home heating equipment

A stove with a water contour with hands drawing. Furnace heating with a water circuit

Stove heating With a water circuit it is possible to increase the efficiency of the furnace, distribute heat more evenly over the heated room and rationally use fuel. Such furnaces (with water heating) allow to combine the advantages of conventional stove and water heating. About their features, advantages, disadvantages, types and how to build them yourself, you can learn from this article.

Features of the furnace heating system with a water circuit

With conventional furnace heating (heating or russian stove) the heat spreads unevenly - near the oven it's hot, and the farther the colder. Water heating, with the help of heat exchanger installed in the firebox stove or chimney, allows more rational distribution of heat throughout the room and increase efficiency. In addition, in this way you can heat several rooms at once or even the whole house. And such an oven can be not only heating, but also heating and cooking. The water circuit heat exchanger can also be installed in the kitchen stove.

When using a water circuit, the furnace becomes a variety solid fuel boiler , with the only difference being that in addition to heating the coolant, in this case, smoke channels and the walls of the furnace, which also participate in the heating of the room. Oven water heating will ensure the transfer of heat from the heat exchanger to the radiators in the period of the furnace, and the heated surface of the furnace body will give off heat and at other times.

Furnaces with water heating, now, are used increasingly, especially in rural areas, in areas where there is no gas and stove heating is used traditionally or for heating country houses or villas. When using this kind of heating, there is no need to buy expensive boilers of industrial production. This is the most economical option for heating a house with solid fuel. But such heating has its drawbacks and they need to be taken into account when choosing such a way of heating the house.

The main disadvantages of a furnace with a water circuit can be considered that:

There are three options for a furnace heating system with a water circuit:

buy a ready-made metal oven or stove-fireplace of this type and mount a water heating system for it or connect it to an existing one;
hire a specialist, a stove-maker, who will fold such a brick oven;
to build an oven with water heating by one's own hands.

In the last two cases, it will be necessary to purchase or make a self-heating furnace or heat exchanger, which is an obligatory element of the water circuit.

How to build such an oven with your own hands

Is it possible to build an oven with a water circuit by hand? Completely, if you have already experience stove works or at least brickwork. The first thing you need to do before this is to make a heat exchanger or otherwise - a register, a boiler, a coil. It can be purchased ready-made or made from sheet iron or pipes, using the designs that are offered below. It is possible to show imagination and on the basis of these registers to make your own version, which would take into account all the features of your furnace or cooker (dimensions of the firebox, accommodation, etc.).

Furnace heat exchangers (registers or boilers)

In order to arrange a stove heating with a water circuit, they set their own hands in the firebox of the furnace heat exchanger (register, coil, boiler) and connect a water heating system to it. Such heat exchangers can be various designs and are made of pipes or sheet steel with a thickness of 3-5 mm. The heat exchanger should be such as to ensure maximum heating of the coolant (water) and sufficiently good circulation.

Heat exchangers made from sheet steel are easier to manufacture and easier to clean from combustion products during operation of the furnace, but they have a smaller heating area, compared to the registers made from pipes.

Typically, such heat exchangers (registers) are made by specialists who specialize in the installation of water heating. But having the skills of welding, it is possible to make such a heat exchanger and with your own hands. You can also prepare all the necessary elements yourself, and entrust welding to a more experienced specialist. Consider several possible designs of pipes and sheet metal for furnaces of different types.

Heat exchanger (register) of pipes

Below is one of the possible options for a heat exchanger. This teoblo-exchanger is advisable to use in heating and cooking ovens and cookers, as its design allows you to install a cooking plate above it.

Fig. 1 The register (heat exchanger) of pipes.

To simplify the process of manufacturing the heat exchanger (otherwise: register or coil), the above construction can be changed: instead of the upper and lower U-shaped pipes with a diameter of 50 mm, you can use profile pipe 40 x 60 mm. It will be easier to cut holes for vertical pipes and conduct welding work. Vertical tubes can be left round or replaced with tubes of rectangular profile: 30-40x30-40 mm.

It is possible to make a heat exchanger of a different design from a pipe for a heating / cooking oven with a water circuit:

If such a register is installed in heating furnaces where it is not necessary to install a cooking plate, it is advisable to weld a horizontal tube with a diameter of 32-40 mm into the upper U-shaped pipe, in order to improve the efficiency of the heat exchanger or to make the construction shown in the photo to the left of L-shaped bent pipes. "Return" and the outlet of heated water can be from different sides, as in the photo or with one - from behind. It is also possible to output them to one side or the other, depending on the design of the furnace itself and the layout of the pipes of the water heating system in the house.

Sheet steel heat exchanger

Such a heat exchanger is advisable to use in heating furnaces. It can be made of sheet steel with a thickness of 3 - 5 mm, a piece of pipe 50-60x40 mm of a rectangular profile and pieces of pipes with a diameter of 40-50 mm for supply and removal of the coolant (water). The length of such a heat exchanger may vary depending on the size of the furnace fin.

Fig. 2Heat exchanger (furnace boiler) of sheet steel.

To use such a design in heating and cooking ovens or kitchen stoves, it is necessary to construct the furnace design so that the fire and hot gases pass over the upper shelf of the register, flowing around it and entering the smoke in the front part of the firebox. Then, above the heat exchanger, you can also install a cooking plate.

Another option for using such a register of sheet steel for heating and cooking oven or kitchen stove - making it without a top shelf, only with side (so-called "book"), which in the back part at the top and bottom. Connect round pipes with a diameter of 50 mm or a rectangular profile of 60x40 mm. To improve circulation in the front of the register at the top, you can connect the side shelves with a pipe with a diameter of 32-40 mm or a pipe 40-60x40 mm.

The supply and discharge pipes, depending on the chosen design of the furnace and its location in relation to the water circuit, can be located both at the rear of the heat exchanger (as in the previous version) and on the side (left or right, as shown in Fig.3).

Fig. 3Heat exchanger made of sheet steel and pipes .

In this case, the cooking plate can be installed directly above the heat exchanger.

For furnace heating with a water circuit, it is also possible to use the heat exchanger designs, which are given in the article "Solid fuel boilers with their own hands" , changing the dimensions in accordance with the dimensions of the firebox of its furnace or the required capacity of the water heating system.

As already mentioned, furnaces with water heating can be as pure heating and heating and cooking. The heat exchanger can be installed even in a Russian oven. In all cases, the result will be positive - the distribution of heat during heating of the room or house will become more even, its efficiency will increase and it will be possible to heat several rooms at once.

