possible to adjust the traction.
3. Inside the barrel, above the upper aisle we build grates. To do this, you can use metal reinforcement. To make a grate from it, drill a barrel from opposite sides and pass the bar of the reinforcement into the hole so as to leave about 1 cm on each side from the outside. Weld the bar with welding. Repeat this process to create a lattice inside the barrel. The grate can be made detachable by welding the abutments inside the barrel to install them. The best are cast-iron bars of factory manufacturing.
4. On the upper side of the container, cut a hole and weld a flue (you need a pipe of 4-5 inches), and on the bottom set trimming pipes as legs.

Scheme of the stove - Photo 04

Increase the efficiency of such a burzhuyki possible by installing an obstacle in the path of hot gases in the form of welded to the walls of sections of sheet metal. The sections are installed in such a way that the heated gases pass a serpentine path, more fully rendering heat to the walls of the device.

A good stove for giving on wood is obtained from an old gas cylinder. The wall thickness allows such a stove to work long enough. With a vertical arrangement, the construction is similar, as in the case of a barrel. However, having placed the cylinder horizontally, it is possible to increase the efficiency somewhat, creating a more difficult way for the exit of combustion products and increasing the heat transfer.

Burzhuyka from an old gas cylinder - Фото 06

With a horizontal arrangement, several rows of holes 10-12 mm in diameter are drilled at the bottom of the balloon. They will perform the role of grate. These openings are covered with a metal box with an ashtray door. The box will act as an ash pan. The ends of the cylinder are neatly cut off by the bulgarian, receiving the original round door. On the other side of the container, perpendicular to the surface, a hole is cut and a chimney is welded. Bourrijku from a cylinder with own hands it is possible to build for some hours, and it will serve many years.

Long-burning furnaces

Despite the negligent attitude towards this kind of heating devices, as to temporary solutions, an efficient self-built gas turbine can use such innovative solutions as burning off gases or pyrolysis burning. As is known, these techniques enable us to make full use of the heat released from the combustion of fuel. At the same time, the frequency of the burning of firewood decreases several times. There are designs of long burning with a water circuit, used as heating boilers.

Moreover, well-known world producers produce such boilers in mass production (more than 20 companies, or the Russian "Tverdotop" of the concern "Medved", produce "Stropyuva"). On the same principle, the well-known Russian "Bubafon" of the inventor Afanasy Bubyakin, who lives on the Kolyma, was built. This is a unique oven. Burzhuyka, which was built not by one hundred craftsmen.

Building "Bubafon"

  "Bubafon" is simple and can be made from any metal container and several iron pipes. The volume of the furnace most directly affects the time it burns. Such an oven stove, built by hand from a barrel of fuel, works on one fuel tab a day.

1. From a suitable cylindrical container, we construct a cylindrical shell, in which firewood will be laid.
2. From a thick (at least 10mm) metal, we cut out a circular piece, with a diameter of 10-20 mm smaller than the body. It will be a piston.
3. In the center of the piston, cut out a hole of 100-120 mm in diameter and weld a pipe that is longer than the height of the shell by 100-150 mm.
4. On the lower plane of the piston, we weld by assembling spiral ribs up to 50 mm high. When the fuel burns under the piston, the process of pyrolysis takes place, the firewood burns with the release of the combustible gas, which is burnt over the piston, near the walls of the turbo. As the firewood burns down, the piston descends under its weight. Thus, there is a constant, prolonged burning.

   We build a stove for work on spent fuel
   

   The use of spent automotive oil as a fuel is justified in garages and a hundred, where the used lubricating fluid is always abundant. Such devices are easy to maintain and give a high temperature, quickly heating the room. Burzhuyka on working off, collected by own hands, can work continuously, with due care and maintenance. However, a huge flaw in these structures can be considered increased fire hazard.

   To build such a stove you need sheet metal and pieces of metal pipe.

   Here step-by-step instruction   for its manufacture:

   1. A sheet of fuel is welded from the sheet metal - a hollow cylinder with a diameter of 350 mm. It is the primary combustion chamber.
   2. In its upper lid an opening is cut nearer to the edge. Through it, the oil will be poured, and also pass the air necessary for the primary combustion of the fuel. By the diameter of this hole a cover is made.
   3. Approximately the size of the fuel tank is built up the upper chamber - it will burn a mixture of air with evaporating oil.
   4. In a pipe about 100mm in diameter, drill rows of 10mm holes. This perforation will allow air to be led to the secondary combustion chamber.
   5. Perforated pipe connects the first chamber with the second one. The required length of the pipe is not less than 300mm.

   The bottom chamber is filled with oil and set on fire. Fuel burns and emits heat. At the same time, in the secondary chamber, afterburning of the evaporated oil takes place, which is mixed with air through a perforated pipe. This gives an excellent thermal effect and increases the efficiency. If you decide to repeat this design with your own hands, the drawing and detailed description can be found on the open spaces of the network.

   Furnaces with the construction of increased heat capacity and heat transfer
   

   In furnaces of increased heat capacity, the combustion chamber is lined internally with refractories or the external walls of the furnace are bricked. Heated bricks cool much longer than metal surfaces. When building a burzhuyka in a bath, a metal box with stones or bricks is installed in its upper part.

   Heat-transfer furnaces (so-called bullers) have a round shape. Around the body welded metal pipes. When the pipes are heated, the cold air is taken from below, heating it inside the pipe and leaving the hot coolant from the pipe upwards. Thus, the heating of the room is much faster and more efficient.

How to make a stove-burger

Burzhuyki appeared almost 100 years ago during the civil war, accompanied by devastation and hunger. Urban residents installed small homemade burzhuyki on firewood, the drawings of which, of course, no one at that time did not carry out. However, even without drawings, these stoves saved people in cold and difficult periods of life. Similar products of folk craftsmen still continue to perform their duties in the absence of the main source of heating in homes and bathhouses, in cottages and greenhouses.