Masonry Furnace

Possible two options furnace heating devices with a water circuit:

laying a new furnace (from scratch) in accordance with the size of the existing heat exchanger and the wiring of the water heating system from it;
installation of the register in the already existing furnace (it is necessary to make the heat exchanger for the furnace dimensions) and also the wiring of the heating water circuit from it.

In either case, it is necessary to take into account that the internal size of the water jacket (heat exchanger) must not be less than 3 cm, otherwise water, especially with not very strong natural circulation, can boil. Using circulating pump in the heating system, the thickness of the water jacket can be smaller: 25-30 mm.

The thickness of the walls of the heat exchanger for furnace heating with a water circuit should be 3-5 mm. With a smaller wall thickness, they can quickly burn out and have to change the register, and for this it will be necessary to disassemble the furnace. In addition, the minimum thickness of the walls depends on the type of solid fuel that will be used: for firewood, it can be smaller, and for coal should be more.

Fig. 4 Variant of the register location in the firebox: 1 - furnace firebox; 2 - ash pan (blowing chamber); 3 - the register (heat exchanger) of water heating.

To ensure that the furnace boiler (heat exchanger) is effectively heated and to compensate for the thermal expansion of the metal when heated, it is necessary to leave a gap between it and the firebox wall of 0.5-1.5 cm. When using a sheet steel construction as a heat exchanger, a gap of 0 , 5-1,0 cm - to compensate for thermal expansion.

When using the same heat exchanger from the pipes it is desirable to leave a gap of 1-1.5 cm in order to not only compensate for the thermal expansion, but also for more efficient heating of the register, as well as the possibility of cleaning this space. Since the space behind the register and between the pipes can become clogged with ash with time and the efficiency of the heat exchanger will decrease. Therefore, in heating and cooking ovens and kitchen stoves with a water heating boiler, it is necessary to provide the possibility of removing the plate for regular thorough cleaning of the register. In heating ovens such cleaning must be done through the furnace door.

It should be noted that the heat exchanger (boiler, register) can be installed not only in the firebox, but also in smoke or in the cap of non-negotiable furnaces (Fig. 5). Some experts believe that this is even preferable, since, in this case, the fuel tank creates better conditions for complete combustion of fuel. In addition, with such an arrangement of the heat exchanger, it is desirable that it be installed on a stream of hot gases going from top to bottom. In this case, hot gases will give their best thermal energy, rising from the bottom up, water circulating in the register.

Fig.5.

Installation of the register (heat exchanger) in the finished furnace

In order to install the heat exchanger (register, boiler) in the finished oven, two options are possible.

In the first case, it is possible to install a register (heat exchanger) without disassembling the furnace. This can be possible in heating and cooking ovens or cookers, the cooker in which is installed so that it can be removed without parsing the oven itself. In addition to removing the plate, it is necessary to make holes in the walls of the firebox for heating pipes going to the register.

In the second case, it will be necessary to disassemble the upper part of the furnace before feeding the firebox. This method is suitable for all types of furnaces and is used most often. After installing the register, the oven is restored in the same form as it was laid out before.

It is possible, of course, at the same time to change the direction and number of smoke channels, if necessary. The main thing is not to overdo it - the oven should have enough traction after recovery. If before disassembling it had good characteristics and completely suited you, then it's better not to change anything - to restore everything as it was.

This work can be done with your own hands. For this, when disassembling the furnace, it is necessary to sketch out the arrangements-the arrangement of bricks in each row, through which it is easy to restore the upper part of the furnace. The masonry of the upper part can be made of the same brick, if it remains intact, in accordance with the basic rules bricklaying of furnaces . If some of the bricks are destroyed when they are dismantled, it is necessary to replace them, bricks of the same kind and quality.

Mounting the system with your own hands

The circuit of the water heating system from the furnace is also made from a solid fuel boiler, the only difference is that the inlet (return) of the heat exchanger is usually higher than that of the boiler. This must be taken into account when installing pipes of the water circuit of the heating system. Most often, such systems are made by two-tube systems with a lower or upper wiring.

Fig. 6 Two-pipe furnace heating scheme with a water circuit: 1 - heat exchanger (register, boiler); 2 - expansion tank; 3 - acceleration collector (with natural circulation); 4 - an oven or a water-heating tank; 5 - supply line; 6.7 - stop valves; 8 - return flow; 9 - radiators; 10 - circulating pump.

At the upper point of the water heating line, it is necessary to install an expansion tank or to incorporate a pumped storage tank into the system to create excess pressure in the system. In this case, a safety unit with a manometer, safety valve and air valve must be included in the system.

Types of circulation

When installing a hot-water heating system with natural circulation, the heating pipes must be installed with the greatest possible gradient (not less than 3-5 °). In addition, on the supply pipe, after it leaves the furnace, it is desirable to arrange an "acceleration collector": the pipe rises first vertically upward by 1-1.5 m, and then descends obliquely down to the radiators. This allows to improve the natural circulation of the coolant.

Forced circulation allows to increase the efficiency of water heating by 20-30%. For this, the circulation pump must be turned on in the system. True, it is inexpedient and even dangerous to arrange furnace water heating with forced circulation only, as the pump stops working and the water in the system boils.

Therefore, the best option for our case will be a system with combined circulation, in which the slopes of pipes are observed, as in natural circulation, but in parallel the circulating pump is installed: in the absence of electricity, such a system can work with natural circulation, and in the presence of electricity, with forced circulation. For this purpose, the circulation pump is installed in the furnace water heating circuit by means of a bypass - parallel to the main line.

The use of a furnace with water heating is more efficient from the point of view of using fuel energy than the use of a simple solid fuel boiler, since the energy of the burned fuel not only heats the water in the heating system, but also the smoke channels and walls of the furnace, which then transfer this heat to the room.

There are many ways to heat a private house connected with the use of gas and electricity. However, a proven option with solid-fuel furnaces. Use stove heating in its classical form with heat release into the air from the walls of the stove is effective only for small rooms. For a uniform and rapid distribution of heat, heating circuits are used, where air or water is used as the coolant.

The reason for the sustainable preference that owners of private houses give to the furnace heating option is the cheapness and availability of firewood, fuel briquettes or coal.

The disadvantage is the limited processing space, which can be eliminated by installing a water and air system based on a brick unit.

The main disadvantage of stove heating is the limited space available. The device based on the furnace water and air circuits will ensure the supply of heat to remote rooms

The principle of the operation of air heating on the basis of an oven or a fireplace consists in the transfer of a warm stream heated to the operating temperature in a heat exchanger or in a boiler. Air enters either directly into the room or through air ducts. Thanks to a relatively small path, he does not have time to lose temperature. As a result, an even distribution of heat throughout the house is achieved.

The chamber for heating the air is arranged above the furnace so that the hot upper surface of the furnace and the chimney transmit to it the maximum amount of heat. Air circulation occurs naturally or with the help of fans.

A steel factory-made furnace for heating a room of 120 square meters with air flow costs about 12,000 rubles

Natural circulation occurs as a result of the difference in the density of cold and hot air. Cold air, getting into the heating chamber, displaces the hot air in the air ducts. Such a method does not require the presence of electric power, however, if the air flow through the heating chamber is not sufficiently rapid, it becomes highly heated, which can cause problems.

Air heating with a natural movement of heated air involves the installation of air ducts for directional movement. In forced cases, the air movement is stimulated by the fan (+)

Forced circulation occurs with the use of fans or pumps. However, the heating of rooms occurs more quickly and evenly. With forced ventilation, regulating its mode, it is easy to control the volume of air supplied to various rooms, thereby determining the microclimate of individual rooms in the house.

By the type of cold air supply systems are divided into two types:

With complete recirculation. Heated air masses alternate with chilled air within a single room. The downside of the scheme is that the quality of the air drops when passing through each heating / cooling cycle.
With partial reclamation. A part of fresh air is taken from the street, which is mixed with a part of the air from the room. After heating, a mixture of two air portions is supplied to the consumer. Advantage in stable air quality, lack of energy dependence.

It is clear that the first group includes channel systems with natural movement of the air coolant. The second category includes options forcing the movement of air, for the movement of which it is not necessary to arrange a network of air ducts.

The influx of air from the street gives the system with natural circulation an additional impulse, which makes it possible to do without the use of fans

The main advantages of air heating in comparison with water heating:

high efficiency;
accident-free;
no radiators in the rooms.

The device of a contour with forced movement allows to do without the construction of a duct system. In addition, this variety can be combined with air conditioning, humidification and ionization of air.

The main disadvantages of air heating in comparison with water heating:

when using the oven, the supply air temperature has a significant range, unlike the use of other heating means;
air ducts have a large diameter, so the installation must be carried out during the construction phase;
it is desirable to place the furnace in the basement, otherwise it is necessary to use fans that make noise.

The movement of air in the room has a negative side - it raises dust, but the use of filters at the outlet of the air duct allows you to effectively capture this dust, thus reducing the total amount of dust in the house.

Another feature of air heating having a positive and negative side is the rate of heat transfer. On the one hand - the premises heat up faster than with heating by means of a water circuit, on the other hand there is no thermal inertia - as soon as the stove or fireplace goes out, the room immediately begins to cool down.

To ensure uniform pressure in the lateral branches of the duct, it is necessary to exclude their insertion in the last half meter of the main duct

Unlike water heating, the installation of an air-heating system is not difficult. All elements (pipes, bends, ventilation grilles) can simply be connected without welding. There are flexible ducts that can take any shape, depending on the geometry of the rooms.

Despite this, air heating systems based on stoves or fireplaces have not yet received wide distribution. Much more often in individual low-rise buildings for heating the premises use a water circuit.

Based on a stove or fireplace with a brick or steel furnace, you can arrange both air and water heating (+)

The device of water heating on the basis of the furnace

The principles of operation of any water heating are based on the distribution of heat from a local source throughout the room, by the movement of water along the heating circuit.

Main elements of water heating

For the furnace heating scheme with a water circuit, the main elements are:

a stove or fireplace with a heat exchanger in which water is heated;
heating circuit, where heat is released into the room;
expansion tank to prevent damage to the system as a result of increased pressure;
circulation pump to ensure the movement of water along the contour.

There are general rules for the operation of water heating, such as wiring diagrams, which are well known and need to be adhered to. However, when using the furnace as a heat source, there are specific requirements related to the peculiarity of the temperature regime.

The principle of the operation of water heating on the basis of a furnace or a fireplace is not complicated, but it is necessary to accurately calculate the parameters of all elements of the system

The furnaces do not heat up quickly and slowly cool down, there is uneven heat release and only the correct installation of all components of the system will avoid problems with the quality heating of the premises of the house.

Types of heat exchanger and ways of placement

To produce a heat exchanger for furnaces, use "black" steel or heat-resistant stainless steel. The use of cast iron as a material for production is difficult, but it is possible to use ready-made cast iron products, such as cast-iron radiators.

It is possible to use copper, which has better heat conductivity than steel, but the price of such a device will be high. The heat exchanger is recommended to be made of steel with a thickness of 3 mm. At high furnace temperatures, when using coal or, especially, coke, it is necessary to use steel with a thickness of 5 mm.

Heat exchangers can be divided into three types:

registers, coils and radiators consisting of a set of pipes;
shirts (boilers) welded from sheet steel;
combined version in the form of vertical walls connected by pipes (so-called "books").

Shirts made of sheet steel are easier to manufacture and they are easier to clean from combustion products of fuel, however, tubular structures have a large heating area. When manufacturing the jacket, it is necessary to take into account the excess water pressure that occurs when using a membrane expansion tank or raising water to a high altitude.

In this case, it is required to use steel with a thickness of at least 5 mm and further strengthen the walls with stiffeners to avoid deformation.

The more the edges in the register placed in the furnace, the higher the rate of heat exchange between the water and the hot air of the furnace

The shapes of the tubular structures may be different, but it is necessary to observe the condition that the internal size of the pipes is not less than 3 cm in diameter. Otherwise, if the circulation speed is too slow or the temperature is too high, it is likely that the water will boil. Registers are made, as a rule, from profile, and not from round tubes, to facilitate welding.

You can manufacture the heat exchanger of the required size yourself. In this case, special attention should be given to the quality of welding. If a heat exchanger leak occurs, all water will pour into the oven. In addition, to solve the problem, you will have to do a lot of work: disassemble the oven, remove, weld and return the heat exchanger, and then re-assemble the furnace.

There are two options for the location of the heat exchanger. In the first case, it is placed directly in the firebox, significantly narrowing its space. In the second case, the registers are installed in the hood of the non-negotiable furnaces, but the furnace itself in this case has a more complex construction.