Independently, you can make burzhuyki without even having a drawing on your hands. To get a long-burning furnace, use old metal barrels, as well as trimming pipes and thick sheets of iron. Such an oven is capable of heating the cottage or garage quickly in the autumn period, and in spring it is necessary to create the necessary thermal regime in the greenhouse. It's no secret that the heated structure should be properly insulated, since even long-term burners cool down very quickly.

Important! Do not forget about the fire safety measures, given the high degree of wall heating, as well as the chimney.

Features of the turbojet

Manufacturers produce different types of modern long-burning furnaces, but the burgers have been and remain:

• unsophisticated in the design - any drawing will confirm this fact;
• undemanding and easy to operate;
• cheap in value.

Today, you can find on sale traditional retro-models, which are on a par with the artistically executed furnaces of prolonged burning. When they are manufactured, manufacturers use nano- and composite materials obtained as a result of the development of high-tech industries. The price of similar burzhuyok is slightly higher than simple analogs, but the traditional drawing of "insides" and the principle of work remain the same. The furnaces differ only in size and appearance.

Universal oven

Do not forget that the burzhuyki are a national brand, which arose thanks to the craftsmen. They invented the first version of universal portable furnaces in the harsh period of history, when central heating   did not work, and Russian stoves and fireplaces were not in every apartment. Nowadays, as well as many years ago, the owners, when it is necessary to heat the ancillary rooms, widely use homemade burzhuyks working on wood, sawdust, pellets or other wood fuels.

However, apart from burning wood waste in stoves, it is possible to heat the premises with coal. He falls asleep after the required level of hot coals is formed in the stove. When using coal, the furnace will last longer to maintain combustion, respectively, and the heat in the room will last longer.

The design of small long-burning furnaces has several advantages:

• low cost - homemade burzhujki often make "from that was";
• compact dimensions;
• the ability to move to any room;
• rapid heating;
• wide choice of wood fuel;
• no need for a foundation;
• economical fuel consumption in comparison with the Russian furnace;
• the spread of thermal radiation in all directions from the metal case.

We should dwell on the shortcomings of the bourgeoisie:

• rapid cooling after burning wood;
• low efficiency - heat partially leaves through the pipe;
• a relatively small area of ​​the walls of the shell, giving off thermal energy to the environment.

Mobile Furnace Structures

Portable barge

A drawing of the simplest construction of a burzhuy clearly demonstrates that its main elements, except the hull, are:

• combustion chamber, or furnace;
• ash compartment, or ash-tray;
• grate;
• chimney pipe;
• cap.

A more complicated variant involves the presence of two containers inserted one into the other. In this case, hot gases fill the space formed in the space between the tank walls. B about   In this case, most of the heat energy is transferred to the surrounding air. A similar design is called the Bystrov furnace and is a prototype of modern long burning boilers.

The metal case of the turbo-box can have a circular or square cross-section. Their very design is represented by many modifications, and in the name of the furnace irony sounds rather than its belonging to the bourgeois strata of society.

The simplest furnace-burger

Burzhuyki made on legs or stands. In order for the combustion process and the thrust to be adjustable, additional flaps are installed in the smoke exhaust pipe. The top metal sheet or lid serves as a cooking surface on which water is heated or food is cooked. The door of the breeze is designed for its periodic cleaning from slags and ash, formed during long burning of fuel. Furnaces with extra metal sheets have better efficiency and significantly save fuel.

If you build a coiled tubing coil in a similar stove and connect it to pipes located in the room, you get a semblance of water heating. Water will fill the coil and pipes, thus creating a large heating surface. And after the stove is finished, it will keep warm for a long time. In this case, the burger will need to be heated much less frequently to maintain a comfortable temperature in the house or the greenhouse.

Burger with a brick screen

One of the significant drawbacks of burzhuec is their rapid cooling. But this can be avoided by surrounding the stove with a brick screen. A drawing of this design provides for the laying of bricks a short distance from the outer walls of the metal casing of the burger. The heat flows passing through the artificially formed space rise from the bottom upwards, warming up and entering the surrounding atmosphere, and cold air is drawn into their place through the lower ventilation holes.

Similarly, it is possible to surround a brick screen with a chimney, which, although it is heated slightly lower than the burger itself, can cause a fire. And the heat accumulated by the brickwork around the pipe will not be superfluous.

Furnace with a screen

In addition to the preservation of heat, this design serves as a reliable protection of the wall material from accidental ignition during the combustion of the turbojet. This brick requires clay burned, but not silicate or facing.

During the operation of the furnace, not only thermal flows enter the room, but also a brick is heated, which cools down much more slowly than the metal walls of the shell. A brick screen accumulates heat, thereby continuing to warm up the room. It is laid at a distance of 10-15 cm from the walls of the burzhuy, first making for him a foundation of monolithic reinforced concrete. Above and below the masonry form the ventilation holes, which serve for the movement of air currents.

It is not recommended to install the screen without gaps. The circulating air serves as a cooler for the metal walls of the furnace, which prevents their rapid burn-out. In the absence of a gap, the room will warm up more slowly, and excess heat from the furnace will begin to "fly out" through the chimney.

Burzhuyka with a brick screen has one serious drawback, consisting in the lack of mobility.

Conclusion

Simplicity and versatility of the burzhuyki allows you to build it in a short period of materials that can always be found in the subsidiary farm. This can be boxes or cans, metal sheets, empty gas cylinders or trimming pipes. The designs of the furnaces may differ somewhat from each other, but they have the task to heat the room as quickly as possible and at a lower cost.

Related Posts