If there is a hood, it is better to place the heat exchanger in the hood: there is also hot, and the space of the furnace will remain unchanged

When installing a tubular type heat exchanger, it is necessary to leave a gap between it and the wall of the stove. This is necessary for better heating of the coolant, as well as the possibility of cleaning the register. Clean and shirts and registers are periodically necessary, since in the case of heavy clogging with ash, the heat exchange efficiency decreases.

When the hob is present, the cleaning takes place after it has been removed. If the oven has only a heating function, then cleaning is through the heating door.

Circulation of water in the heating circuit

The basic principles of the organization of natural water circulation in the system consist in modeling the "acceleration collector" at the outlet of the heat exchanger and in creating a constant slope of the heating circuit pipes of 3-5 degrees. The general meaning of the "overclocking collector" is that from the oven the heated water rises vertically upwards, and then it is already distributed along the heating circuit.

Circulation occurs because of the difference in specific gravity of cold and hot water. Cold water is heavier than hot water, and draining to the heat exchanger, displaces hot water up the pipe. The entrance point of the "return" should be below the water outlets from the radiators, otherwise the water circulation will be very slow or it will not be at all.

The overclocking collector is necessary even for small heating circuits in the case of using natural circulation

The installation of circulating pumps increases the speed of water movement through the heating circuit and, thus, a more rapid and even distribution of heat throughout the house. At the same time, several pumps can be used for different heating circuits.

In the event of voltage surges, a voltage regulator should be used, since the pump failure can have serious consequences for the entire system. Pumps can be divided into two types relative to the engine's position: with a "dry" rotor and a "wet" rotor, and two types of voltage: they can operate from 220 volts and from 12 volts.

The motor in pumps with a "dry" rotor is insulated from immersed in the water impeller sealing rings. Compared to pumps with a submersible motor, "dry" pumps have a higher efficiency. However, among the shortcomings can be called a high level of noise, the need for regular service and a smaller motor resource. Therefore, in a private house, as a rule, circulating pumps with a "wet" rotor are used.

The choice of the type of power supply of the pump envies from the possibility of natural water circulation in the system. If it is impossible without the pump, then the choice should be made in favor of the option with 12 volts voltage support and uninterruptible power supply.

Otherwise, in the event of a power outage, water boiling and system failure may occur. If natural circulation is possible, it is better to purchase a more common and cheaper option with 220 Volt power supply.

Connecting a pump with a voltage of 12 volts to an uninterruptible power supply can not be afraid of the functioning of the heating system

When installing a pump with a power of 220 volts, it is necessary to organize the possibility of the heating system functioning when the electricity is cut off. To do this, a stopcock is installed on the pipe, and bypass it is installed a bypass pipe with a pump (the so-called "bypass"). On the bypass pipe in front of the pump set the crane filter, and then - the shut-off valve. By adjusting the position of the stopcocks on the main and bypass pipes, you can activate the forced and natural circulation mode.

Typically, the pump is installed on the "return" near the furnace, so that the temperature of the liquid that will pass through the pump is the smallest. This will significantly extend the life of the pump. In addition, it is necessary to place as many control elements of the heating system as possible in one place so that in the event of an emergency, measures can quickly be taken to eliminate them.

Bypass installation allows the heating system to function when the electricity is cut off, and also allows the pump to be removed without draining the water

Rules for using the expansion vessel

The liquid expands when heated, and if this occurs in closed system, then the pressure inside it will increase greatly, and the growth of pressure is fraught with the breakthrough of water. Using safety valve it is inadvisable, since after cooling the water and reducing its volume, the system will start air.

Therefore, in heating circuits with forced movement of water use special expansion tanks, which are open or closed types. Their volume is calculated not only from the maximum thermal expansion of the liquid (5-7%), but also taking into account the possibility of boiling the system.

The tank of open type equips a water circuit of stove heating of gravitational type, i.e. with natural transportation of the coolant. It is a metal container of arbitrary shape located at the very top of the heating circuit. It directly communicates with the atmosphere, because of which the coolant partially evaporates.

The pipeline is connected to the bottom or the lower quarter of the tank, and to the top of it is welded a branch pipe for drainage of water in case of overflow and discharge of air from the system. Practice shows that the volume of the open tank should be at least 15% of the volume of water in the heating system.

The tank of the open type expander is located, as a rule, in the technical room and its appearance does not make any difference

A closed or membrane type tank is a closed vessel with a membrane inside. Water, heating, increases pressure, stretches the membrane and enters the tank. In case of excess pressure, the automation works, and the excess coolant is discharged into the sewer. After the first reset, there is usually no longer any reason to re-manufacture it, because the volume of the coolant becomes equal to the volume of the system.

The closed diaphragm tank is installed in front of the pump. Such a tank, in contrast to an open tank, can not get rid of air itself, so at the top of the heating circuit, you need to install a Maevsky crane (mechanical air vent) or its automatic counterpart. The only element of the membrane tank, which can eventually fail - the membrane, so it is better to buy a tank with the ability to replace the membrane.

When purchasing a tank closed type, which is sometimes called a hydroaccumulator, the main thing is not to mix it up with a hydroaccumulator for water supply. For a membrane tank that is used in heating, the operating temperature is up to 120 degrees, and the pressure is up to 3 bar. For water supply, tanks with a temperature of up to 70 degrees and a pressure of up to 10 bar are used.

Choice between pipes and radiators

As a water circuit for furnace heating, you can use the system plastic pipes with radiators (batteries) or a system of metal pipes. The main advantage of using radiators is that they look more beautiful in comparison with massive air ducts.

Plastic wiring can easily be hidden in the floor, as it does not give off heat. Although the rules for wiring water heating must be open. However, polymer pipelines have limitations: they can not be laid where there is a possibility of reflow and direct UV action.

The advantage of metal pipes is the lower price of the entire heating circuit, the simplicity of installation and the less frequent problems that arise when operating the system.

The use of metal heating pipes instead of a radiator system with metal-plastic piping is justified, if the aesthetic component of the design of the room is not important

A small advantage of the system with radiators is also the simplicity of temperature control. Even the most accurate calculations of the room temperature can be adjusted. For example, a small child of up to 6 months is recommended a temperature of 19-21 degrees Celsius, while a comfortable temperature in the rest of the house is considered 25 degrees.

To ensure such a temperature for a long period of time in a room, it is sufficient to completely or partially close the tap of heat supply to one of the radiators. In the case of a metal pipe, the question can also be solved, but in a more complicated way: to reduce the heat transfer of the pipe segment by means of a polyurethane foil or foil.

Another version of the heating circuit can be a water-heated floor. This is a very comfortable form of heat supply, but the installation of a warm floor is much more labor-intensive than the previously considered options.

In addition, when using a warm floor, it is not possible to provide a slope for the natural circulation of water, which in combination with a small diameter of the pipes of the warm floor leads to a mandatory condition for the use of a circulation pump.

To pump water through the pipes of the warm floor it is necessary to use a pump, the natural circulation will not work at such a geometry of the heating system

Preventing the freezing of the heating system

The use of water as a coolant has one minus - in the event of a freezing of the heating system, the pipeline and appliances will be damaged. It is especially difficult to restore the heat exchanger integrated into the furnace in this case. This problem is relevant for homes that in winter can not be heated for a long time. One way to prevent damage to the system is to use antifreeze, which is intended for heating systems, instead of water.

For residential premises, liquids based on propylene glycol, as a non-toxic substance, in contrast to ethylene glycol, are used as antifreeze.

However, the idea of using antifreeze has its drawbacks:

antifreeze based on propylene glycol is expensive (from 80 p / liter);
the specific heat of antifreeze is less than that of water (approximately 15%), so a large furnace power and a large surface area of the space heating devices are needed;
antifreeze has a higher dynamic viscosity than water, so a more powerful circulating pump is needed, and natural circulation is not possible;
when heated, the antifreeze expands to 40%, so a large expansion tank of a closed type must be used;
propylene glycol is very fluid, therefore it penetrates through connections in the heating system, through which water does not penetrate;
propylene glycol is incompatible with galvanized pipes, because the antifreeze additives lose their properties upon contact;
when the antifreeze boils (which is likely when using ovens), an irreversible chemical reaction takes place, as a result of which the whole system will have to be drained and the antifreeze refilled.

For antifreeze, the heating system must be calculated in advance - its use in projects implemented for water is quite problematic. Moreover, the project with the use of antifreeze will be much more expensive than the system of water heating. Therefore, the use of antifreeze has not yet become widespread in private homes for stove heating, and other methods are used to prevent freezing.

When choosing a liquid for a heating system, one must keep in mind not only the physico-chemical characteristics, but also its danger to others

Draining of water from the circuit and the jacket or furnace register is the most frequent solution for a long absence of home owners. In addition to additional work, the disadvantages of this method include air access to the metal elements of the system from the inside and, consequently, the spread of corrosion.

Also as a solution to the problem for a short period of time, integration into the heating circuit of an electric boiler of low power is used. His work at a minimum level of energy consumption is able to temporarily maintain the positive temperature of the water.

The low-power electric boiler connected to the heating system is able to maintain a positive water temperature in the event of a prolonged absence of hosts

Video about the calculation and arrangement of the heating system

Calculation of the parameters of air heating using the example of a real private house:

Working heating system based on the oven and water circuit in a private house, an area of 80 square meters:

How to properly install the pump using a bypass pipe:

The supply of heat to the heating system from furnaces and fireplaces takes place portion by part, which complicates the task of calculating the parameters of the heating circuit elements. It is rather problematic to carry out the work on redesigning the contour, so if there is a lack of experience in this area, it is better to turn to specialists with the skills to solve such problems.

The stove heating of a private house and to this day is one of the most popular in all Russian regions. Previously for heating big house Several furnaces were used, which were installed in different rooms, but this is not the most economical option, since it requires a lot of solid fuel.

Today, thanks to the developed modern schemes, as well as the fact that many different types of modern furnaces have appeared on sale, heating has become much easier. It can be of different types and with the use of different fuels. To choose the most acceptable option for your home, which will be suitable for all parameters, you need to consider some types of closer and learn their working principle.

Choice of heating system

For small, well-insulated houses consisting of one or two rooms and a kitchen, it will be enough to have one heating and cooking oven made of bricks.
For larger buildings it is necessary to think through the heating system so that from one oven it is possible to heat the whole house. For this, heating using a water or steam circuit is used.
For a single-story structure, such a circuit can be connected to brick oven or made of cast iron. When you build a system in a two- or three-story house, a cast-iron stove-boiler is more likely.

The next thing you need to decide is the type of fuel. The system can be heated by wood, coal, peat, gas, diesel fuel, electricity or several of them. From this choice it will depend which heating furnace to acquire.

Brick stove

So, as mentioned above, for a small building it is enough to build one oven that will be heated by wood or coal.

The model of the furnace should be chosen in such a way that it can not only heat the rooms, but also be an assistant in the preparation of food.

To ensure that this heating installation does not bring any inconvenience and was the most effective, it is necessary for him to choose appropriate place. A successfully delivered oven can easily warm two rooms and a kitchen.

For example, this model shown in the figure will be a good option for heating three rooms. It is necessary to know that the heat transfer from the furnace depends on the surface area of the structure, i.e. If one side of the oven leaves the room, it will be completely heated. In addition, the massive construction lasts much longer. Having heated the structure from the evening, you can be sure that it will heat up the room until the next morning.

The furnace must be laid when building a house, but its foundation must be separated from the general foundation of the building. It is possible to install a brick oven in an already built house, but this will make it more difficult, since it will be necessary to lift a part of the floor and make a hole in the ceiling and roof for the chimney device.

In this scheme, the construction of the building, the foundation device, the channels of the chimney and the passage of the pipe through the floors with all the necessary parameters to be adhered to are clearly visible.

Brick construction with water circuit

A brick stove can also be adapted for heating large areas, if in its construction near the furnace it is necessary to place a heat exchange element through which the coolant will pass, heating and then circulating in a diluted heating system throughout the house. In this case, it may be necessary to connect a water pump, which will accelerate the movement of the coolant in the system.

Heat exchange elements can be of different shapes, one of them is shown in the photo. It is embedded in the design of the furnace near the combustion chamber, so that, passing through it, the water quickly heats up and enters the pipes and batteries.

The inlet and outlet pipes from the heat exchanger are removed from the furnace structure to the outside, and a heating circuit is connected to them. Then the system is filled with water, which will act as a coolant.

In this case, metal-plastic pipes are used for wiring and connection to the circuit.

In this scheme, the heat exchanger is located above the furnace and is shown in the form of a grid of red color. The blue line indicates the coolant that has cooled down, which passes through the circulation pump and enters the heat exchanger - this part of the circuit is called the return flow. The red line indicates the heated water entering the radiators.

Also in the heating circuit is installed membrane tank, which can be located in any accessible location of the circuit, but it is desirable to install it on the return pipe.

It is also called an expansion tank of a closed type. On its upper part is a nipple, through which air is pumped into the upper chamber. When water is heated in the system, it expands, and its excess rises to the tank, stretching the membrane. When cooling down and a corresponding drop in pressure, the water is squeezed back into the system. Thus, possible pressure jumps in the pipes are smoothed out, the risk of destruction of the system integrity from overheating is minimized.

Video sketch: an interesting version of a stove-fireplace with a heating circuit

Cast Iron Oven

Cast iron furnaces, although small in size, can heat a large room with a volume of up to 80-90 cubic meters. meters. This option will be ideal for a holiday cottage, since the appliance has a cooking plate function. Thanks to the elegant design, today they are pleased to install and in expensive mansions, as they are an ornament of the interior.

The best option of all cast-iron models is a long-burning furnace. It is capable of giving heat to the room for a long time, even though the firewood is put into it once for the entire period of the furnace. This effect is achieved due to the internal design of the furnace, which allows you to reduce the active flame to slow decay.

A long-burning boiler can also have a water circuit.

Cast iron ovens with a water circuit

Furnaces made of cast iron, having a water circuit, are produced in different capacities and are designed for heating of various areas. Some of them are able to heat a two- and three-story house. The heating circuit device is made according to the same system as that of brick ovens.

Furnaces made of cast iron and a combined type are produced, i.e. Electric heating, which is activated automatically, when the temperature of smoldering firewood decreases. This combination of furnace functions will always help to maintain the heating system in the right temperature mode.

Cast iron boilers-furnaces can be provided for a two-circuit heating system, i.e. plus the heat in the house owners will have also heated water.

What should I consider when choosing and installing a stove?

Choosing which heating furnace will be installed in the house, you need to correctly formulate the requirements for it, and, relying on them, purchase or erect a heating device.

The heating capacity of the entire brick oven design is very important. Therefore, if it is decided to install such an oven, you need to choose the right design and ensure the perfect erection of the structure.
Economical work heating system will also depend on the design and layout of the water circuit, as well as the selection of radiators for the heating system. There are furnace schemes that can work in summer and winter mode - this factor also contributes to the economical operation of the device.
To the economy part, one can also refer to a long cooling of the furnace, which will allow using less fuel.
An important point is simplicity in operation and maintenance.
The design must comply with all fire safety regulations for its location and installation.
Correctly executed design will have the required traction, which will protect the house from getting into the premises of carbon monoxide.
The oven should be designed on for a long period of operation.
Of course, it would be nice to have the stove become a real home decoration, and not only was it functional only from a practical point of view.

Positive and negative aspects of stove heating

In most cases, stove heating is arranged in case of need, in the absence of the main natural gas. But heating with a stove has its advantages and disadvantages, which it would be nice to know about.

What are the disadvantages?

The negative aspects include:

A sufficiently long heating of the furnace, and hence of the premises. This is due to the long heating of the walls and coolant in the system.
Not very high efficiency brick building. To increase it, you have to build a higher chimney, make it a labyrinth type, so that the heat remains inside the structure for longer.
The brick kiln occupies a large enough area, but only at such scales it is capable of heating several rooms at the same time.
Unlike from natural gas, the furnace must be under supervision throughout its furnace, as brick variants require constant addition of fuel. Cast-iron long-burning furnaces are an exception, since the wood is laid once for the furnace session.

Positive moments

There are a lot of positive qualities in furnace heating, which are often decisive in choosing it for a device in a private house.

Autonomy, and hence - reliability. The house will always heat up, even if the electricity and water are cut off.
Availability of the price of construction and operation of the structure.
The economy in the purchase of fuel and lack of bills for the main supply of gas or hot water.
Simplicity in operation - oven does not require programming, and if problems arise, they can be eliminated on their own, without the involvement of specialists.
Since the furnace for its operation does not require communication, it can be installed or erected in a house located in any region and village.

Video - how to build a furnace with a heating circuit

In connection with the fact that, and to date, not all have been conducted gas mains, stove heating remains relevant and irreplaceable. Storing fuel in advance and supporting the fire in the oven is all that is required from the owner of the house with stove heating. Therefore, in some houses, even if there is gas heating, do not rush to get rid of reliable brick buildings, and install cast-iron stoves-fireplaces to create in the house not only a warm, but also a yat atmosphere.

Recently, individual housing is gaining increasing popularity. The construction of individual houses is conducted not only in remote areas, but also within the city. Connecting a house or cottage to the system central heating not always possible. In addition, it seems to many that it is more economically advantageous to install furnace heating with a water circuit. But is it so good to bake with water heating, as it seems at first glance?

Combination is a good solution

Many are asking how to combine these two completely different systems. The question is absolutely not idle.

Many wonder how the heating furnace with the heat exchanger can be combined. The question is absolutely not idle.
After all, a conventional heating stove on wood can not provide uniform heating of all dacha rooms, especially if it is required to organize stove heating two-story house.
It is necessary to install at least a few stoves, which, you see, from a financial point of view is quite difficult to do.
Having installed furnace heating with a water circuit with your own hands, you can correct the situation.
Having arranged heating-cooking stove with a water circuit, you can kill two "rabbits" at once - to cook food and simultaneously to heat a large area using one volume of fuel.
The fireplace with a water circuit, made by own hands, also, according to many, can significantly save on fuel when heating the room.

Beneficial, convenient? Definitely. But this is in theory, and how things stand in practice, we will consider later.

There is a demand - there is a proposal

To begin with, there are already available fireplaces with a heat exchanger installed in them, which makes it possible to install a radiator heating system in the house. If a cooking stove for water heating is installed, this unit will allow cooking without increasing the consumption of firewood. Very good engineering idea, but it is only at first glance.

Radiator system - incorrigible laws

As you know, initially the radiator system of heating an individual house is designed for gravitational law. The drop in the output and inlet piping of this system is significant. The outgoing pipeline is located much higher than the incoming pipeline. From this it becomes clear that the greater the difference in the temperature of the coolant in these pipelines, the better the circulation inside the radiator system, respectively, the better the heating. The lack of tilt of the system and a slight drop in the pipelines are now being successfully compensated by the installation of special pumps operating from the 220 V network.

High efficiency with surprise

However, when organizing stove heating of a private house with their own hands, owners often face a lot of hassle and surprises. The fact is that a wood-fired cooking stove with a heat exchanger will perfectly heat and help cook in the cold season. The efficiency of such a furnace is very high and comes to 85 - 90%. Warmed for one breeze brick for a long time will warm the radiator system, allowing you to keep the heat in the house for a long time. And what will happen in the summer? Such an oven and a fireplace with a heat exchanger can not be used even for cooking. Why? Because it will heat the radiator heating system, and it will be impossible to stay in the house because of the heat.

Simple and successful solution

Skeptics, of course, will say that the installation of valves on the radiator system will allow the circulation of the coolant to be closed, thus ensuring the operation of the furnace without heating the system. All right, there will be no circulation. But the oven is working, the circuit inside the furnace heats up, what will happen? Let's turn our attention to the distant past, when with the help of steam power mankind managed to move locomotives and ships, the power of the steam is simply shaking. The remaining coolant in the circuit will simply explode, blowing the entire furnace.

What can be done here? And we'll take and equip a furnace with a water circuit with a pressure valve, - some will say. We will drain the coolant for summer time, - others will say. And they will all be wrong. Indeed, the absence of a coolant in the radiator heating system will affect the lack of heat in radiators in the summer when the furnace is in operation and will not create a threat of an explosion. But what happens to the circuit itself that is inside the furnace?

Burning firewood produce a very high temperature.
The thermal inertia of the brick is very high, and the metal contour will become very hot, which will lead to its unambiguous burn-out.

Imagine yourself: in the fall, the coolant bay, you find a leak inside the furnace. A little pleasant, and to eliminate such a breakdown, as a rule, you will have to make a complex repair with the furnace overrun, which in itself is a very unpleasant and costly affair.

Circulation - desires and reality

But that's not all. Suppose that a brick oven with water heating, installed in the house with your own hands, has compulsory system circulation. In other words, a pump is installed in the inlet pipeline, which ensures a normal circulation of the coolant inside the radiator system.

As a rule, such systems have pipelines of relatively small diameter, and the contour itself too.
We already know that the temperature from the solid fuel has a very high power, and the bricks perfectly accumulate heat.
To ensure that the coolant does not boil in the furnace circuit, the circulation must be very good.

Well, fine, many will say, good circulation is the guarantee of good work of the radiator heating system. Let's repeat, the theory and practice - things are different, especially the practice of Russian reality. So, winter, everything is fine, the stove is heated, the pump is running, the circulation is working. Suddenly they turned off the light, it's not uncommon, especially in the areas where the cottages are located. What will happen?

It takes only one minute for the coolant to boil in the furnace circuit. We already spoke about the consequences. Imagine yourself, the gas boiler can be stopped by simply shutting off the faucet, and how do you stop the Russian oven running at full speed during this time? Even a simple accidental pulling out of the outlet of the circulation pump plug will lead to catastrophic consequences.

Furnace and boiler

Of course, a brick oven with a water circuit looks quite tempting and economically advantageous option, but this is only at first glance. With the rise in price of energy in remote areas, firewood remains the most profitable option for heating the house. It is clear the desire of people to get as much comfort as possible for as little money as possible, but it is still necessary to separate the seeds from the chaff. In such cases it is better to use a special solid fuel boiler designed for working with a radiator heating system.

The oven is a furnace, the boiler is a boiler, and these two units must not overlap with each other.
To supplement - yes, to cross - no.

Sometimes it is advisable to use systems that can store heat generated by the furnace or boiler in the peak of its power, some kind of thermal accumulators.

Thermal accumulators are special tanks capable of storing the excess heat of the heating system.

Benefits of thermal accumulators

It should be noted at once: these systems are rather expensive and cumbersome. For example, a thermal accumulator capable of storing up to 80 kW of thermal energy will cost about $ 1,500. Such a system can not be considered economical, therefore it is rarely used, organizing stove heating of a private house or villa.

Such a system must have sufficient volume to accumulate excess heat generated by the furnace, and at the same time the system must circulate without stopping. In a word, it is very expensive and difficult. These costs will be very wasteful compared to a conventional boiler and stove separately.

But sometimes craftsmen offer other options for the location of the water circuit inside the furnace. The water circuit is not located directly in the furnace, but in the chimney system. In this case, the system has flaps similar to those that are arranged in heating and cooking ovens. In other words, closing the damper in the summer time, the heat input into the zone of the coolant circuit is cut off. Effectively: closed the circuit - and you can use the oven.

Less efficiency - we step on the post

But if we said that furnaces with a water circuit have an efficiency of 85 to 90%, then in this case the efficiency will decrease significantly.

After heating the circuit will not occur directly in the furnace, where the temperature is very high, and at a distance, where it is much lower.
If the contour is made of thick-walled pipes, the efficiency will decrease again.
If thin-walled pipes of small diameter are used to heat the coolant more intensively, we will get a big danger when the circulation stops.

Of course, immediately shutting off the flap of incoming gases to the circuit, we will prevent the accident, but you are not going to watch as a sentry at the stove all the time and give your post to households on the principle of "the post passed, the post accepted". Here the best option will serve a special solid fuel boiler.

Satellite heating system

Knowing the perseverance and perseverance of our craftsmen, we will not be afraid to assume that there will be those who, by organizing furnace heating with a water circuit with their own hands, will install a damper operating in an automatic mode. Such a shutter, overlapping the circuit in the absence of circulation, is equipped with an emergency power system, pressure and temperature sensors and at the same time checks its work through a satellite with an Internet connection. Everything is possible. Just need to understand one simple thing: there are ideas of people who want to save, but there is a sober engineering calculation, in which all options are worked out, in which the system may be developed, sometimes, perhaps, futuristic, but, as practice shows, quite justified. In order to more clearly demonstrate what is happening, when heating ovens with a water circuit are installed with their own hands without hard calculations and focusing on reality, let us cite one small example from life.

Theory is good, practice is better

The wood-fired oven with a water circuit was installed in the house. As a heat carrier, the household glycol coolant was used. The use of such a coolant is completely justified. If the radiator system is heated periodically from the furnace, a prolonged absence of the owners can lead to freezing of water in the heating system.

Household coolants based on antifreeze, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are intended for use in domestic heating systems.

Heat carriers - advantages and disadvantages

Another advantage of this coolant is that it contains inhibitors of corrosion, foaming and scaling. At first glance, everything is right and wonderful. A disadvantage of such coolants is the low heat capacity. It is 20% less than water. Accordingly, to achieve the same effect as from the use of water, it was necessary to increase the area of the radiators by 20%, which, in turn, led to an increase in the volume of the coolant. Another difference between these coolants is the high viscosity in comparison with water. Therefore, the circulation in the system is much worse than when using water. In this case, the issue was solved by installing a more powerful circulating pump.

A small problem is the big consequences

"Flood" in the house

So, we have a furnace with a water circuit, in which a glycol filler is used.
The system is filled with a large volume of liquid, which is under pressure to ensure normal circulation.
The hostess used a food processor in the kitchen, in which a short circuit occurred.
It's okay, just knocked out the RCD (device protective shutdown), or, in simple terms, an automaton.
The owner switched on the machine literally for one minute.
Electricity was restored, and what happened next, plunged the residents into shock.

There was a clap of cotton and a steam stream escaped from the furnace outlet line, the next moment all 160 liters of coolant were inside the room. And you need to know that these coolants have a specific smell, which is difficult to get rid of for a long time. We will not tell you what problems the tenants had and how much money they spent to make heating and interior finishing of the house.

Conflict of systems and materials

Why did it happen? It is necessary to know that in comparison with water, coolants based on antifreezes and glycols have a greater coefficient of expansion upon heating. In addition, the superheated coolant on the basis of these substances changes its chemical properties, which can lead to blockage of the heating system.

In our case, it took only a minute that the pressure in the heating system due to overheating in the furnace circuit, which arose after the circulation pump stopped, rose so much that the output pipeline was ruptured. If the gap occurred inside the furnace, the financial costs would increase much more, and the heating system would be completely disabled. The option that one of the members of the family could be near the pipeline rupture is not considered at all, so as not to shock the reader.

Combination is not always advantageous

After all of the above, many will understand that a brick oven with a water circuit is more of an experiment, the consequences of which can not be foreseen at first sight.

In addition to the basic laws of heat engineering, there are laws of thermodynamics, physical properties materials and much more.
Without taking all these factors into account, it is impossible to make a reliable heating system at home or at a dacha, which, above all, is characterized by safety in its operation.
Thinking of heating ovens with a water circuit, think about what it can do to you as a result.
Most likely, it turns out that the use of a special boiler with a heat exchanger is much more profitable and safer than a device of doubtful designs, and the stove on wood should remain an old kind oven.

Of course, wood stoves with water heating have the right to exist, but only if they are made specifically for one purpose - work with water heating and not combined. Good luck and warmth to your home!

For many cities, heating is an important part of life support, and in private homes it is formed more often with the use of stoves. One of the most popular types is a water-jacket with a water circuit, which includes in its design radiator batteries, which allow to heat the entire house. The acquisition of such a design may not be affordable for many, but you can create your own heating system from a burzhuyka.

Advantages of using a jacket with a water jacket

The furnace with a cavity for heating the coolant is arranged so that hot vapors wash the container from all sides, which allows long to maintain a high temperature. Among other things, such a burzhuyka differs as follows:

The stove with a water circuit provides high efficiency. The cost of creation and operation will be significantly less compared to other furnaces.

For ignition of the furnace, available fuel can be used: coal, firewood and various plant waste.
A jacket with a water jacket does not require electricity. It works by the principle of natural circulation.

Creation of a self-propelled wind turbine with a water circuit

When installing this type of heating system, you can both build a water boiler in the furnace and create the furnace itself from scratch. Therefore, the process can be divided into two stages.

Formation of the furnace-burzhujki

Before the start of work, drawings are drawn up, including all dimensions of the furnace, and basic materials for working with the metal are prepared: a welding machine, a hammer, a bulgarian, and also pliers and overalls.

After the metal cutting has been made, it is possible to proceed to further steps:

Connect the bottom to the walls, excluding the front. All elements should be welded at right angles.

Important: The bottom of the oven is best set at a level of 25-30 cm from the floor. Thus, with the help of engineered metal legs, it is possible to reduce the effect of heating on the floor covering.

A partition is welded into the space between the furnace and the blower. It is necessary to drill several longitudinal holes through which ash will be removed.

On the front wall are made openings for doors. After that, it can be installed to the basic structure;
On the sides of the front part canopies are added, doors are put;

The chimney is welded to the top of the furnace. At the completion of the work, it is necessary to check all parts for defects in joints. If none is found, you can proceed to the next step - adding a water loop.

A water fireplace brings not only home comfort and warmth. This is an excellent addition to the interior, which will make the home more refined. A feature of the fireplace is a good heating of the house, if you compare it with a conventional fireplace. The main thing is to follow the installation instructions.

Adding a water circuit to the fuel cell

The basis of this type of furnace is a heat exchanger, which can be constructed from different materials, for example, hollow steel pipes or steel sheets. In addition to the heat exchanger, in order to create a turbo with a water circuit, it will be necessary:

The body of the finished furnace.
Radiators.
Pipes.
Metal sheets.

Installation of the system is as follows:

In the upper part of the base of the burzhujki two holes are made for the supply and return of water.

A water tank is formed from metal or other suitable unused materials, the largest space should be allocated to it, in comparison with the furnace and the ash pan. In the tank holes are made for the branch pipes, then it is installed behind the furnace. The space is separated by a metal sheet.
Next, the pipe wiring is installed. It can be single-, double-tube and collector.

Important: The two-pipe design is more preferable because it allows you to change the temperature with the help of installed cranes and provides a uniform heating in contrast to the one-pipe. Collector is also quite difficult for self-erection.

The next stage is the serial connection of the nozzles to the radiators throughout the house.

An expansion tank is placed on the supply line, which will eliminate the flow cold water. Its size is selected based on the volume of water that will be in the entire system - the tank should be 20% more.

With proper erection, the water will be heated in the heat exchanger, pass through the pipes to the radiators, cool down and return to the heat exchanger.

Ready construction can be painted or bricked, depending on what kind of appearance for the owner will be preferable.

Video: a project of a turbojet with a water circuit

With the help of a water-jacketed bucket with its own hands, it is possible to save considerably on heating a country house. Such a facility can provide the required quantity heat any room.